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Lemon Jubilee appeared in Uzbekistan. Its author is the breeder Zainiddin Fakhrutdinov, he received a new large-fruited citrus by crossing the Tashkent and Novogruzinsky varieties.
Description of the variety
Lemon of the Yubileiny variety is an evergreen plant, the height of which does not exceed 1.5 m. The variety belongs to large-fruited, intended for indoor cultivation. Abundant flowering in clusters. Sometimes bouquet branches appear at the expense of growth. The seedling grows well without rootstock, on its own roots. The crown is compact, it is formed by pruning. The shoots are strong, directed upwards, and can bend under the weight of the fruit. Rapid development requires warmth, good lighting and high humidity.
Leaves are oblong, dense, glossy, bright green in color, located on short petioles. Due to their large size, they look decorative. The peculiarity of the Yubileiny lemon is that milky-white, fragrant flowers and fruits ripen on it at the same time.
The fruits are large, weighing from 200 to 800 g, with a pleasant sour taste, without bitterness. The peel is yellow, of medium thickness. The pulp is light yellow, very juicy, with a large number of seeds, has a pronounced grapefruit aroma. Lemons ripen for 8-10 months, it all depends on lighting and care. A garter of shoots is required during the ripening of the crop. The tree begins to bloom and bear fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation. It is better to cut off green ovaries before 4 years of age until the seedling gains strength for full fruiting.
The Jubilee lemon shown in the photo above is a remontant one, it can bloom and bear fruit several times a year. The Yubileiny variety is resistant to unfavorable conditions, the plant is unpretentious to the soil, lighting, humidity and temperature, but gratefully responds to care.
Lighting is of great importance for the Jubilee lemon. It grows and bears fruit best on the sunny side. The soil should be slightly acidic, about 6 pH, ready-made citrus soil can be bought at the store. Lemon of the Yubileiny variety develops unevenly, it has a period when new branches and leaves are formed very actively. A dormant time comes to replace, when active growth is imperceptible, and the wood matures. The seasonal change in temperature is important: above 18 ° C in summer and about 14 ° C in winter.
In the spring, the Jubilee lemon variety is transplanted. The balance between the volume of the root system and the soil is important for normal development. If there is too much soil in the planting container, it sour, the roots begin to rot. Therefore, the diameter of the pot is increased gradually during transplantation.
In summer, the Jubilee lemon can be taken out into the garden and placed in the shade of a tree. It is better to close the pot with some kind of material so that it does not overheat. The tree must be sprayed early in the morning, it loves high humidity. In the summer, this can be done every day, and in the winter, as needed. Room humidity should be around 70%.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the Jubilee variety are:
- earlier fruiting;
- abundant flowering;
- large fruit size.
Lemon Jubilee is unpretentious, responds well to feeding and a favorable microclimate, but it can bear fruit even with minimal care.
The disadvantages include slow growth of new shoots with abundant flowering.
Breeding methods
Pitted lemons do not retain varietal characteristics. These seedlings can be used as a rootstock.The graft is taken from the Jubilee lemon, which is already bearing fruit. Places of cuts are treated with garden varnish.
The order of growing seedlings of lemon varieties Yubileiny:
- the bone is removed from the fruit, dried in the air for several hours;
- then they are planted in the ground and watered;
- sprouts will appear in about 3 weeks;
- when the seedlings are a month old, they are seated in individual containers.
It is easier to grow a seedling from a cutting.
You can make a greenhouse from a 2-liter plastic bottle. To do this, it is cut horizontally into 2 parts. Drainage holes are made in the lower half, a layer of expanded clay and soil is poured.
Instructions for rooting a lemon stalk of the Yubileiny variety:
- Fill the planting container with citrus soil mixed with coarse sand.
- The stalk is cut with a length of about 10 cm, the lower leaves are cut off, the cut under the lower bud is renewed.
- Put in the solution of "Kornevin" for 1 day, then put in a greenhouse.
- The wide top leaf of the cutting is cut in half to reduce moisture evaporation.
- The stem is deepened into the ground by 2-3 cm.
- Water with "Heteroauxin", close the greenhouse with the upper, cut-off part of the bottle.
- Drain the drained liquid from the pallet.
- Once every 2 days, the stalk is ventilated by unscrewing the cap on the bottle.
- Rooting will occur in about a month.
- Jubilee lemon will begin to bear fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation.
Citrus fruits are propagated by seeds, cuttings and grafting. With seed reproduction, you should not expect the appearance of fruits; you will need to graft a fruiting branch onto the seedling. Only an experienced grower can properly inoculate.
When propagated by cuttings, all varietal characteristics are preserved, the Yubileiny lemon variety quickly enters the season of fruiting. So the best way to reproduce at home is by cuttings.
Landing rules
A week after buying a young lemon of the Yubileiny variety, it needs to be transplanted into a new pot and fresh soil by the transfer method. You cannot buy a seedling with a bare root system, it will not take root. Jubilee lemon needs an annual spring transplant before flowering. Old plants in large pots are transplanted 1 time in 2-3 years or simply change the topsoil.
Procedure:
- For transplantation, take a container 2-3 cm larger in diameter than the previous one.
- Drainage is poured at the bottom with a layer of 4 cm, on top - part of the soil.
- When transplanting, the earthen lump around the roots is not destroyed.
- If the Jubilee lemon sapling is small, hold the trunk between your fingers and take it out of the pots along with the earth.
- Shake off the crumbling soil and place an earthen lump with roots in the center of the new planting container.
- Add fresh soil and tamp, lightly tapping the pot on a hard surface.
- It is well watered and placed in diffused light.
Observe the development of a young lemon of the Yubileiny variety. When the roots appear from the drainage hole, they are moved to a larger pot, without waiting for spring.
Lemon Jubilee care at home
In summer, the temperature should be between 18 and 26 ° C. These conditions are ideal for the formation of flowers. In winter, it is advisable to keep the room temperature around 14 ° C. Lemon Jubilee can be placed on an insulated loggia or a cool windowsill. At the roots and crown, the heating should be the same. If the floor is cold or, conversely, heated, the pot must be raised on a support so that the heat is evenly distributed.
Bright, diffused light is useful in spring and fall. In summer, the Jubilee lemon should be shaded from the hot, midday rays of the sun. In winter, additional lighting is needed, otherwise the leaves will begin to crumble. The air humidity should be increased, about 70%, you can use a humidifier or spray regularly.
The earth must not be poured and overdried, so that mycorrhiza does not die. To check soil moisture, you can use a special device - an indicator. If the arrow is in the center, then the Yubileiny lemon will wait another day with watering, if you deviate to the left, watering is necessary.
Trimming the top of a 2-year-old lemon sapling Jubilee is carried out in January. In about a month, young shoots will begin to grow from the awakened 3-4 lateral buds. A year later, when the new branches are ripe, they are cut off again, leaving 3-4 internodes, this is how the branching of the 3rd order continues.
In the spring, a lemon of the Yubileiny variety, which has reached the age of 5, is washed from the soil to remove accumulated salts. To do this, remove the top layer of earth to the roots in the pot. Then it is poured over with warm filtered water. A yellow liquid will begin to flow through the drain. Continue watering until clean water flows into the pan. Then they take the pots with lemon to their place, and add fresh soil.
It is advisable to pick off the first flowers. If the Jubilee lemon has bloomed, it should have at least 30 well-developed leaves for successful fruiting. Adult plants regulate the yield themselves, shedding all excess ovaries. In citrus fruits, flowers are bisexual, but to ensure the appearance of fruits, you can help in pollination with a soft brush.
During active growth and flowering, when ovaries appear, the Jubilee lemon needs intensive feeding. There are specialized humic fertilizers for lemons. They have an organic basis - compost and chicken manure with the addition of trace elements. Before use, the drug is diluted in water (1 tablespoon per 1 liter of water or in accordance with the instructions) and insisted for at least 2 hours. Top dressing is carried out 1 time in 2 weeks.
Pests and diseases
An adult lemon of the Yubileiny variety is bought in the store carefully; careful care will be required.
A sick lemon Jubilee is treated with an insecticide, transplanted into fresh soil. A transparent plastic bag is put on the crown, aired daily. After 5 days, the top of the bag is cut off, then removed completely. The fruits must be removed so as not to overload the tree.
Pests can slow down growth and reduce yields:
- They do great harm scabbardsunable to walk. Insects attach to leaves and feed on plant sap. To fight the drug "Aktara" is used, pouring the Jubilee lemon under the root. It is advisable to collect the insects first by hand using a cotton swab moistened with salicylic alcohol.
- Spider mite appears on the Jubilee lemon most often. It is brought in with new cuttings or flowers cut into a bouquet. A cobweb can be seen on a diseased plant between the shoots. Tick treatment is carried out with Fitoverm. The drug has no effect on eggs, so the spraying is repeated after 5 days.
- Mushroom gnats and mealybugs start up from excessive watering. Pests can be eliminated with systemic insecticides.
Dark spots on the leaves can appear when the tree is overfeeded or infected with a sooty fungus. Lemon Jubilee is susceptible to various fungal diseases, which are perfectly eliminated by the fungicide "Fitosporin" when spraying and watering at the root. Preventive treatments can be carried out with a soapy solution.
With excessive watering, the roots will rot. Necrotic spots are formed on the leaves, they begin to fall off. It is necessary to rinse the roots, remove all rotten parts by cutting off with pruning shears, dust with crushed coal and plant in new soil.
Conclusion
Lemon Jubilee bears fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation. With good care of the plant, it will live a long time, and the fruits will be large.
Throughout the year, you need to carry out regular watering and feeding, destroy pests in time, form a crown and transplant the plant into fresh, fertile soil.
