Content
Transplanting currants to a new place in the spring is considered a forced procedure. Perform it only when there is a threat to further growth of the bush. If the transplant is not performed in a timely and competent manner, then the garden culture may die. At the same time, it is obvious that it is better to carry out the procedure in the spring, since this way the plant will receive less stress from manipulations in the absence of exposure to cold temperatures.
Why do you need to transplant currants
Changing the place of the berry bush in spring is required for a number of reasons. It is necessary to transplant red or black currants to a new place if:
- Rejuvenation or renewal required. For example, when the bush is old and you need to check its root system. Then the diseased, dry places are cut off. Young, healthy parts are used for further cultivation.
- The currant is distinguished by significant volumes and interferes with neighboring plants. Either tall trees create shade, which is bad for the condition and fruiting of the garden shrub. Sluggish growth is noticeable as a result of soil depletion.
- Redevelopment of the garden area is planned in the spring, a new place has been assigned to the currants.
- Raising groundwater. This option will not suit the plant, an excess of liquid will lead to decay of the roots, and in the future to irreversible consequences.
- It is recommended to transplant newly formed shoots.
Red and black currants are painfully transplanted in the spring. As a rule, the culture is sick for a long time. It often happens that the bush does not have enough strength to restore full development. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the climatic characteristics of the transplanting region, the annual cycle, and characteristic varietal characteristics.
When can you transplant currants
Gardeners believe that replanting black currants is best in the fall. It is at this time that intensive growth ends, the movement of juice slows down, and foliage is shed.
In this case, it is important to choose the right date for the procedure. The shrub should have about 20 days before frost in order to take root and calmly endure the winter. On the other hand, if you transplant currants early, it can "confuse" the season: it will release buds, which will die as a result of night frosts.
They start transplanting early in the spring, when the snow melts, and the average daily temperature will be in the range of 0-1 ° C. Another important fact is that by the time the place is changed, the buds should not swell on the currants. Therefore, the period for transplanting in the spring is short.
It is not advised to plant berry bushes in summer. The procedure is possible if there is no other way out. In the heat, the plant needs abundant watering to recuperate.
How to transplant currants
For successful rooting and further growth, it is important to choose the right site.Despite the fact that currants are considered an unpretentious plant, it is worth carefully preparing a place for transplanting in the spring.
Selection and preparation of the landing site
The main preferences of the berry bush:
- Smooth ground surface. The site on the slope is characterized by strong wind loads, lack of moisture. The lowlands are scary with a high accumulation of groundwater, which adversely affects the bark system.
- Illuminated place. Shade is possible only at lunchtime, when the sun's rays are most active.
- Equidistant from other berry bushes. The neighborhood can lead to mutual infection.
- Neutral or slightly acidic soil acidity level. Light loam is optimal for transplanting adult currant bushes. Otherwise, the desired structure and composition can be achieved through drainage, fertilizers, mulching.
- Free space. It is not recommended to plant a crop near a fence, large trees, buildings. The minimum distance is 1 m.
In the spring, before the transplant procedure, the soil should be prepared. The first step is to dig up the earth in order to destroy the fungal spores and pests that are in the upper layer. It will be necessary to remove garbage, weeds, stones from the site. It is advisable to perform preparatory procedures 10-20 days before the currant transplant.
Preparing bushes for transplanting
In the spring, during the transplantation of the black currant bush, the volume of the root system decreases, which in turn causes a number of problems with the nutrition of the vegetative part. Therefore, experienced gardeners recommend cutting the bushes 20-25 days before the proposed event. It is necessary to leave only shoots that are important for fruiting and development. The rest should be shortened by ½ the length. When transplanting currants in the spring, sanitary pruning can be done in the fall.
After removing the culture from the soil, the roots are carefully examined for rot or the presence of pests. Damaged areas should be removed and disinfected. If necessary, treat with fungicides or insecticides, respectively.
Rules for transplanting currant bushes in spring
The main stages of transplanting an old currant bush in the spring:
- Depressions of 70x70 cm are formed. The depth should not be less than 40 cm. The free space stimulates the growth of lateral root branches, which are the main source of nutrition for currants.
- The distance between the pits is 1.5 m for tall varieties. Otherwise, the plants will darken each other, the development will be defective.
- A drainage layer 15-20 cm thick is laid on the bottom.Crushed stone, broken brick is usually used.
- Next, humus is laid, which will feed the berry culture for 2 years. The decomposition period of organic matter is 4 years. For active growth, the necessary elements will be wood ash and superphosphate. Their currants require a large amount, therefore 150 g of substances are introduced into one hole.
- Sprinkle with earth on top so that there is no contact of the root system with fertilizers.
- The berry culture is dug in and removed to the surface. Do not pull on the branches as they can be damaged.
- Water is poured into the recess to make liquid mud. Currants are immersed in it and sprinkled with earth.
- The root collar is deepened by 8 cm. The soil is tamped a little so that voids do not form.
- The plant is mulched with needles, foliage or peat. The natural layer will prevent the soil from drying out for a long time.
- The first 5 days after transplanting to a new place, currant bushes in the spring must be abundantly moistened.
Features of transplanting black, white and red currants
The very principle of transplanting a berry bush is the same for all varieties.The differences lie in the further care and choice of the place of growth. Black currants are capable of bearing fruit in partial shade, while red and white currants need a bright sun.
Moisten the black variety in small portions, but often. Red and white varieties must be watered abundantly. It is undesirable to transplant red and black currants next to weeds.
Post-transplant care
Regardless of when the transplant took place, in spring or autumn, the first task is to remove the vegetation mass as much as possible. It is enough to leave 3 buds for reproduction. This will slow down development, allow the bush to slow down, get stronger.
For the first 10-14 days, it is worth organizing abundant watering. The water should be in the hole. The next year's harvest depends on the amount of moisture. However, the regime of water procedures must be returned to normal after the third week, otherwise the roots will rot.
During the first year, you should take care of the crown, correctly form it. Shoots should grow upward.
Experienced gardening tips
To minimize the risk of black or red currants drying out in a new place after transplanting, gardeners focus on certain nuances:
- It is not necessary to place new seedlings in areas where an old currant bush has recently been uprooted, since infection with fungi present in the soil is possible. Better to choose another place, to give the earth a little rest.
- Not far from the berry crop in spring, you can plant onions, garlic. They will protect against harmful insects. An unfavorable neighborhood is noted with raspberries, gooseberries. Do not place black and red varieties next to each other.
- In the spring after transplanting, it is imperative to shorten the shoots, otherwise the adaptation period will be extended.
- It is worth digging a new hole more than the previous one, so that it is possible to deepen the plant about 7-10 cm below.
- After a change of residence, in the future, abundant watering is needed for a quick recovery and a bountiful harvest. The soil around the horticultural crop must be moist.
- Excessive fertilization in the spring can damage the plant. When feeding, it is important to strictly follow the instructions on the package.
- It is not recommended to replant an old bush that is about 15 years old. It must be removed by first propagating by layering or cuttings.
Conclusion
Transplanting currants to a new place in the spring is an unbearable procedure. You need to choose spring or autumn, based on the climatic characteristics of the planting region. Observing simple rules, as a result, you can get a lush bush and a full harvest of berries.
