Content
- 1 Review of common varieties of cherry plum
- 2 The best varieties of cherry plum
- 3 Classification of cherry plum varieties by ripening dates
- 4 Large-fruited cherry plum
- 5 Self-fertile varieties of cherry plum
- 6 Hybrid varieties of cherry plum
- 7 Red-leaved cherry plum varieties
- 8 How cherry plum is classified by shades
- 9 Taste characteristics of cherry plum varieties
- 10 What to consider when choosing seedlings
- 11 The best varieties of cherry plum for the Moscow region
- 12 The best varieties for the Leningrad region
- 13 The best varieties of cherry plum for the Urals
- 14 The best varieties of cherry plum for central Russia
Cherry plum varieties available to gardeners differ in terms of fruiting, frost resistance and fruit characteristics. It is a short tree or shrub. Thanks to selection, it can bear fruit abundantly even in the northern regions. Some varieties have early ripening periods, so harvesting can be done before the onset of autumn frosts.
Review of common varieties of cherry plum
If you want to plant cherry plum on your site, the gardener needs to familiarize himself with the characteristics of the varieties. They are divided into groups depending on the ripening time, tree size, fruit indicators and other parameters.
In terms of ripening, early maturing, mid-maturing and late-maturing varieties are presented. Brief information about them is collected in the table below.
Early ripe | Mid-season | Late ripening |
Gold of the Scythians (Gold of the Scythians). Gives an average yield, golden fruits weighing up to 40 g. | Cleopatra. Medium-yielding species with large fruits reaching 50 g. The color of ripe cherry plum is dark purple, the flesh is red. | Gold autumn. Fruits are medium-sized, weighing 10 g. Advantage - the harvest remains on the branches until late autumn. |
Traveler. It brings up to 40 kg of harvest per season, the weight of the fruit is up to 30 g, the color is yellow. | Kuban comet. Produces up to 40 kg of fruit. Fruits weighing up to 30 g, skin color is yellow. | Moscow Hungarian. Brings 20 kg of fruit weighing 25 g. Color is red. |
Found. Begins to bear fruit in the third year, the mass of the yellow fruit reaches 37 g. | Huck. Yellow fruits weighing up to 45 g. The tree is capable of self-pollination. |
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Ruby. Fruits are distinguished by dark red skin, orange pulp. | Morning. The tree is not tall. Fruit weight reaches 35 grams, yellow color. |
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Also types of cherry plum differ in the size of the fruit. Their weight can range from 10 to 50 g. Trees with yellow, red and dark purple fruits are available to gardeners.
When choosing seedlings, you need to pay attention to the yield. The high-yielding varieties produce about 40 kg of fruit per year.
It is important to take into account the climatic zone where the landing will be made. For Siberia and the middle zone, it is recommended to choose species with high winter hardiness. You can take a variety with an average winter hardiness. With a significant drop in temperature, the shrub can be damaged, but later it easily recovers.
The best varieties of cherry plum
Some types of cherry plum are especially popular with gardeners. They are resistant to low temperatures and drought, and also produce bountiful yields.
Consider several large-fruited varieties:
- Tent. The tree is low, with a dense, rounded crown. Brings large fruits weighing up to 40 g. The skin has a dark purple hue, the pulp is yellow with a sweet and sour taste. Fruiting begins 4–5 years after planting; a harvest of 35 kg can be obtained per season. Refers to early crops. Differs in high frost resistance and average drought resistance.
- Huck. Refers to mid-season varieties. The tree is not tall, in a short time it reaches its maximum size. The mass of one yellow fruit is up to 35 g. Gives a bountiful harvest, resistant to low temperatures.
- Fast-growing. A compact shrub, fruiting begins as early as 2-3 years of age. Medium-sized fruit, yellow-red skin. The pulp is very pleasant to the taste, easily leaves the stone, therefore it is suitable for direct consumption. Resistant to low temperatures and winds.
Above were listed the types of cherry plum that many gardeners fell in love with. They are resistant to frost, so they can be successfully grown in regions with cold winters.
Classification of cherry plum varieties by ripening dates
Cherry plum varieties do not have a strict classification. However, depending on the ripening period, they are divided into early, middle and late. The first ones give harvest already in July – August. The ripening period of mid-ripening is the end of August. The later ones are filmed in September.
Early ripe
Nesmeyana - one of the early maturing varieties. The height of the tree can reach 6 meters, the harvest gives 3-4 years of life. Ripening begins in July. It is characterized by a red skin and a rounded shape. The weight of one piece reaches 30 g. Self-infertile variety, Cleopatra, Kuban comet, Traveler can act as a pollinator.
Sigma. A small tree with bountiful harvests. Refers to self-infertile species. Fruits with a yellow skin weighing up to 35 g, the pulp is difficult to separate from the stone.
Mid-season
Chuk. Reaches a height of 3-4 m, gives about 30 kg of harvest per year. Fruit of a dark purple hue weighing 30 g. It is characterized by medium resistance to low temperatures. Self-infertile, a Chinese plum or other cherry plum is suitable as a pollinator. Produces a stable harvest, resists diseases.
Peach... It has sweet flesh and red-burgundy skin. It tastes like a peach, which is reflected in the name.
Late ripening
Moscow Hungarian. The tree is of medium height, self-fertile. Fruits ripen, weighing 25 g, juicy, with red skin. Medium frost resistance.
Cleopatra. A medium-sized tree with a high yield. It bears fruits of a dark purple hue weighing up to 37 g with delicious red pulp. Refers to self-infertile species.
Large-fruited cherry plum
General belongs to one of the largest-fruited types of cherry plum. The mass of fruits can reach 80 g, they are located on the branches separately. The variety is resistant to frost, is considered early maturing.
globe - a large-fruited variety, the weight of one piece can reach 100 g. This is a hybrid obtained by crossing the Abundant variety, the Kulturnaya red hybrid and the apricot hybrid. If the harvest is plentiful, the fruits are smaller, but still reach a weight of 50-60 g. The color of the skin is dark blue, the pulp is yellow, juicy. Due to the intensive growth, the branches should be pruned regularly.
Self-fertile varieties of cherry plum
Kuban comet. One of the self-fertile species that does not require a pollinator to be planted nearby. Fruits have a relatively low weight - up to 28 g. The hue of the skin is reddish, the flesh is yellow with a sweet and sour taste. The tree is not very tall, it brings up to 40 kg of harvest per year. Needs regular watering.
Mara. Another self-fertile variety with high resistance to frost and disease. The height of the tree is 2-3 m, it forms a spherical crown. It bears fruit with a rich yellow color. Ripening occurs at the beginning of July, while the harvest will not fall until the first days of August. The pulp is very sweet in taste.
Hybrid varieties of cherry plum
Abundant. This hybrid was bred in 1969 and is suitable for growing in the North Caucasus region. Fruits have a pleasant taste and aroma, the weight is 30 g or more. The skin is dark purple in color. Differs in abundant fruiting.
Dessert. It was obtained by crossing a Chinese plum and a variety called Tauric.A tree of medium height, forms a drooping crown. Fruits grow weighing 30–35 g, the skin is dark red. The pulp is dense, orange. Low frost resistance is characteristic.
Red-leaved cherry plum varieties
Llama will not only bring a bountiful harvest (40-50 kg per tree), but also become a decoration of the garden. Fruits have a sweet and sour taste, their weight varies within 30-40 g. Low-growing shrub no more than 2 m in height. The peculiarity of the Lama is the reddish leaves. Ripe fruits crumble easily in strong winds. Cultivation is possible in the middle lane, the North-West region and Siberia.
How cherry plum is classified by shades
Another sign by which cherry plum varieties are classified is the color of the fruit. It can range from yellow to deep purple and almost black.
Yellow cherry plum
Tsarskaya. It bears small yellow fruits weighing up to 20 g. They ripen by the beginning of August, are valued for their excellent taste and transportability. They are rich in citric acid and contain a lot of sugar. The tree is medium-sized, begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting.
Oriole. It grows a little over 5 m high, bears fruit regularly and abundantly. Differs in resistance to heat and lack of moisture. Yellow color. Ripens at the end of July.
Cherry plum with red fruits
July rose bears red fruits of an elongated shape, weighing up to 40 g. The tree is of medium height. It can bear fruit without a pollinator, however, if available, it will give a greater yield.
Green cherry plum
Unripe cherry plum is used in cooking as part of sauces and side dishes. Green fruits are high in citric acid. By supplementing the dish with such a seasoning, you can improve both its taste and digestibility.
Cherry plum with purple fruits
Found. A large-fruited variety with an early ripening period. Fruiting begins as early as 3 years of age, the weight of the crop can reach 40 kg per year. Fruits of violet color with yellow pulp weighing up to 35 g. Resistance to temperature extremes is high, to lack of moisture - medium. For pollination, other species should be planted nearby, blooming at about the same time.
Taste characteristics of cherry plum varieties
A variety of flavors was made possible by crossing cherry plum with some types of plums. As a result, hybrids appeared, differing in other characteristics: color, ripening time, growing regions.
Sweet varieties of cherry plum
Apricot. Quite large fruits resemble apricots. The skin is yellow-pink. The pulp is yellow-orange, juicy, sweet in taste. Ripening occurs during August. Withstands frosts, but as a result of sharp temperature fluctuations, the yield decreases.
Sweet and sour cherry plum
Sonya. A short tree, reaching 3 m. It bears yellow fruits with a sweet and sour taste, weighing in the range of 40-50 g. The harvest ripens by the beginning of September. Refers to early-growing varieties, fruiting begins 2-3 years after planting. Frost resistance allows you to grow it in the middle lane.
What to consider when choosing seedlings
To get a bountiful harvest every year, you must choose the right variety. In this case, the gardener will focus on the following points:
- Climatic zone. If planting is planned in the middle lane or in Siberia, you need to choose seedlings with good winter hardiness.
- Ripening period. When several trees are planted on the site with different periods of fruiting, you can provide yourself with a constant harvest for the entire season.
- Fetal characteristics. Here you should pay attention to the size, color, taste. This information can be found in the description.
- The height of the tree. It is selected in accordance with the characteristics of the site.
When the choice is made, you can go to the nursery. It is recommended to purchase 4-year-old seedlings grown in the home region, as they take root better after planting on the site.
The best varieties of cherry plum for the Moscow region
It is best to purchase seedlings in local nurseries. In the markets you can buy a southern variety that is not adapted to the climate of the Moscow region.
Self-fertile varieties of cherry plum for the Moscow region
Columnar. A tree of an unusual shape - the height reaches 3 m, while the crown diameter is not more than 1.5 m. The variety is winter-hardy: it quickly recovers after freezing. Fruits grow in weight up to 40 g. The skin is red, the pulp is juicy, with a pleasant taste. This variety is resistant to diseases and pests.
Sweet varieties of cherry plum for the Moscow region
Gold of the Scythians (Gold of the Scythians)... A low tree (up to 3 m) with a crown in the form of a wide cone. Fruit of a golden hue with a delicate, very sweet pulp. The variety is resistant to sharp temperature fluctuations.
Ruby. The skin is burgundy, the flesh is dark yellow. Ripe fruits also lack acidity. Does not suffer from sudden changes in temperature and does not require complex maintenance.
The best varieties for the Leningrad region
A hybrid is suitable for the Leningrad region Gift to St. Petersburg... It bears small fruits weighing about 10 g. They are yellow in color with a sweet and sour pulp. Refers to high-yielding species: from one tree, you can get up to 60 kg of harvest per season.
The best varieties of cherry plum for the Urals
Seedling rocket... Most suitable for the Urals, with proper care it tolerates frosts down to -35 ºС. Large fruits weighing about 30 g. The skin is red, the flesh tastes sweet and sour.
The best varieties of cherry plum for central Russia
Vladimir comet. Relatively young, but at the same time promising. Produces large fruits with burgundy skin. The flesh tastes sweet and sour, orange in color. Ripening begins in mid-July. Resistant to frost.
Timiryazevskaya. The height of the tree is within 3 m, the crown is conical. Gives bountiful harvests - up to 30 kg per season. The tree is not susceptible to freezing and fungal diseases.
Cherry plum varieties for your garden should be chosen, taking into account their winter hardiness and ripening times. Even an amateur gardener can grow such a tree on the site. In view of the self-fertility of many species, it is recommended to purchase 3-4 seedlings of different varieties and familiarize yourself with simple tips for crop care.
