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On a small plot, gardeners are trying to save every meter of land. Sometimes shrubs and trees are planted so that there is no free passage between them. But different breeds are not always prone to a favorable neighborhood. Now we will try to figure out what is the compatibility of fruit trees and shrubs in the garden with each other, as well as with coniferous representatives of the flora.
Compatibility table
When setting up a garden in the yard, it is important to know the compatibility of different varieties of fruit trees. Crohn highlights his "secret". So, highlighting one tree can harm the neighboring shrub. The root system has its own laws. In some trees it goes deeper, in others it develops on the surface. The roots are wide and narrow. A powerful root system always suppresses the weak, prevents it from developing, which affects the oppression of the plant.
Another factor of an unfavorable neighborhood is the size of the crown. Suppose the root system of a tree with a shrub does not interfere with each other's development. And what happens to the above-ground part? The wide crown of the tree completely covered the shrubbery. As a result, a decrease in yield is observed. The twigs of the shrub are twisted, the leaves are small, sluggish, sometimes with yellowness. Lack of light from strong shading is just as bad as a poor neighborhood of roots.
Planting plantations at an optimal distance and taking into account the compatibility of fruit crops allows you to get a good harvest. Varieties can be selected so that trees with shrubs will protect each other from various pests.
A special table of compatibility of fruit trees in the garden has been developed, which makes it easier for the gardener to develop a planting plan.
Red squares indicate an undesirable neighborhood of cultures. Ideal neighbors are marked in green. The table displays only the proximity of crops in terms of belonging to a certain group, for example: apple, pear, apricot, etc. Individuals when planting consider varietal characteristics that affect the size of the crown and roots. So, if you plant two tall cherries next to it, and between them a dwarf variety, of course, a small tree will be drowned out by the spreading crown of neighbors.
Factors affecting crop compatibility
A useful compatibility chart for fruit trees and shrubs may not always be at hand. The gardener himself must clearly know what factors affect the proximity of crops:
- Sunbeams and daylight. Crops growing nearby should not overshadow each other.
- Free ground. The root system needs freedom to grow, access to water and nutrients. Plantings coexist well when the roots of one culture grow in depth, and another in breadth.
- Nutrients. Each crop or variety requires specific nutrients. Some trees need nitrogen or potassium, while other shrubs do not tolerate these components. Neighboring crops should accept the same fertilizer favorably.
- Allocation of "secret" - allelopathy.The substance secreted by the crown can positively and negatively affect the neighbor. In the first case, ideal compatibility looms, since both cultures will be comfortable. In the second case, the dominant neighbor will destroy a shrub or other fruit tree that cannot tolerate the secreted "secret".
Taking into account all the factors, a table was developed that determines the compatibility of fruit trees and shrubs in close proximity.
Who is better next door to whom
The best compatibility of fruit trees with each other is observed when the same species are adjacent. A pear grows well next to a pear, a cherry - next to a cherry or a sweet cherry, etc. However, in a private yard there is no way to separate several gardens with one type of crops. Why should a person who is not engaged in commercial activities, for example, 10 pears, 15 plums, 13 apple trees.
In the yard, they usually try to plant 1-2 trees or shrubs of various types, so that there are enough fruits for their own consumption. To achieve such results, crops are planted in the neighborhood with approximately the same growing requirements. When planting seedlings, their further growth is taken into account. Branches of mature trees should not intertwine or shade berry bushes.
For whom is the apple tree a friend
Considering the compatibility of fruit trees and shrubs in the garden, the apple tree can be called the worst neighbor. All berry bushes will be oppressed under the tree. The wide crown will completely block out sunlight and daylight. The roots of the apple tree are so branched that the root system of the berry bush will not have room for development, as well as nutrients.
You can plant raspberries next to a young apple tree. In the early growing season, good compatibility of fruit and berry crops appears until the crown of the tree grows. Raspberry roots loosen the soil. The apple tree receives more oxygen, gains immunity, and develops. After the growth of the crown, the raspberries are transplanted. The light-loving shrub grows poorly in the shade and bears fruit.
Any stone fruit trees from the apple tree are planted at a distance of at least 4 m. It is advisable to remove any sort of nut as much as possible on the other side of the garden.
Who is and is not friendly with pear
If an apple tree tolerates the neighborhood of a pear at a distance of 4 m, then for the latter culture such friendship is not pleasant. The pear tolerates compatibility with mountain ash, and currants are liked from shrubs.
Most pear varieties require pollinators. To solve the problem, two different varieties are usually planted side by side, if the neighbors do not have the same tree. You can plant different varieties on an adult pear. Then one tree is enough on the site, and a compatible neighbor is planted next to it.
What can be said about cherries
The cherry root system has the unique ability to grow rapidly in the topsoil. Young growth instantly spreads over the site. Make friends with cherries cherries or plum. Poor berry bushes compatibility. Superficial roots have little room for development and the bushes will disappear. The red-fruited mountain ash will take root badly with cherries.
Who will the sea buckthorn take as neighbors?
The compatibility of fruit trees in the garden with sea buckthorn is good. However, the culture is considered aggressive. Sea buckthorn grows rapidly, sprouts growth, due to which it easily oppresses all neighbors. The length of the sea buckthorn roots sometimes reaches enormous sizes. So that the nearby growing trees do not suffer, when planting a seedling, the borders are assigned to the root system. At a distance of several meters from the sea buckthorn trunk, slate or any other solid material is dug in.
What the beautiful currant loves
Currant bushes do not like to grow under any trees. Young twigs are weak, curved and can be broken off arbitrarily. Red and black varieties are incompatible. This is due to the requirement for different lighting levels. Red currants love the sun. Bushes with golden berries can be planted near the black-fruited variety. You cannot plant raspberries next to them, as they oppress the currants.
What are the gooseberry preferences
Red currants and gooseberries are the best neighbors. The compatibility is so close that the bushes can be planted alternately. Remove black currants from gooseberries. Berry bushes have one common pest - moth. In order not to tempt the enemy, it is better to refuse such a neighborhood.
Gooseberries work well with pears and plums. However, the bushes should not be covered with tree crowns. The gooseberry loves the sun.
Queen of the garden raspberry
The light-loving shrub takes root in almost any area. Large trees oppress raspberries, but they themselves are not a gift. The developed root system will clog any nearby growing shrub. For raspberries, it is ideal to select a separate area and plant in rows.
Proudly weaving grapes
The compatibility of bushes and fruit trees in the garden with grapes is good. A particularly friendly neighborhood is obtained with a pear and an apple tree. Bushes of grapes with cherries, raspberries and cherries take root well, but the root system will have little room for development. I really don't like the presence of quince or any kind of nut.
Neighborhood of fruit and coniferous plantations
If we consider the compatibility of conifers and fruit trees in the garden, then there are no options here. Ate oxidize the soil, draw out many useful substances, just like birch. Stone fruit trees do not like acidic soil. Conifers can be planted in resting places, somewhere outside the garden around the perimeter of the site. Fern grows well near firs.
The video tells about the compatibility of fruit trees:
Many gardeners determine the compatibility of fruit and berry crops empirically. Favorable neighborhood may depend on varietal characteristics, soil composition, climate and other factors. If there is a lot of space on the site and there is a desire to experiment, you can plant similar types of crops next to it. Replace trees or shrubs that have not taken root with other plantings.
