Content
The ringed cap is the only representative of the Rozites genus, the Webinnikov family, growing in Europe. The edible mushroom is found in the forests of mountainous and foothill areas. The fruit body has a good taste and smell, and is versatile in processing. The mushroom has several names: Rosites is dull, white pimples. In the people in each locality, the species has its own name: chicken, swallowtail, Turks.
What ringed caps look like
The mushroom got its name from the appearance of the fruiting body. The upper part resembles a dome, on the leg there is a ring from the place where the bedspread is attached.
A ringed cap is an unattractive mushroom; if you do not know the type, it is mistaken for a toadstool. It is not common.
The external characteristics of the ringed cap are as follows:
- At the time of the formation of the fruiting body, the cap is ovoid, the edges are concave, connected to the stem with a blanket. The surface is purple, there is a light waxy coating.
- As it grows, the veil breaks, leaving torn fragments of various shapes, the hat opens, becoming prostrate. The surface becomes smooth, with low air humidity, wrinkles appear in the central part, the edges are cracked. The upper part is covered with a cobweb-like, fibrous film.
- The color in adult specimens is yellow, ocher or light brown. The cap grows up to 10 cm in diameter.
- The plates are sparsely located, large, sagging edges with blunt teeth. At the beginning of growth, it is white, with time - dark yellow.
- The spore powder is dark brown.
- The pulp is loose, light yellow, soft, watery with a good taste and a pleasant mushroom smell.
- The leg is cylindrical in shape, tapering upwards. The structure is fibrous, rigid in adult specimens. The leg is solid, up to 10-15 cm long. Near the cap there is a tight-fitting ring with the remains of the bedspread, the surface is 1/3 of the mycelium covered with small flakes. The color is monochromatic, the same as the bottom of the cap.
The ringed cap contains a high concentration of protein, tastes like poultry meat; in European restaurants, the mushroom is served as a delicacy.
Where ringed caps grow
The main area of distribution of ringed caps is mountain forests. In the foothill areas located at least 2500 m above sea level, mushrooms are found in mixed forests. Ringed caps can exist only in symbiosis with tree species. Most often these are conifers, less often deciduous ones: beech, undersized birch, oak. In Russia, the main distribution of the ringed cap is noted in the Western and Central parts.
The species begins to form fruiting bodies in the middle of summer after heavy rainfall. The collection ends around the second decade of October. Mushrooms grow mostly singly. They are found on mossy or leafy pillows, in the shade of perennial trees or in blueberry thickets. For the biological development of ringed caps, high humidity and acidic soil are required.
Is it possible to eat ringed caps
The ringed cap belongs to the third category of edible mushrooms. The fruiting body has a pronounced taste, a spicy smell, well defined. There are no toxins in the composition, therefore, the mushrooms do not require additional processing before use. In older specimens, the flesh is tough, it is not used for culinary purposes.
The taste of the mushroom ringed cap
Ringed cap tastes as good as champignon, which has a high nutritional value. After cooking, the pulp of the fruiting body resembles chicken, this feature is reflected in the popular name - "chicken". After cooking, the product does not lose its spicy smell. The ringed cap is tasty with any processing method.
False doubles
It looks like a ringed cap cobweb white-purple.
It is a conditionally edible species with low gastronomic quality. It is distinguished by a bluish coloration of adult specimens; young mushrooms are very similar in appearance. The double has no ring on the fruit stem.
Stop vole - an inedible mushroom of a smaller size, with a fragile structure of the fruiting body.
It can grow in a bundle, which is not typical for Rosites dull. The stem is thin, elongated, without a ring, covered with a light bloom. The surface of the cap is sticky, dark yellow. The pulp is brittle, flabby, with an unpleasant powdery odor.
Polevik - a tough mushroom that does not have toxins in its chemical composition, but with a repulsive pungent odor that remains after processing.
The double is not used for culinary purposes. It is distinguished by the presence of a spider veil along the edge of the cap and the absence of a ring on the leg.
Fiber Patuillard Is a deadly poisonous mushroom.
At first glance, the species are similar; upon closer examination, the poisonous twin has a number of differences from the ringed cap:
- the presence of a reddish tint on the fruiting body;
- the place of the cut is immediately painted in a maroon color;
- there are longitudinal shallow grooves on the stem;
- the ring is missing;
- the plates are covered with a white coating in the form of fluff.
The differences in all twins are individual, they are united by a single sign - the absence of a dense ring.
Collection rules
With regard to the ringed cap, the main rule when collecting: not to be confused with similar poisonous counterparts. It is better to carry out the first collection under the supervision of experienced mushroom pickers who know the species well. Particular attention is paid to the moss bedding near pines and spruces. In a mixed forest, mushrooms grow in the shade, on moist rotten leaves under low-growing birches, less often oaks. They do not harvest in ecologically problematic areas, near industrial enterprises.
Use
Mushroom caps are suitable for any processing recipe. Fruiting bodies are washed well, the stem is cut off at the base, preliminary decoction and soaking are not required. Rozites dull is used to prepare any dishes that include mushrooms. Fruit bodies are ideal for pickling, pickling. Ringed caps are delicious pickled and dried.
Conclusion
The ringed cap is an edible species with thick, fragrant pulp. It is versatile in processing, suitable for any type of winter harvesting. Grows from mid-summer to October near coniferous and deciduous trees. Has poisonous counterparts, similar in appearance.
