Content
Kirkazon clematis or ordinary - herbaceous perennial. The plant is a member of the Kirkazonov family. The culture is moisture-loving, therefore it prefers to grow in swampy areas, near water bodies and on constantly moist soils. Kirkazon clematitis (Aristolochia clematitis) is used by many gardeners for landscaping areas. In addition, the medicinal properties of liana are known, which increases its popularity. In different sources, you can find other names for the clematis-like Kirkazon - such as sword-grass, kokornik, pkhinovnik, fever grass.
Lateral branches of a clematis perennial grow extremely rarely.
Botanical description of the species
Ordinary Kirkazon, as seen in the photo, is classified as a perennial herbaceous vines. The plant forms an erect, slightly sinuous stem, the height of which varies between 50-90 cm. At the same time, it branches slightly, its surface is smooth.
The leaves of Kirkazon clematis are simple, medium-sized, rounded or heart-shaped. Arranged alternately on the stem. The length of the plates reaches 10 cm, and the width is about 6-8 cm. The leaves have long petioles, with the help of which they are fixed to the main stem. They have a matte surface, green, there is a slight roughness along the edge. A short edging can be seen on the back of the plates.
The root of this plant is thick, creeping. It is located in the topsoil. The flowers of the kirkazon clematis are in the form of a jug of yellow shade. They appear from the bases of the leaves and can be single and 2-3 pcs. at the same time. The flowering period begins in May and lasts 20-30 days, depending on growing conditions.
The first flowering of Kirkazon clematis occurs at the age of 5 years
At the end of flowering, fruits are tied on the liana in the form of a pear-shaped hanging box, which in appearance resembles a miniature pumpkin. Inside it are wrinkled seeds. They ripen at the end of August under favorable conditions.
Distribution area
Liana is widespread in temperate countries in Europe, North America, Asia and even Africa. In Russia, the clematis clematis can be found in natural conditions in the Caucasus and the south of the European part.
The plant prefers to settle on the banks of rivers, in ravines, on the edges of the forest under the shade of bushes, in flooded meadows. If desired, the vine can be grown in the country and in the garden.
Application in landscape design
Kirkazon clematis is often used as an element of landscape design. Its leaves can successfully mask unsightly shady areas in the garden, and thereby give them a well-groomed look. The advantage of this perennial is that it can grow in places where many horticultural crops fail and die.
A successful combination of Kirkazon clematis with such garden crops:
- tall conifers;
- ornamental shrubs with bare shoots below;
- lilac;
- the dicenter.
Liana is well suited for filling the background in a flower bed.
Reproduction methods
For reproduction of Kirkazon clematis, seeds, cuttings, layering and division of the rhizome can be used. The first method is the most time consuming, therefore it is used extremely rarely. It is also not very popular, since the seeds of Kirkazon clematis rarely reach the required maturity.
For the second method, it is necessary to cut annual shoots into pieces 20 cm long in the spring. Each of them should have 2-3 internodes. Cuttings of Kirkazon clematis should be planted in a moistened mixture of sand and peat, deepening to the first pair of leaves. To make them take root faster, they need to be covered with a transparent cap. It is possible to plant young seedlings in a permanent place only next spring.
Reproduction of clematis kirkazon by layering is considered one of the easiest ways. To do this, you need to make a longitudinal ditch 10 cm deep at the base of the vine. You need to put one of the shoots in it, sprinkle it with earth, leaving only the top. For rooting, the soil must be kept slightly moist at all times. It is possible to separate a new seedling from the mother plant only the next year.
For reproduction of the clematis clematis by dividing the root, it is necessary to dig up the plant in early spring or autumn. Clear the underground part of the earth, and then cut it with a shovel. Each of them should have a well-developed root division and 1 shoot. After that, immediately disembark at a permanent place.
Planting and leaving
For Kirkazon clematis, it is necessary to select slightly shaded areas. The plant is not very demanding on the composition of the soil, but prefers a neutral level of acidity. Also, for the full development of Kirkazon clematis, good aeration of the soil is necessary, otherwise its root will begin to rot and the plant will die.
In one place, a clematis liana can grow up to 30 years
Landing terms and rules
Planting the plant should be carried out in the spring, namely in mid-April or early May, as well as in the fall - in the first half of September.
For kirkazon clematis, you need to prepare a landing pit 60 by 60 cm in size. Lay a layer of broken brick 10 cm thick on the bottom of it, and then sprinkle it with a little sand. Fill the rest of the space with a soil mixture of turf, sand, clay and humus in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1. You also need to add 100 g of wood ash and mix thoroughly.
Planting kirkazon clematis is carried out according to the standard scheme. After the procedure, the plant must be watered abundantly and the soil surface at the base must be mulched with humus. This will prevent crust formation, moisture and air access to the roots.
Care features
This culture is not very demanding to care for. Since Kirkazon clematis loves moisture, in the absence of regular rains, it must be watered periodically. This should be done 1-2 times a week, depending on the rate of evaporation. During a prolonged drought, it is also necessary to wash the leaves of Kirkazon clematis by sprinkling, which will saturate them with moisture and wash away dust from the surface.
It is also necessary to periodically loosen the soil at the base and remove weeds in a timely manner so that they do not take up nutrients.
Once a season, you need to apply organic matter for Kirkazon clematis. Fertilizer is best applied during the active growing season in spring or in the first half of summer.
Preparing for winter
The adult liana of Kirkazon clematis is distinguished by a high level of frost resistance and does not suffer from a drop in temperature to -30 degrees. But young seedlings are not so resistant. Therefore, until the age of 3 years, they need to be covered for the winter.
To do this, lay mulch at the base of the plant made of peat and humus 5 cm thick, and additionally pour fallen leaves on top.
Diseases and pests
This culture is susceptible to pests and diseases, like all other vines. In order to prevent massive damage, it is necessary to periodically inspect the plant.
Possible problems:
- Spider mite. A small pest that cannot be seen with the naked eye. You can recognize the defeat of Kirkazon clematis by the depressed appearance of the plant, small yellow dots along the edge of the plates and a cobweb at the tops of the shoots. For destruction it is necessary to use Actellik acaricide.
- Aphid. The insect forms whole colonies, which feed on the juice of Kirkazon clematis. The accumulation can be found on the back of the plates and on young shoots. As a result of the lesion, the leaves are deformed, and the growth of the vine stops. To fight, you should use "Inta-Vir".
- Root rot. The provoking factor of development is prolonged stagnation of moisture in the soil in cool weather. As a result, the root of the clematis kirkazon rots, and the shoots turn brown at the base, the plant eventually dies. You can save at the initial stage of development. It is necessary to pour Kirkazon clematis with the preparation "Maxim" or "Previkur".
- Powdery mildew. It is characterized by a white bloom on the surface of the leaves of the clematis clematis, which subsequently becomes dirty gray. It interferes with photosynthesis and metabolic processes, so the plates initially bend up, and then completely fade. For treatment, you need to use the fungicide "Skor".
Healing properties
Kirkazon clematis is one of the poisonous plants, since its parts contain alkaloids. Despite this, it is widely used in folk medicine, as it has a healing effect when used correctly.
Shoots and leaves, as well as the rhizome of Kirkazon clematis are used as medicinal raw materials. Aboveground parts must be harvested in spring and summer during the growing season. The root should be dug up in the fall, since by this time it accumulates the maximum amount of nutrients. After collecting, the raw material must be crushed into pieces and dried at a temperature of + 50- + 60 degrees.
Means based on the root of Kirkazon clematis have a bactericidal and wound healing effect. They also have diuretic and choleretic properties, they help to relax the muscles of the uterus, improve the work of the heart muscle.
Means based on leaves and shoots of kirkazon clematis are used for sputum discharge, increased sweating, as well as for painful menstruation. When used externally, they are effective for treating boils, eczema, and itchy skin.
The use of clematis Kirkazon in folk medicine
Kirkazon clematis is not used in traditional medicine. Therefore, before starting therapy with folk remedies based on it, you need to consult with your doctor.
Effective recipes:
- Broth. Pour 30 g of dried shoots and leaves of kirkazon clematis with 250 ml of water, boil for 10 minutes, not letting it boil too much. Cool, peel, use to treat skin diseases. Apply lotions every 2 hours until the situation improves.
- Infusion. Pour the crushed roots (3 g) with warm boiled water (250 ml), leave for 4 hours, stir occasionally. At the end of the waiting period, clear.Take 4 times a day, 20 ml for gout, diseases of the digestive organs and at an early stage of hypertension. The course of treatment is 4 days.
- Tincture. Pour in ½ tsp. collecting herb kirkazon lomonosovidny 100 ml of vodka. Soak in a glass container in the dark for 7 days, shaking the container occasionally. Then strain and take 20 drops three times a day for painful periods and diseases of the respiratory system, to strengthen the immune system. The course of therapy is 5 days.
Shelf life of medicinal raw materials Kirkazon lomonosovidny - 2 years
Limitations and contraindications
When using Kirkazon clematis for medicinal purposes, care must be taken. In some cases, the plant can be harmful to health.
The main contraindications for use:
- individual intolerance to the component;
- chronic diseases of the digestive system during an exacerbation;
- age up to 14 years;
- dysfunction of the kidneys, liver.
When using folk remedies based on Kirkazon clematis, it is difficult to calculate the dosage in each specific case, taking into account the concomitant diseases. Therefore, this must be done by the attending physician.
Conclusion
Kirkazon clematis is a liana that can fit into any landscape design and disguise unsightly areas in the garden. At the same time, the plant does not require special care, therefore it does not cause additional trouble for the grower. In addition, the culture can be beneficial to health if the medicinal raw materials are used and stored correctly.
