Content
Beans contain many beneficial substances. Beans contain proteins, carbohydrates, sugars, vitamins, and trace elements. It can be vegetable and grain. In vegetable beans, the shells and grains are eaten, in grain beans, only beans, because the shells contain coarse fibers. Unlike vegetable beans, beans can be stored for a long time without freezing.
Characteristics of the bean variety "Mavka"
Grain variety "Mavka", developed for growing in regions with unstable rainfall. Easily tolerates short-term drought. The plant is resistant to damage by caryopsis, bacteriosis, anthracnose. The variety is suitable for mechanized harvesting.
The plant is short, up to 60 cm long, has a good foliage. The variety is of an indeterminate type, the shape of the bush is erect. Beans "Mavka" are highly resistant to lodging and shedding of beans. The top of the bush curls a little. The pods are yellowish, the beans are oval, white, with a faint marble pattern. The grain is distinguished by high taste properties, it boils well.
The variety is mid-season, the duration of the growing season is 105 days.
Rules for growing the bean variety "Mavka"
Careful seed preparation is required before sowing. The seed is treated with a tank mixture that contains fungicides, pesticides, growth stimulants. Most often, soaking is used, in some cases it is possible to spray the seeds.
To obtain a good harvest, it is advisable to use crop rotation. The best precursors for growing legumes are the following crops:
- corn;
- potatoes;
- cereals;
- cucumber;
- tomato.
Sowing is usually carried out in early May, when the threat of damage to seedlings by recurrent frosts has passed. Sown in poorly heated soil, seeds and plants are often affected by various fungal and bacterial diseases. Seedlings die at an air temperature of -1 degrees. Planting depth of seeds - up to 7 cm.
The first shoots appear in 1-2 weeks, depending on the planting depth. If necessary, weeding and thinning of the rows are carried out. When the fourth true leaves appear in young plants, the first fertilizing with minerals is carried out. It is preferable to use complex fertilizers that contain all trace elements vital for the plant.
Leguminous plants are demanding on a sufficient amount of moisture, in the absence of precipitation, watering is carried out every 7-10 days. The Mavka variety tolerates drought and waterlogging well if they do not last long. But it must be borne in mind that all unfavorable factors slow down the development of plants and ultimately affect the yield.
During flowering and the formation of ovaries, it is advisable to carry out mineral fertilizing and treat the plants with insecticides.
The most productive pods are the bottom ones. They are located no higher than 14 cm. Studies have shown that the height of the lower beans in a plant depends only on the characteristics of the variety by 30%. The main influence on the height of the location is exerted by environmental factors.
Harvesting begins when the pod becomes dry and cracks easily. It should be borne in mind that the lower pods ripen earlier. During wet weather, beans that are not harvested in time can be affected by various types of rot.
The use of fertilizers for the "Mavka" bean variety
Gradually, even in the richest soil, the amount of nutrients decreases. To get a rich harvest, you need to fertilize the soil on time. The amount of trace elements required for a plant is calculated according to the description of application rates for different types of fertilizers.
Nitrogen
The plant is very responsive to the application of a sufficient amount of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil. Natural sources of organic nutrients, such as manure, can be used. The best harvest is obtained the next year after the introduction of organic matter. From chemical preparations, it is advisable to choose those that do not contain sodium. Fertilizer is applied to the soil during autumn processing or during spring feeding.
Potassium and magnesium
Lack of potassium and magnesium slows down the development of plants, stops flowering and the formation of ovaries. The lower leaves turn yellow and fall. To avoid a deficiency of trace elements in plants, it is necessary to regularly apply fertilizers. The first introduction is carried out after the emergence of the fourth true leaf in the shoots. Repeat during flowering, pod formation, bean ripening.
Phosphorus
The bean root system is able to assimilate phosphorus even from hard-to-reach compounds, so phosphate flour can be used instead of superphosphate.
Conclusion
Growing beans is not very difficult. With very little effort, you can get a versatile product that is healthy, tasty and satisfying.
