Content
Planting and caring for tree peonies in the Moscow region does not require complex knowledge and skills, their cultivation is within the power of even novice gardeners. The principles of agricultural technology are based on timely weeding, loosening of the soil, and fertilization. Strict adherence to the recommendations for preparing the shrub for winter will preserve its blooming appearance for many years.
With proper care, a peony bush can grow for more than 50 years in one place.
Features of growing tree peonies in the Moscow region
Treelike peony is a tall, dense shrub with large (up to 25 cm in diameter) double or semi-double flowers of various shades. The plant is not whimsical. It is successfully cultivated throughout Russia.
Growing tree peonies in the Moscow region is based on simple principles:
- high-quality planting material;
- ensuring sufficient soil moisture in summer (watering in dry summer months);
- regular fertilization;
- frost protection;
- timely pruning and rejuvenation of the shrub to prevent the development of diseases and pest infestation.
Shrub can be planted in partial shade
With proper care, flowering occurs 2–3 years after planting and can last up to 50–70 years.
The best varieties of tree peonies for the Moscow region
In the suburbs, you can plant a wide variety of peonies. They easily take root, bloom profusely, tolerate winters well. Due to their unpretentiousness, frost-resistant shrubs are used in landscape design.
The tree-like peonies of the following varieties are recognized as the best for the Moscow region:
- "August Dessert" with pale pink double or semi-double buds;
- Vesuvius - purple-red flowers remain open for up to 14–20 days;
- "Maria" - delicate double buds with a pink heart;
- "Hoffman" - frost-resistant variety with large double pink flowers; is one of the first to dissolve;
- "Blue Lagoon" - tall peony with bluish-pink buds;
- "Spring Waltz" - early flowering, spreading shrub with a short flowering period (5–7 days);
- Kuindzhi - one of the best varieties with spreading yellow inflorescences.
Frost-resistant tree peonies are recognized as the most unpretentious in care, cultivation and reproduction for the Moscow region:
- "Blue Sapphire" - grows quickly, blooms for a long time, withstands frosts down to -40 degrees;
- "Scarlet Sails" - one of the first to blossom (in mid-May), releases up to 70 buds per season;
- "The Jade Princess" - undersized, spreading shrub with lush white flowering.
Breeders have bred more than 200 tree varieties of peonies, any of which, following the recommendations, can be grown independently
Planting and caring for a tree peony in the Moscow region
Peonies do not tolerate transplants or movements around the site, so it is important to immediately determine the location.
Recommended timing
The conditions of the Moscow region make it possible to plant peonies of tree-like varieties in open ground both in spring and in autumn. Planting dates depend on the established weather and the type of seedlings:
- shoots with a closed root system can be rooted from May throughout the year. Such plants bloom for 2 years already;
- it is advisable to plant young shrubs with an open root system in the fall (end of August – September). Spring planting will lead to abundant growth of green mass, slowing down the beginning of flowering.
Seedlings with an open root system will bloom for 3-4 years
Failure to comply with the landing dates is dangerous for a fragile shrub. In the spring, young shoots can die from recurrent frosts, they develop worse, they do not grow well. Plants taken out into the open ground in October do not tolerate winter well and weaken.
Site selection and soil preparation
Treelike varieties of peonies thrive in dry, elevated areas with diffused light. Free spaces between garden trees, a space in front of a house or a fence will do. This protection will also keep the plant from wind and draft.
At the same time, too close arrangement of tall neighbors can lead to a reduction in the number of buds and the flowering period. The optimum distance is 1.5–2 m between plants.
Swampy soil with closely spaced groundwater is not desirable for the location of the shrub. It is necessary to organize good drainage or planting in a high flower bed.
The splendor and duration of flowering depends on the composition of the soil. For planting, it is advisable to choose a site with slightly acidic loamy soil. The clay substrate is diluted with ash or coarse sand. The acidity is regulated with lime.
Landing algorithm
For planting a tree peony on a site in the Moscow region, a deep hole is prepared, at least 90 cm deep.Then:
- A drainage layer (expanded clay, broken brick, crushed stone) is laid on the bottom.
- A nutritious soil mixture is prepared from humus, peat and garden soil (1: 1: 1). For looseness and additional nutrition of young shoots, bone meal, sand or ash are added.
- Complex fertilizers are introduced according to the recommendations on the package.
- A seedling is carefully placed in the hole, the roots are straightened.
- Sprinkle with soil mixture, compact. The root collar is left open to avoid decay.
- The bush is watered abundantly.
- To protect against drying out and additional insulation during autumn planting, the trunk circle is mulched.
Mulch protects the root space from drying out and frost
Caring for tree peonies in the Moscow region
Peonies are one of the most unpretentious shrubs. They respond well to proper care with rapid and long flowering.
Watering and feeding schedule
Peonies are not demanding on the condition of the soil, they tolerate drought. With excessive moisture, stagnant water is prone to rot and infection with powdery mildew.
In the conditions of the Moscow region, tree peonies are watered abundantly in the spring (starting in May) and before flowering. In the summer months, moderate irrigation is sufficient once every 6–10 days.
Since August, watering is reduced, by the end of summer and early autumn, it is completely stopped.
1-2 days after moistening, the soil is loosened (no deeper than 5 cm, so as not to damage the roots), if necessary mulch with sawdust.
Top dressing of peonies planted in the Moscow region is carried out annually:
- in the spring, after the snow melts, the first fertilizers are applied under the bushes: 2 tsp. nitrogen and potassium;
- the second feeding is carried out during the budding period: 2 tsp. nitrogen, 1 tsp. potassium, 100 g of phosphorus;
- to prepare for winter, strengthen the shoots, the plant is fertilized with a mixture of phosphorus (20 g) and potassium (15 g).
Pruning
Treelike varieties of peonies do not need formative pruning.
In the spring, before intensive growth begins, weak, frozen shoots are removed from the shrub. The remaining branches are shortened by 10-15 cm, to a living bud.
Living buds on frozen branches may appear in the second half of May, so there is no need to rush to remove them.
Rejuvenating pruning is carried out every 7-10 years. All shoots are harvested at the root, leaving 5–7 cm.
Damaged, pest-infested shoots are removed immediately throughout the year, preventing the spread of the disease to the entire shrub.
Preparing a tree peony for winter in the Moscow region
Adult flowering shrubs are frost-resistant, they tolerate frosts well down to -20 degrees.
Warm, damp autumn or late return frosts in the spring in the Moscow region can lead to the appearance of rot, the death of young shoots, and the cessation of flowering. In addition, insufficient attention to the condition of the soil, an abundance of weeds and fallen leaves create favorable conditions for infection by pests and fungi.
In the Moscow region, the preparation of a tree peony for winter begins in August and includes the following activities:
- reduction or complete cessation of watering in August (depending on weather conditions);
- deep loosening of the soil in September with the introduction of peat or humus (1 bucket per bush);
- pruning leaves and wilted buds, removing damaged shoots;
- thorough cleaning of fallen leaves.
For a successful wintering of a tree peony in the Moscow region, young bushes are completely covered with a layer of mulch (straw, sawdust). A tripod canopy is erected over adult plants, wrapped with covering material, spruce branches.
Tarpaulin, non-woven fabric, burlap are used as a covering material.
The shelter is removed after the snow starts to melt.
Pests and diseases
Tree peonies, with proper care, are resistant to diseases and pests. In the conditions of the Moscow region, most often shoots are affected:
- gray rot - occurs with high humidity and non-compliance with the irrigation schedule. It spreads to young stems, leaves, buds. Without timely treatment, it goes to the roots and the plant dies. To save the shrub, it is treated with copper sulfate (7% solution) or potassium permanganate (4 g per 10 l of water);
White fluffy bloom is the main sign of rot infestation.
- brown spot - affects the leaf plate, leads to drying of the crown, slowing growth. The affected shoots are removed and burned, the bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid;
In the Moscow region, spotting appears on leaves in the first half of June.
- powdery mildew - harmless to peony, but spoils the appearance of foliage; the affected branches are not suitable for making a bouquet. For processing, use a solution of soda ash and laundry soap.
Most often, powdery mildew appears on adult plants.
Of the pests, tree peonies attack:
- ants;
- thrips;
- nematodes;
- aphid.
Ants, attracted by the sweet nectar of peonies, promote the growth of aphid colonies on the leaves and stems
To combat them, a variety of fungicides and insecticides are used, weeds are removed in a timely manner, and the condition of the soil and the health of neighboring plants on the site are monitored.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for a tree peony in the Moscow region has its own characteristics, consisting in a careful choice of planting material, careful attention to the composition of the soil, moisture, and responsible preparation for winter. With strict adherence to all the recommendations on your site, you can grow any variety of flowering shrubs without deep knowledge of agricultural technology.
