Content
It is very simple to propagate dogwood, especially since it can be done in almost all available ways - both seed and vegetative. Problems with acclimatization in a new place usually also do not arise due to the unpretentiousness of this garden culture. The plant grows rather quickly regardless of climatic conditions and breeding method.
Deren features
Derain is a species of plants of the genus Dogwood, a deciduous or evergreen shrub with drooping branches, less often a tree. There are more than 50 varieties of deren in the world adapted for cultivation in temperate latitudes, however, high frost resistance makes it possible to plant these plants in regions with a cold climate.
The leaves of most varieties are simple, whole-edged. They are attached to the branches with long petioles. The leaf blade is dotted with many small veins.
Deren flowers are bisexual. They are, as a rule, small in size and have an inconspicuous color: white or pale yellow with a slight sheen of third-party shades. They form dense inflorescences in the form of scutes or heads. Deren fruits are represented by small drupes up to 1 cm in diameter.
Sod breeding is possible in almost all existing ways.
Deer growth rate
Most varieties of deren grow laterally and in height quickly. The average annual growth of the shrub is about 50 cm both in diameter and in height.
The maximum growth of the grass usually reaches 8-12 years of age.
Deren root system
The deren root system is represented by a highly branched network of small roots. It is quite sensitive - if damaged during transplanting, the plant can wither. On the other hand, with minor damage, the roots quickly recover.
Dimensions (edit)
The size of the turf is determined by its variety. There are both low-growing shrubs, the height of which does not exceed 1 m, and trees up to 8 m high.
Why does the derain blush
Novice gardeners may mistake the reddening of deren's shoots and leaves for a disease, but this is not the case. The fact is that seasonal color change sometimes acts as a varietal characteristic - some varieties begin to turn red in the fall with the onset of cold weather. For example, when temperatures drop, Siberian Variegata and Aurea white turf change color.
Planting and caring for grass
Planting a deren in open ground and its subsequent care is not difficult, as well as reproduction. This shrub is not capricious and does not require much attention. All that is necessary for the correct development of the deren is a competent selection of a place for planting and adherence to the most basic rules for growing a plant.
Requirements for the site for planting deren:
- Most varieties prefer well-lit areas. Derain also develops well in conditions of weak shade.
- Soil moisture should be moderate.It does not need to be waterlogged, however, dry soil inhibits the growth of turf in the same way as a wetland.
- The plant grows best in fertile, loose soils, however, this is an optional requirement. With proper fertilization, the shrub can grow well in poor soils.
- It is not recommended to plant turf in an area with heavy loamy soil.
The level of occurrence of groundwater does not really matter when choosing a place.
Landing dates
The timing of planting deren depends on the variety and method of reproduction. You can be guided by the following recommendations:
- In the fall, fresh seeds are sown, collected shortly before, as well as bush cuttings.
- In the spring, seeds that have passed through the stratification procedure and cuttings are sown in the soil.
How to plant a tree correctly
All varieties of deren are planted in about the same way. The general landing pattern looks like this:
- 2-3 weeks before planting, the selected area is prepared by applying mineral and organic fertilizers.
- At a distance of 50 cm from each other, holes are dug, the size of which depends on the plant variety. They are guided mainly by the size of the root system of the seedling and the earthen coma in which it is enclosed. The roots should fit freely into the planting hole.
- The bottom of the holes is covered with humus and mineral fertilizers.
- The planting material is slightly moistened and lowered into the pit. It is very important not to destroy the earthen lump.
- The hole is covered with the top layer of soil and lightly pressed down around the seedling.
- At some distance from the trunk, the plants form a shallow hole. So, after watering, water will remain near the base of the bush.
- Finish planting deren with watering.
Watering and feeding
Derain does not tolerate prolonged drought, so the plant is watered regularly. It is not recommended to fill in the plantings, but the soil should not dry out either. Young plants especially need moisture.
Fertilizers are not necessary for the development of the turf, especially if the site for the plant has been fertilized before planting. If the shrub grows in an unprepared place, the plant is fed once a year in June or May.
Is it possible to transplant turf in the fall with leaves
Transplanting an adult plant is not recommended - this can lead to its death. They do this only as a last resort.
Optimal transplant times: October-November, when the derain will shed its foliage, or March, while the buds are not yet swollen. At the same time, moving the plant in the fall is associated with less stress for the shrub, however, replanting in the spring stimulates faster growth.
How to prepare your turf for winter
Most varieties of deren do not need to be covered for the winter. This is a fairly cold-resistant plant that can safely survive low temperatures.
The only exceptions are young seedlings. In the first year, it is better to cover them, but in the future there is no need for this.
Deer pruning
Derain grows well without pruning, however, most often the shrub is used as a hedge or garden composition, and therefore the formation of the crown of the plant becomes necessary in these cases.
It is important to use only well-sharpened tools.The cut of the shoots should be smooth, even, without "chewed" edges, which often happens after cutting with blunt garden shears. This is not only not aesthetically pleasing, but also harmful - after such a rough rupture of the soft tissues of the branches, the plant may become infected with an infection.
When to prune your turf - in spring or fall
Usually the bush is pruned in the spring, when the plant begins to lose its neat appearance and grows strongly in diameter. At this time, a rejuvenating type of pruning is performed.
The shrub can also be formed in summer and autumn.
Pruning deren in spring
There are 2 types of spring pruning of the bush - radical and shaping. In the first case, the purpose of the procedure is to rejuvenate the plant. Shoots are removed selectively, selecting only faded and dried branches.
Formative pruning aims to correct the shape that was set in the last year. For this, only branches that are strongly protruding to the sides are removed mainly.
Pruning deren in the fall
The care of the grass in the fall includes sanitary pruning. After the shrub has shed its foliage, it is necessary to clean up the plant - remove any broken, dry or weak shoots.
In the event that the grass is grown in the Northern region, the bush is cut for sanitary purposes in May.
Pruning deren in summer
In summer, formative pruning is carried out by pinching - moderate shortening on young shoots of the flowering part. The result of this procedure is enhanced growth of lateral growth. Due to this, the shrub acquires a rounded shape and becomes denser.
Deer hedges are pruned 2 times per summer - in June and July.
The features of crop pruning can be seen in the following video using the example of removing shoots from variegated deer:
How to form a sod
Almost all varieties of deren are distinguished by intensive shoot formation - they quickly grow in width and height, due to which it is possible to form the necessary figure from them in the shortest possible time: a cube, a ball, a cone. Moreover, the shape once chosen does not have to be maintained every year - it can be changed. This will not affect the development of the shrub.
The following forms are most popular:
- Column. In this case, the lateral growth is removed. Do not touch the shoots in the middle of the bush. Moderation is the most important thing in forming a column. Over-pruning can cause the plant to tilt to the side.
- Arch. The shape is achieved by fixing the shrub to a special arched structure for the garden.
- Hemisphere. In order to form this figure, young branches are removed in spring or autumn at a height of about 10-15 cm from the surface of the earth. This pruning stimulates the expansion of the turf in diameter. In addition, the procedure largely rejuvenates the plant and enhances its decorative qualities, since the young branches are bright red.
Deer breeding
Reproduction of deren is possible by sowing seeds or by vegetative methods, namely:
- cuttings;
- dividing the bush;
- layering.
Reproduction of deren by cuttings
Propagation of deren by cuttings can be done both in autumn and in spring, however, spring breeding in this way is more effective.
The propagation algorithm of a plant by cuttings looks like this:
- In the spring, parts of the young branches are cut off from the selected bush.
- They are buried in the ground in spacious boxes. The composition of the soil mixture should include river sand and humus.
- Landing of the segments is made at an angle of 45 °.
- Containers with cuttings are placed in a greenhouse with a temperature of + 25-35 ° C and the soil is moistened from time to time.In this case, it is necessary to shade the walls of the greenhouse - direct sunlight negatively affects the development of cuttings.
- In the fall, planting material can be planted in a permanent place.
By dividing the bush
Shrub reproduction occurs according to the following scheme:
- Choose a strong, healthy bush that grows well to the sides.
- Dig it out, removing excess soil from the roots.
- With the tip of a shovel or a knife, the rhizome of the bush is divided into 3-4 parts.
- The reproduction procedure ends by seating the divisions in pre-prepared holes filled with fertilizers.
Layers
Propagation by layering is as popular as propagation by cuttings of the culture. This is explained by the simplicity of the process:
- In the spring, an annual shoot is chosen on the shrub at the bottom of the plant and gently tilt it towards the ground.
- The end of the branch is slightly dripped into the moistened soil.
- In order for the shoot lowered to the ground to remain in this position, it is fixed with a bracket or a stone.
- The separated branch is watered on a par with the mother bush.
- With the onset of autumn, it is finally separated from the plant and transplanted.
Seeds
The plant blooms in May or early June, after which small white bolls form on the shoots. In the fall, they are harvested and seeds are extracted from them. At the same time, sowing is carried out immediately to a permanent place. After stratification of the planting material, it is better to postpone planting until the spring.
The seeds are buried in the ground by about 4-5 cm.
Seed propagation is the most laborious. The first shoots after sowing the seeds hatch after a few years, and the maximum growth is achieved in the best case in 10-12 years.
Protection against diseases and pests
Derain is a hardy plant, resistant to many diseases, however, it does not possess absolute immunity. Bushes can infect the following fungal infections:
- powdery mildew;
- light brown spotting;
- reddish-brown spotting;
- whitish spotting;
- dark brown spotting.
The defeat of plantings with spotting most often occurs in conditions of high humidity and heat in summer. Powdery mildew develops when the soil dries out and the nitrogen content in the garden is too high.
The following folk remedies have effectively proven themselves in the fight against fungus:
- soap solution with the addition of baking soda;
- garlic broth;
- decoction of horsetail.
Ordinary fungicides also cope well with these diseases.
Preventive measures to reduce the risk of planting with fungal infections include:
- seed treatment with potassium permanganate for seed propagation;
- disinfection of sharp objects used for trimming turf and propagation of shrubs by vegetative methods;
- periodic pruning of dried and broken shoots;
- landing in compliance with the recommended distances;
- cleaning of fallen leaves.
The plant practically does not attract insects, however, aphids and a comma-shaped scale can be distinguished as the main pests. Against them, the bushes are treated with an insecticide or a solution of laundry soap.
Conclusion
Even a beginner who does not know all the intricacies of gardening is capable of propagating dogwood. Moreover, independent propagation of this garden culture is much more economical than buying planting material in nurseries or from private individuals.
This unpretentious shrub will serve as a good decoration for the garden area throughout the year, due to its high frost resistance and decorative effect. Caring for the plant is also not difficult.When propagated by cuttings, cuttings or layering, a full-fledged plant can be obtained in a few years.
