Content
Lilac Krasnaya Moskva is a charming garden decoration that has won the hearts of flower growers for many decades. The variety is a real masterpiece of the breeder L.A. Kolesnikov.
Lilacs have always been loved in Russia. And today it is at the peak of its popularity. It is planted in parks, squares, in personal plots, dachas. It is difficult to imagine a spring garden without fragrant lilac bushes. Despite the unpretentiousness of the plant, planting and maintenance should be carried out correctly so that the flowering is annual and abundant.
Description of the variety of lilac Krasnaya Moskva
Common lilac Red Moscow is an ornamental deciduous shrub with a spreading crown. It reaches 4 m in height and 3 m in width. It is formed from wide, strong gray shoots. The annual growth of the bush is 20 cm.
The leaves of the plant are opposite, whole, heart-shaped, dark green. They remain this way until the leaves fall in late autumn.
Flowering begins in May. Red Moscow lilac buds are violet-purple. The flowers are large, as they bloom, they turn bright purple. In their center are bright yellow stamens. The petals are rounded, with slightly raised edges. Inflorescences are large panicles, very dense, slightly ribbed. Their size is 9 by 18 cm. The color has a strong lilac scent.
According to the description and photo, the red Moscow lilac variety has a remarkable feature - it is resistant to fading in the sun, despite the dark color of the petals.
The shrub is unpretentious in cultivation. Prefers sunny places, fertile soils and lack of close groundwater.
The winter hardiness of Krasnaya Moskva is very high. The culture is weakly susceptible to diseases and pests.
Reproduction methods
Several methods are used to reproduce varietal lilacs:
- cuttings;
- layering;
- vaccination;
- own rooted shoots.
According to reviews, the Red Moscow lilac is difficult to propagate by the cuttings method - due to poor rooting. Planting material is harvested during or after flowering. Cuttings are cut in the morning from young bushes, from the center of the crown. Part of the shoot with short internodes and two nodes is suitable for this purpose. Next, you need to perform a number of operations:
- Remove the leaves from the bottom of the cutting.
- Make an oblique cut closer to the bottom node.
- Cut the remaining leaves by half.
- Make a straight cut over the top knot.
- Soak the cuttings in a growth stimulant solution for 12 hours.
- Plant them (up to the first node) in a container with a mixture of sand, peat, cover with polyethylene and shade.
- Planting should be opened periodically and sprayed with water.
- After 2 months, when the roots appear on the cuttings, they should be transplanted into a separate growing bed.
Breeding by layering is as follows:
- Near the lilac bush Krasnaya Moskva make grooves 2 cm deep.
- Annual shoots are laid in furrows and fixed in several places.
- Then cover with a layer of loose soil.
- Several times over the summer, the shoots are spud.
- In the fall, the rooted layers are cut off from the mother plant and placed for growing.
- After 3 years, they are transferred to a permanent place.
Reproduction by grafting is a rather difficult method. The shoots of the current year are used for this, from which all leaves are removed. Cuttings should have one or two knots.They are grafted by the bark: they are tied with plastic wrap, the cut is treated with garden pitch, the stalk is closed with a bag. If the vaccination is done correctly, the kidneys begin to develop after 2 weeks.
The most reliable way of breeding Red Moscow lilacs is by root shoots. The best time for this is when the kidneys are swollen. The seedlings take root well and take root until the shoots grow.
Planting and leaving
When planting the decorative culture of lilac Red Moscow, several rules must be followed:
- deadlines;
- choosing the right soil structure;
- careful selection of the location of the shrub;
- exclusion of the possibility of placing a plant in a swampy or waterlogged area.
The place for lilacs should be sunny, well-lit. The shrub grows in the shade, but its flowering is not particularly splendid.
Red Moscow feels good on poor land, but much better on fertile and loose land with a neutral reaction.
Caring for the plant is simple: you need to water on time, spending up to 3 buckets of water under one adult bush, loosen the soil, remove weeds, and feed.
When to plant
Red Moscow lilac seedlings can be planted at different periods.
Spring planting is extremely unreliable, since it is necessary to be in time before the kidneys awaken. We have to hurry up because. even before the snow melts completely, the buds begin to grow. Florists who leave reviews about the common lilac Krasnaya Moskva note that in the spring it takes root badly and even after rooting it looks stunted and weak.
The most suitable time for planting is August-September. During this period, the plant stops vegetation and sap flow: the seedling has time to take root and prepare for wintering.
In late autumn, it is better to dig the plant in a secluded place until spring.
An unacceptable time for planting is the flowering period of the Krasnaya Moskva lilac. The adaptation will be long, while the result is not guaranteed.
Site selection and soil preparation
The best place for an ornamental shrub is well-lit, protected from cold, strong winds. Low, swampy or temporarily flooded places in autumn or spring are not at all suitable. Stagnant water leads to decay and death of the roots.
The soil for lilac Krasnaya Moskva should contain a large amount of humus, be of medium humidity, fertile, loose.
If it is poor in content, it is worth feeding with organic matter or fertilizers. Sandy soils are strengthened by adding black soil or alumina. Clay lightens with peat or leaf humus. With increased acidity of the soil, periodic introduction of ash, dolomite flour, and slaked lime is recommended.
How to plant
Based on the experience of gardeners and the presented photos, Red Moscow lilac bushes are planted on a selected site at a distance of 3 m from each other. The size of the planting pit depends on the characteristics of the soil. On fertile soil, its size should be no more than 50x50x50 cm. On a poor one - 100x100x100 cm. Humus or compost, ash and superphosphate are introduced into such a pit. The components are mixed. Landing is carried out in cloudy weather or in the evening. A lilac sapling Krasnaya Moskva should have a well-developed root system and crown. After shortening too long roots, it is placed in the center of the planting pit and, evenly distributing the roots, is covered with a substrate. The plant should be watered and mulched with peat.
Care rules
Planting a seedling from Krasnaya Moskva is completed by watering it. After absorbing water into the soil, the trunk circle is mulched with peat, rotted leaves, humus. Layer thickness - 7 cm. Loosening is carried out at least 4 times per season to a depth of no more than 7 cm. Nitrogen fertilization starts from the second year. Organic fertilizers and ash are effective.
Watering the plant should be frequent during the growth of shoots, flowering, in the heat.
Red Moscow lilac pruning begins in the third year of the bush's life, since before that it grows slowly. The goal is to form skeletal branches. In early spring, before the buds awaken, 5-10 good shoots are found near the bush, well and beautifully located, and the rest are removed. To prepare young plants for winter, the soil under them is additionally mulched, bringing the layer to 15 cm.
Diseases and pests
Lilac varieties Krasnaya Moskva are resistant to diseases and pests. Under unfavorable climatic conditions and violation of agricultural technology, the plant can be affected by a number of pathologies:
- milky shine: when cavities appear under the skin of the leaf, giving it a silvery tint;
- spotted: patterns appear on the leaf plates, which lead to their wilting;
- late blight: the buds do not bloom, turn black and dry out;
- bacterial shoot rot: spots appear on the shoots, leading to decay of the bark;
- mosaic: yellowing, twisting and drying of the leaves is observed;
- necrosis: which manifests itself in wet weather by wilting of the tips of the shoots.
Disease control measures consist in the removal and destruction of the affected branches, spraying with Bordeaux liquid.
The most dangerous pests of lilac varieties Krasnaya Moskva include:
- apple shield;
- lilac speckled moth;
- kidney mite;
- arboreal corrosive;
- leaf cutter bee.
Pest control consists in loosening the soil near the shrub, treating it with insecticides, attracting insectivorous birds to the site.
Application in landscape design
The beauty of the Krasnaya Moskva variety and unpretentiousness in caring for lilacs make it possible to use the shrub in the creation of a modern landscape. The crop can be shaped like a tree or left in its natural shrub form.
It looks great both in single plantings and in group, looks good next to conifers, but is lost near fruit and forest trees.
From the lilac Krasnaya Moskva, you can create magnificent hedges, alleys and entire gardens.
Traditionally, it is planted near gazebos, benches, windows of houses in order to enjoy not only its view, but also the scent of flowers.
Conclusion
Lilac Red Moscow is a bright beautiful variety of domestic selection, one of the world's seven best inflorescences with a purple color. It is not difficult to grow a shrub, caring for it is minimal, and the impressions of flowering are indescribable. Having once planted a lilac bush on your site, you can admire its view and enjoy the aroma all your life.
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