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Cherry Vianok of Belarusian selection is gaining popularity among gardeners in Russia. She has many positive characteristics that are worth learning more about.
Description of Vianok cherry
Cherry Vianok is a new, but promising variety of Belarusian selection, which has been on trial in Russia since 2004. Already in the first years, it gained good popularity due to its characteristics and taste of the fruit. Cherry was obtained from the parent variety Novodvorskaya by free pollination. The employees of the Belarusian research institute worked on the tree breeding: Shirko T.S., Vyshinskaya M.I., Sulimova R.M., Syubarova E.P.
Vianok cherry can be grown in almost any area, it develops equally well in southern and temperate climates. It endures cold snaps, heat, unstable winter.
Height and dimensions of an adult tree
The tree is tall, grows quickly, belongs to the felt type. The crown is sparse of medium density, has a pyramidal shape. An adult Vianok cherry reaches a height of about 3 m.
The type of fruiting of the variety is mixed. Fruits are formed both on annual growth and on bouquet branches.
Description of fruits
Cherry fruits are medium in size. Their weight reaches 3.8 g. In shape, the cherry is rounded and rich in dark red color. The skin is not thick, the pulp is dense, juicy. The stone is small, but well detachable. The taste of the pulp is sweet and sour, pronounced. The tasting score is 4.5 points, which is not very little. The purpose of the fruit is universal. They are suitable for fresh consumption, processing and freezing.
Vianok cherry fruits are collected in bunches, it is very convenient to remove them
Vianok cherry is distinguished by its high drought resistance, the fruits do not deteriorate in the sun and do not fall off. However, over-watering during the ripening period can crack. That is why the amount of moisture in the soil must be carefully monitored and waterlogged should not be allowed.
Vianok cherry pollinators
The Vianok variety is characterized as self-fertile, and is capable of setting fruit on its own. However, the yield will be low; for normal performance, you still need to have pollinating trees nearby. Co-cultivation with varieties is recommended:
- Lassukha;
- Novodvorskaya;
- Griot Belarusian.
Other cherries that have the same flowering time are also suitable. It is worth noting that Vianok blooms early compared to other trees.
Main characteristics
Many varieties of cherries are popular among Russians, but Vianok is always one of the few that must be planted in the garden. The fact is that the tree has many advantages and positive characteristics, its yield is especially impressive.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
In the description of the Vianok cherry variety, it is said about the high winter hardiness of the tree. It tolerates bad weather well and bears excellent fruit. The photo of gardeners shows that even after return frosts, this variety does not freeze fruit buds. That is why the plant is suitable for planting in regions with an unstable climate.
In addition, it can be noted that Vianok cherry perfectly resists drought.The wood ripens well, it is not afraid of drying winter winds and summer heat. The root system of the plant is well developed and goes deep, therefore it does not suffer from the vagaries of the weather.
Yield
The special literature says that after planting in a permanent place, Vianok cherry begins to bear fruit only in the third year of cultivation. However, this depends on the quality of the rootstock. It has been noticed that on the seed stock of wild cherries, fruiting is better and begins earlier.
On average, the yield of the Vianok variety reaches 13 t / ha, 20 kg of fruits are harvested from one tree. These figures are slightly higher than those of other popular self-fertile varieties, as can be seen in the table.
Variety name | Productivity, kg |
Vianok | 20 |
Lyubskaya | 12-15 |
Apukhtinskaya | 8-10 |
Rossosh black | 10-15 |
High yields can be achieved through proper planting and proper care. The tree is undemanding, but simple rules must be followed.
Vianok cherry fruits fully ripen and are ready for consumption in the second half of summer. By the end of July, you can enjoy delicious berries. They are used for all types of processing and fresh consumption. However, they do not last long.
Advantages and disadvantages
Based on all the characteristics, description of the variety and reviews of gardeners, a number of advantages of the Vianok variety can be distinguished. Among them:
- high productivity;
- self-fertility;
- early maturity;
- excellent fruit taste;
- high winter hardiness and drought resistance.
The disadvantages of cherries of this variety include average resistance to characteristic diseases, including moniliosis and coccomycosis. However, you can cope with this problem by increasing the immunity of the tree.
Cherry Vianok has a high yield
Landing rules
Growing Vianok cherries is no more difficult than other popular varieties. It is enough to adhere to simple planting rules and take good care of the tree.
Recommended timing
Seedlings for planting should be chosen in the fall, when there is a large assortment of trees in nurseries. In spring, it is undesirable to purchase cherries, since trees can already awaken from hibernation, and it is dangerous to plant such a plant. It will not take root well and hurt for a long time. It is better to start planting in early spring. A suitable time is chosen before the onset of sap flow and swelling of the kidneys. In each region, the timing is different, so it is better to navigate by the weather, local climate and other trees.
The main task of the gardener is to properly preserve the seedling until the moment of planting. To do this, you can dig it in the garden or lower it into a cold cellar.
Site selection and soil preparation
For better fruiting, cherries are planted on the southern slope of the site. If this is not possible, then a well-lit place on the west side is suitable. However, it must be protected from cold winds and drafts.
The soil for planting is prepared in advance. It must pass moisture and air well. For this, the place is dug up, adding humus, sand and mineral fertilizers. It is believed that stable fruiting is possible on neutral soil. If it is too sour, then slaked lime or chalk is added.
In the description of the Vianok variety, it is indicated that the root system of the tree does not tolerate close proximity to groundwater. That is why wetlands and damp areas are not suitable for planting.
How to plant correctly
Vianok cherries are planted according to the scheme, which is designed for vigorous trees. In an amateur garden, the distance between them is 3 m.If plantings are made in a row, then they retreat up to 4 m.
Pits for trees are prepared in the fall, so that by spring the soil has settled well and is saturated with fertilizers. Before planting, the bottom is drained. You can use improvised material, such as broken brick, crushed stone or shingles.The seedlings are placed in the center of the hole, covered with earth, but the root collar is left on the soil surface by 5 cm.
During planting, the vaccination site is not covered with earth so that it does not start to rot
Care features
Vianok cherry does not require special care. Even a busy gardener, who is not often on the site, will be able to grow and harvest a decent crop. To do this, it is enough to adhere to the recommendations given in the description of the variety.
Watering and feeding schedule
As already mentioned, Vianok cherry is drought tolerant, so additional watering is not required. The soil is moistened when there has been no rain for a very long time. It is enough to water the tree abundantly several times during the season. However, the procedure must be complete so that moisture saturates the earthen lump to the entire depth of the roots. In order not to overmoisten the soil, it is better to adhere to this irrigation scheme:
- after the formation of the ovary;
- while pouring fruits;
- during the laying of fruit buds the next day.
The rest of the time, the soil does not need to be moistened in order to prevent stagnation of water at the roots. This is more harmful than drought.
To increase the yield, Vianoks are fed like all crops. Adhere to the standard scheme. In early spring, nitrogen is added to the soil, and in summer and autumn - phosphorus-potassium dressings. Liquid organic mixtures are effective. Chicken droppings and cow dung are popular among gardeners. It is better to apply dry organic fertilizing in the fall, combining it with digging the trunk circle.
Pruning
The crown of a tall tree must be formed in order to prevent fungal diseases. For cherries, it is better to stick to a non-tiered formation. The seedling is cut at a height of 30-40 cm, and the next four years they continue to form it. For this, 8-12 skeletal branches are left, which are directed in different directions. All unnecessary is cut out. The distance between the skeletal branches is 10-15 cm. In the future, all lateral shoots are shortened to stimulate fruiting.
Pruning is combined with wood cleaning. Dry, damaged and diseased branches are regularly cut.
Preparing for winter
In late autumn, cherries need to be prepared for the coming winter. It is better to shelter young seedlings from frost. To do this, the trunk is wrapped in burlap to the base of the skeletal branches. Mature trees do not need additional shelter.
In regions with dry and windy winters, water-charging watering is carried out in late autumn so that the roots of the tree are saturated with moisture and do not dry out. It is made before the upcoming frost. The tree is watered abundantly so that moisture penetrates the entire depth of the root system.
Diseases and pests
In the description of the variety, it is indicated that the crop is susceptible to characteristic diseases. There are frequent cases of an outbreak of moniliosis and coccomycosis. To avoid defeat, do not neglect preventive work. Without them, not only the tree will suffer, but also the harvest.
Treatments with Bordeaux liquid are effective against fungal diseases. They are made on schedule in the spring and fall. Other preparations containing copper and insecticides from pests can be added to the solutions. In summer, Bordeaux liquid is not used. It is better to replace it with Horus, Skor and others.
Conclusion
Cherry Vianok is a productive variety, the crop should be planted on the site. He will always delight with the harvest and does not require special care. In addition, he has practically no shortcomings.
