Content
Chubushnik is a perennial deciduous plant, distributed in its natural environment in America and Asia. In Russia, garden jasmine is found in the Caucasus. The culture is thermophilic with a low threshold of frost resistance. Thanks to breeding work, varieties have been created that are adapted to the weather conditions of a temperate climate. Planting and caring for chubushnik in Siberia does not differ from agricultural technology in the southern latitudes, the main condition for choosing a variety with high frost resistance.
Is it possible to grow chubushnik in Siberia and the Urals
The cultivation of mock-orange in Siberia and the Urals became possible after the breeding of varieties adapted for the cold winters of the region. In the ornamental gardening of Siberia, about 30 varieties with a high index of frost resistance are used. Basically, these are mock-mushroom hybrids, bred by the breeder Vekhov N.V.
Wild species do not bloom for long, shrubs are tall - up to 4 m. Varietal representatives of the mock-orange with abundant long flowering time with double and simple flowers. Crown size from dwarf forms to medium size. In Siberia, the culture is in high demand among gardeners. Grown as a design element for the decoration of plots and gardens. Chubushnik is undemanding in agricultural technology, responds well to molding, grows quickly, blooms for 2 years after planting.
In Siberia, the mock-orange is grown to create a hedge. Included in the composition with roses, spireas, hydrangea. The shrub is planted near the wall of the building, along the perimeter of the rockery, in the rock garden. Chubushnik harmoniously combines with dwarf forms of conifers. The culture in Siberia retains decorativeness until late autumn; in September, the crown of garden jasmine turns bright yellow.
Chubushnik varieties for Siberia and the Urals
They choose varieties of chubushnik according to the design decision. Varieties differ among themselves not only in appearance, bush height, but also in the period of flowering. The main requirement for a chubushnik is resistance to frost and adverse environmental factors. All varieties recommended for temperate climates are distinguished by high immunity to diseases and pests, unpretentious in care. Below are photos and descriptions of several of the most frost-resistant varieties of chubushnik, suitable for growing in Siberia.
Chubushnik Thin-leaved
The earliest variety in Siberia, blooming in early June, flowering duration - 33 days. Resists frost down to -30 0C. Refers to tall representatives. The wild species is found in Siberia, the Urals and the Far East, the main accumulation is observed on the edges of mixed forests, at the foot of rocky mountains.
External characteristics of the chubushnik:
- branched, sprawling, rounded shrub, length of perennial stems - 2-2.5 m;
- shoots are slightly pubescent, bark up to 2 years old is smooth, brown, at an older age the surface becomes rough, the bark exfoliates in narrow ribbons, the color becomes dark gray;
- the leaf plate is thin with an even surface, the leaves are 8 cm long, rounded with wavy edges, opposite;
- inflorescences are large, long, 5-8 flowers;
- flowers are simple, white, 3.5 cm in diameter, petals are oval, stamens are white, long, numerous with bright yellow anthers.
Chubushnik thin-leaved has a pronounced pleasant aroma.
Chubushnik Large-flowered
The most common variety of chubushnik in Siberia is Large-flowered. The culture is frost-resistant, with an average flowering period of 28 days (from July to August).
Shrub up to 3 m high. Densely leafy, spreading, branched, spherical in shape. The flowers are semi-double, white, large, 4-5 cm in diameter. The inflorescences are long, the density is 3-5 flowers.
Erectus
The photo shows a hybrid form of Erectus, common in Siberia. It is appreciated for its highly decorative habit. The culture has an average flowering period, lasting 35 days from July to the end of August. In September, the color of the leaves turns red-yellow.
External description:
- height - 1.2-1.5 m;
- the bush is compact, narrow, with a weeping type of stem growth;
- thin, gray shoots;
- the crown is dense, densely leafy with narrow, dark green lanceolate leaves;
- inflorescences are formed at the tops of the shoots of the current year;
- profuse flowering, flowers are large, white, simple, diameter - 4 cm, petals are round, lowered.
The hybrid is odorless.
Chubushnik Unusual
A breeding variety of the Chubushnik Unusual was created specifically for the Urals, Siberia and the Moscow region. The culture is characterized by a compact crown, the height of the central shoots does not exceed 1 m. The curved shoots with drooping tops and dark red bark give sophistication to the shrub. The cultivar got its name because of the unusual color of the flowers.
The flowers consist of 4 cream-colored petals at the base with a bright crimson fragment. The brightness of the color depends on the lighting, the stain turns out to be a more saturated color with a sufficient amount of ultraviolet radiation. Leaves are oblong with a sharp top, pubescent, with coarsely toothed edges. The mock-orange variety is early, flowering from June to July. The aroma is delicate with a pleasant strawberry hue.
Elbrus
An elite breeding variety of chubushnik widely used for design in the botanical gardens of Siberia. Frost resistance is satisfactory for a temperate climate, freezing of young shoots can be observed without shelter. Abundant flowering from July, duration - 25 days.
Description of the hybrid:
- spreading crown, bush height - 1.3 m;
- leaves are narrow, light green, thick with smooth edges, pubescent below, turn yellow in autumn;
- flowers are double, white, large, diameter - 5.5-6 cm;
- the brush is long - up to 7 cm, the arrangement of flowers is dense;
- a variety with a delicate unobtrusive aroma.
Planting and caring for a chubushnik in the Urals and Siberia
Chubushnik is an unpretentious culture, it can grow on any soil, both in an open area and in partial shade. Chubushnik is grown in Siberia for decorative gardening. Garden jasmine will bloom and grow better if the conditions for choosing a place and planting time are met.
Recommended timing
Planting a mock orange in Siberia is best done in the fall. The plant takes root well and quickly on the site, the shrub is placed in the ground in mid-September or early October, so that at least 30 days remain before the onset of frost. During this period, the mock-orange will completely take root. Spring planting is not suitable for Siberia. The seedling is placed in the soil until the buds swell; in a temperate climate, the soil will not have time to warm up by this time.
Site selection and soil preparation
All varieties and hybrids of the chubushnik are photophilous; for photosynthesis, the culture needs a sufficient supply of sunlight.In partial shade or under a dense crown of large-sized trees, the shrub is stretched out, poorly gaining green mass, flowering is not abundant, flowers are small. All of these factors affect the decorativeness of the plant, it loses its value. Therefore, the place is taken open, with good air circulation.
Soils are chosen fertile, light, dry, aerated. The composition is neutral, it will not grow on acidic or alkaline mock-orange, if necessary, the composition is adjusted. The landing site is prepared 10 days before the event. The hole is dug in a conical shape, the diameter and depth is 55 cm. The bottom is covered with a drainage pillow, 1 day before planting the chubushnik, the depression is filled with water.
Landing algorithm
The seedling is taken for one year of vegetation, the root system is disinfected with a manganese solution and placed in a growth stimulator for 3 hours. During this time, a soil mixture is prepared from peat, humus, compost, soil from the planting site in equal parts. If the soil is heavy, add sand about 30% of the total.
Sequence of action:
- Part of the nutrient substrate is poured onto the bottom of the pit, filled with water.
- Place the seedling in the center.
- Fill to the edge of the groove with the mixture.
- Top covered with dry soil.
- After 1 day, mulch with sawdust or peat.
If, after planting, the root collar is closed with soil no more than 3 cm, after watering the earth will settle. It is not recommended to deepen below, so as not to provoke decay. The best option is that the neck should be level with the surface. The distance for mass planting for creating a hedge is 70 cm.
Cultivation of chubushnik in Siberia and the Urals
The photo shows the last stage of planting a chubushnik in Siberia; for further growth, the seedling needs appropriate care, it consists in watering, feeding and pruning. All varieties recommended for temperate climates are characterized by high frost resistance; after freezing of the shoots, they quickly recover. To avoid a stressful situation, it is better to cover the plant for the winter.
Watering and feeding schedule
Chubushnik is a moisture-loving plant with a low indicator of drought resistance. Regardless of the region of growth (both in Siberia and in the South), the shrub requires constant watering. The seedlings are watered every 6 days using 5 liters of water. An adult shrub once every 15 days, the required volume of water is 15 liters. This graph is calculated taking into account the complete absence of precipitation. A sign of moisture deficiency will be the loss of turgor by the leaves, they droop, begin to turn yellow at the edges.
They begin to feed the chubushnik in the second year of the growing season. In the spring, before the formation of buds and during flowering, liquid organic matter is introduced under the root. After flowering, the trunk circle is covered with ash. At the end of August, for better formation of flower buds, they are fed with phosphorus and potassium agents.
Loosening and mulching the soil
The first obligatory loosening is necessary for the chubushnik during the swelling of the kidneys. Subsequent ones are carried out as the weeds grow and the soil dries out. Mulching will relieve you of unnecessary loosening, stop the growth of weeds, retain the necessary moisture and protect the root from overheating in summer. The mulch layer in Siberia is renewed every spring after the first weeding.
Pruning
In the second year of growth, the shrub will bloom with single flowers, the buds are not left. At the end of summer, the crown of the chubushnik is cut off, the shape and height are corrected, in the spring damaged shoots are cut, as well as curved and growing inside the bush. In the third year, the plant enters a full flowering phase. After flowering, the shoots are removed completely.
For 4 years of growth, in addition to the listed activities, rejuvenating pruning is carried out: all the stems are cut off at the root, leaving 3-4 young strong shoots. The procedure is carried out in a year. With a strong thickening of the shrub, thin, old branches are removed from the central part of the shrub.
Preparing a chubushnik for winter in the Urals and Siberia
Adapted varieties of chubushnik tolerate a drop in temperature well. Taking into account that the biological species is thermophilic, it is not worth risking when growing in Siberia.If a frost shelter is not used, the instability of winter temperatures can cause the annual plant to die. The shrub is mulched, the branches are pulled together with twine, and bent to the ground. Cover with dry leaves on top, cover with a snowdrift in winter. An adult mock-orange is watered abundantly, the mulch layer is increased, the branches are cut to about the level of the snow layer. In spring, the shrub will quickly recover and bloom profusely.
Pests and diseases
Most of the pests that threaten the plant in warm climates do not survive in Siberia. There is a spider mite, they get rid of it with Fitoverm. Less often, the leaf weevil parasitizes, and insects are destroyed with the chemical "Bitoxibacillin".
The only infection that infects mock-orange in Siberia is brown spot. The growth of the fungus occurs at the end of July, manifests itself in small dark brown spots with a white border on the lower part of the leaves. At the first signs of infection, the damaged areas are removed, the leaves, after falling off, are collected and burned. The shrub is treated with copper-based preparations.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for a chubushnik in Siberia includes feeding, watering, pruning and sheltering seedlings for the winter. Only with the observance of agricultural technology is it possible to grow a highly decorative, profusely flowering shrub. A healthy, well-developed chubushnik will become a decoration of a garden or a summer cottage for many years.
