Deytsia (deycela) shrub: care and planting in the Urals, in Siberia, timing, reproduction

Planting and caring for action outdoors involves following just a few simple rules. The culture is unpretentious, in natural conditions it is capable of growing in the mountains, tolerating droughts, and takes root on any soil without stagnant water. Although the plant is native to the south, it is not difficult to ensure abundant flowering of the action in the conditions of the middle zone, as well as in the more severe regions of Siberia and the Urals.

Features of growing a deycella shrub

Deutzia shrubs are distinguished by a variety of varieties from tiny forms no higher than half a meter to spreading 4-meter plants. The color of leaves and flowers is also varied, but all plants have similar preferences for soil composition, lighting, pruning, and care.

Basic conditions for growing action:

1. Plants easily tolerate drought, but respond to dosed watering with vigorous growth and abundant flowering.
2. An abundance of light, placement in an open area for action is optional. The culture prefers the morning sun and partial shade in the afternoon.
3. Fast-growing shoots need pruning and thinning. Formation is one of the main principles for obtaining lush flowering.
4. The winter hardiness of the action is estimated as average: at -20 ° C, the apical buds freeze, at -30 ° C the entire unprotected part of the plant dies. The culture easily tolerates winters without shelter only in the south.
5. The action is resistant to smoke, gas pollution in a big city. The culture does not tolerate only planting in a windy place and drafts.
6. With a high level of groundwater, additional drainage is provided during planting. The roots of the plant do not tolerate stagnant water.

In nature, the shrub grows on lighted edges, at the foot of the mountains. In the garden, action is able to grow under the protection of tall trees, subject to incomplete shade. There is only one fundamental requirement for the composition of the soil - a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. This indicator, most often, requires a separate, simple adjustment.

How to propagate action

Unnecessary care when growing action is not the only plus of a decorative look. The shrub is easy to propagate in many ways. So, seeds provide more than 90% of germination immediately after ripening. Vegetative methods (cuttings, offspring, dividing the bush, layering) give the same high rate of survival.

Seeds

The seed method of planting is suitable for the reproduction of non-selected species of action. Hybrid garden forms do not retain their qualities in subsequent generations. A bush will grow from the seeds, repeating the original forms of action before crossing.

For successful reproduction, it is important to properly store the seed before planting.In winter, the seeds are kept in a glass jar with a well-screwed lid or sealed in polyethylene. The best temperature regime is about 15 ° С.

In regions with mild winters, seeds can be planted outdoors in the fall, immediately after harvest. In areas with a harsh climate from the Urals to Eastern Siberia, action is sown in pots and germinated at home. Most often, planting in open ground is carried out in the spring, and it is not necessary to process the seed material. The plant is characterized by good germination without stratification, stimulation or soaking.

It is enough to spread the seeds over the surface and slightly compact the soil. Spring planting action does not require deepening. By periodically moistening the soil, you can expect the first shoots in 15 days. To speed up the process, the garden bed or pot is covered with polyethylene.

Propagation of action by cuttings

The green or lignified shoots of the fast-growing bush provide a rich supply of breeding material. Both cuttings taken after autumn pruning and harvested in summer take root perfectly. To grow the Deutsel shrub, as shown in the photo, the green tops are cut from the second half of June.

For cut shoots, it is enough to remove the leaves from the bottom and place them in a moist substrate. For guaranteed survival, you can put the stems with the lower end in Kornevin's solution for 24 hours. At temperatures from 15 to 30 ° C and regular spraying of plantings, such reproduction gives an efficiency of above 95%.

Lignified action cuttings cut in the fall must have at least 5 living buds. The stems are tied in bunches and stored until spring in wet sand at temperatures from 0 to + 5 ° C. In the spring, cuttings are rooted in the open field, regularly sprinkling with warm water. It is possible to take out the seedlings of action to the planting site only after reaching the average daily temperature of + 15 ° C.

Layers

The most natural and painless way of reproduction for action is the rooting of the branch, without separating from the mother bush. For the procedure, a young shoot is selected, bent to the ground, fixed to the soil with a bracket or stone. The place of contact is covered with a loose, fertile substrate. To stimulate root formation, the bark on the shoot can be cut with a sharp knife. The rooted cuttings of the deucella are separated from the bush after a year for planting in the spring as a normal seedling.

By dividing the bush

The method is suitable if you urgently need to transplant a perennial overgrown bush to a new place. It is not worth disturbing the plant just for reproduction - an adult action does not tolerate such a procedure.

The plant is dug in from all sides, trying to go deeper as much as possible. Action can have several taproots, which it is desirable to preserve as much as possible, and many superficial fibrous ones, which grow more easily. They take the bush out of the ground, shake off the soil, divide the rhizome into several parts.

Each division must have a developed root and live growth buds. Parts of the action bush are planted in a new place immediately after the procedure, otherwise the bare roots of the plant will dry out and take root worse.

How to keep active before landing

When buying ready-made seedlings, they prefer bushes with an open root system. This makes it possible to objectively assess the condition of the plant. Action in containers for planting should be purchased only from trusted sellers or directly from the nursery.

After purchase, exposed roots should be wrapped in paper or a damp cloth for shipping. Do not use polyethylene: wrapped roots can overheat and support.

Planting action in the spring is done before entering the growing season. If you want to save the purchased material for some time before planting, the plants should not be brought into a warm room. This stimulates the opening of the kidneys and may impair engraftment.It is better to leave seedlings in containers or with wrapped roots on the street, take them to the balcony, to the basement, thus delaying the state of dormancy.

Planting and caring for an action shrub

Correctly and on time planted bushes quickly begin to grow and bloom after a few seasons. For the formation of a lush action bush, as in the photo, cultivation and care will not be a problem if the place is well chosen and the planting is done correctly.

Recommended timing

The best time for planting is in the spring, after the soil has completely thawed before budding on the trees. In each region, the timing is different, so you should only focus on the weather. Planting action in the fall may not give the plant time to adapt and regrow. Pre-winter work is only possible during mild and warm winters.

Site selection and soil preparation

A light-loving shrub can thrive in an open, sunny place. The plant tolerates diffused light well, without loss of decorativeness, it can be in partial shade for up to half a day. Therefore, the action is planted from the southern, western or eastern side of buildings, tall trees, dense fences.

Unpretentiousness to the composition of the soil allows you to grow a crop in any area. When preparing the soil, it is possible to improve the properties of the substrate and ensure the action of the following minimum parameters:

• nutritional value - due to the introduction of fertilizers and humus;
• looseness - adding peat and sand for digging on heavy soils;
• slightly alkaline reaction - the introduction of ash or slaked lime;
• outflow of excess moisture - by laying drainage during planting.

If it is necessary to replace the soil due to non-compliance with the requirements, the mixture is prepared from humus, sand and peat in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. A glass of slaked lime or wood ash is added to the composition per plant.

Landing algorithm

Before planting, the action is examined, all damaged areas of the roots are removed, they are shortened to 30 cm. If the open roots have dried up, they are immersed in a liquid clay solution for 3 hours. For seedlings from containers, before planting, they slightly knock off an earthen lump. Curled roots need to be slightly stirred up and spread out.

Planting process:

1. A pit is prepared at least 50 cm deep.
2. At the bottom, 10 cm of sand, pebbles or expanded clay are laid for drainage.
3. A small part of the prepared soil mixture is poured on top with the addition of 100 g of complex mineral fertilizer (for example, nitrophoska).
4. Set the seedling so that the root collar of the action is above the soil level.
5. Little by little they add soil, lightly tamping the layers. After filling the hole, the seedling is watered abundantly.

For better survival and protection of the roots of action from drying out or spring temperature drops, the soil is covered with straw, peat or sawdust. The mulching layer should not exceed 5 cm.

Transplanting action in autumn or spring

It is advisable not to dig up adult bushes, they do not tolerate even minor root injuries. A transplant of an already formed action may be required in case of an unsuccessful landing site. Often this need arises when the crown is poorly developed due to stagnant moisture, shade or drafts. It happens that the action bushes planted nearby, growing, begin to interfere with each other. Transplantation in such cases cannot be avoided.

If it is necessary to transfer an adult action bush to a new place, you should, if possible, wait for the spring warmth. An autumn transplant threatens to weaken the plant and leave for winter with damaged roots. Such a bush can freeze out.

Transplanting the action in the spring gives it more time to adapt. The grower can monitor the success of rooting throughout the season and provide the necessary care for the plant to prepare for winter.

Transplantation rules:

1. A pit in a new place is prepared in advance according to the landing rules.
2. Dig out the bush carefully, trying to keep the earthen lump.
3. Move large specimens of the excavated action by gently dragging on tarpaulin or other dense material.
4. The transplanting procedure completely repeats the steps with the seedlings up to mulching.

The crown of the bush must be thinned out, the old branches are completely removed, and the young ones are shortened by a third. Even with full observance of all conditions and good care, the transplanted plant will be lethargic for some time, it can shed some of the leaves.

How to grow action outdoors

Different climates dictate some differences in the care of ornamental shrubs in the south, in the northwest region and areas with more severe, but snowy winters. In the south, the soil, weather and small fluctuations in temperature make it possible to grow action almost without leaving, limiting itself to shaping, watering and occasional top dressing. The climate of the Moscow region presupposes low temperatures without a stable snow cover in winter. The most important care for such bushes will be the correct shelter from frost.

Outside the Urals, during harsh winters, the action tolerates the cold season more easily due to the abundance of snow, but cultivation requires careful selection of varieties. An important criterion for the climate of Siberia is the height of the bush - undersized hybrids do not require special adaptations for a successful wintering.

How quickly the action grows

The strength of the growth of the shoots is highly dependent on the fertility of the soil and regular moisture, but even without special care, the bushes quickly gain green mass. Timely pruning also helps to strengthen branching and ensure healthy growth.

For several years, an action seedling is able to turn into a luxurious bush that grows in width. This feature will require additional removal of overgrowth around the bush, which provides a rich planting material for propagation. By carefully separating young shoots from the uterine root, you can get ready-made seedlings without disturbing the adult action.

Due to the strong growth of tall varieties of pink and white action, for ease of care, planting is carried out no closer than 2.5 m from buildings. This distance allows the crown to develop harmoniously, provides access for pruning and thinning.

Watering

Caring for the action does not require frequent moisture, the plant does not tolerate stagnant water well. Excess watering is the only reason for the development of root rot, which can destroy even a strong bush.

Watering rules for action:

1. In spring and summer, one watering every 10-15 days is enough for the bushes. About 10 liters of water are consumed per adult plant.
2. Watering is increased and increased to 20 liters per bush only with prolonged drought, accompanied by heat.
3. In August, it is recommended to stop watering, and during autumn rains, cover the trunk circle with polyethylene. This stimulates the lignification of fresh growth.

After each watering, the soil should be loosened, preventing the formation of a crust on the surface.

Top dressing

If the planting took place with the replacement of the soil and the addition of fertilizing to the substrate, then the fertilizers will be needed for young bushes after several seasons, when the planting hole is completely mastered by the roots.

The action is fed several times a year:

• in the spring, immediately after pruning, with complex compounds containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, 100 g per 1 bush.
• during flowering - manure solution (1:10), 5 liters per plant every 2 weeks;
• in the fall they are fed with complex fertilizers after thinning and cleansing the bush;
• every year the soil is additionally deacidified by adding dolomite flour or lime, especially if organic matter was used for feeding the action.

Weeding and mulching

Keeping the soil around the plant loose and clean can be time-consuming. After each watering, the top layer of the soil should be agitated, weeds should be removed. Mechanical loosening of the action damages the superficial thin roots. Mulching is a simple care that creates an ideal microclimate, preventing moisture from evaporating, maintaining a constant soil temperature, keeping the soil loose and breathable.

One trick eliminates many activities and prevents weeds from spreading en masse. Chopped straw, leaves, small decorative stones, bark or peat can be used as mulch. Materials are laid on the soil around the bush with a layer of no more than 5 cm.

Pruning

The formation of the crown is of paramount importance for the lush flowering of the action. Pruning begins from the moment the plant is planted, and then is carried out every year.

Stages and features of trimming action:

1. After planting, the seedling is cut, leaving no more than 5 buds.
2. In the spring, remove all frozen parts of the bush to healthy wood. In case of severe lesions, it is permissible to cut out all branches near the soil itself. Action has a great chance of complete restoration of the bush.
3. In the summer, you can cut off the faded shoots, leaving one living bud for a new growth. The procedure can be postponed until autumn pruning, but in this case, a replacement shoot will not form.
4. In the fall, they carry out a sanitary cutting of old and damaged branches onto a ring at the base. Young root shoots are also cut out around the plant.

Features of cultivation of action in the Urals and Siberia

Originally a southern crop, the ornamental shrub gradually acclimatized in Europe and northern Asia. Natural selection from a variety of species has distinguished those that are able to survive frosty winters. The selection of the last decades has made it possible to obtain many winter-hardy and surprisingly beautiful varieties.

To get lush flowering bushes, as in the presented photos, planting and caring for action in the Urals, the Far East, in Siberia is done differently than in temperate and warm zones.

Care practices for the northern regions:

1. With early frosts and severe winters, autumn feeding is not carried out. Since the beginning of September, only pollination of the soil with ash is permissible, to feed the action with potassium, which is involved in the ripening of the shoots.
2. Summer fertilization with nitrogen-containing compounds, including manure and bird droppings, is minimized. A few dressings after the start of flowering are enough. This will contain the burst of vegetation after the seed has been set.
3. For green hedges, it is not recommended to choose action if the temperature drops below -25 ° C in winter. The bushes will often freeze slightly and will not provide the desired decorative effect.
4. Chose for planting varieties that are recommended for growing in cold climates. The most resistant to frost is the Amur deytion (small-colored). Long-leaved and purple varieties winter well under the snow.

How to prepare action for winter

In order for the bushes to come strong enough by the fall, the branches had time to lignify as much as possible, and the roots were able to withstand the freezing of the soil, it is enough not to overfeed and not water the plants excessively. After the autumn pruning, the soil under the deytion bushes is mulched with a fresh composition. For the winter, it is better to choose peat, laying it in a layer of up to 10 cm.

Shelter action for the winter

The main task of the gardener in the fall is to ensure a successful winter for the plant. If in the north-west or in the Moscow region it is impossible to do without shelter because of the winter with little snow, then in areas with more severe frosts, snowfalls are more abundant, and the cover is stable.Therefore, in Siberia and the Urals, pre-winter care can be reduced to bending down high branches, which will be naturally covered.

Only undersized or young bushes will be easy to lay. Mature action wood is hollow and brittle, branches tend to break under stress. Therefore, the stems are lifted up as much as possible, pulled together with a loose bundle using twine and the bush is wrapped with breathing material: burlap, lutrasil, any agrofibre. It is important not to cover the wintering action with polyethylene.

Experienced gardeners advise creating multiple layers of lightweight materials with air spaces. In such a "thermos" winters are easily survived not only by adult specimens, but also by seedlings of action of the first year.

If a constant, high snow cover is expected, low and young bushes are bent to the soil, before the first snowfalls they are covered with earth or covered with breathable material. In the middle lane, the snow that has fallen is scooped up, thrown onto the bushes, regularly checking and renewing the shelter. With a sharp increase in frost, all unprotected parts of the action may die.

Pests and diseases

All types of action are resistant to typical garden diseases and pests. Sometimes there is a gnawing of leaves by a bumblebee proboscis. If a pest is found, the bushes are sprayed with a 15% phthalophos solution.

Since the second half of summer, the action is regularly checked for the presence of horned caterpillars, aphids, and ticks. To combat insects, Decis or Bitoxibacillin solutions are used, diluted strictly according to the instructions.

The only disease that threatens action is root rot. A disease occurs due to improper care of the plant: waterlogging of the soil, stagnant water in the cold season or early spring. Most often, with a strong lesion, the bush dies, therefore, planting action without drainage is unacceptable.

Conclusion

Planting and caring for action outdoors is not difficult in both warm and harsh climates. Simple techniques and knowledge of the characteristics of the plant allow you to get lush flowering bushes in several seasons. Unpretentious, stable action in beauty is on a par with hydrangea, roses, lilacs, and requires very little attention. A properly planted bush with minimal maintenance can decorate the garden for more than 20 years, recovering from the mistakes of an inexperienced gardener, freezing or droughts.

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