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Poisonous Lepiota - a mushroom from the Champignon family, belonging to the order Lamellar. There is also another name - brick-red lepiota, the Latin name is Lepiota helveola.
What poisonous lepiots look like
The hat is rounded. Its diameter is from 2 to 7 cm. On closer examination of the poisonous lepiota (pictured), in the center, you can see an inconspicuous tubercle and thin radial grooves. The color of the cap is grayish-red, the surface is silky, matte. Numerous scales are formed on the cap, resembling felt spots. Under the cap there are often plates of a pale beige shade. Spores are white, spore powder is also white in color.
The leg is cylindrical, low (from 2 to 4 cm), pink in color. No thickening. An incision reveals that the stem is hollow and fibrous.
The pulp of the mushroom has a sweetish aroma, there is no mushroom taste.
Where poisonous lepiots grow
Poisonous lepiots are found in Western Europe, as well as in Ukraine. The main habitat of mushrooms is park areas, meadows, areas with grass.
Poisonous lepiots are considered rare mushrooms, they appear in the autumn.
Is it possible to eat poisonous lepiots
These mushrooms are classified as poisonous. Their consumption is prohibited.
Poisoning symptoms
Lepiosis poisoning is life-threatening. It contains cyanides and nitriles, against which there is no antidote.
The first symptoms of poisoning appear a quarter of an hour after the mushrooms enter the body. In the victim, white foam is released from the oral cavity, which occurs due to multiple ruptures of the alveoli in the lungs. Cardiac arrest can occur after 30 minutes. These two factors are fatal.
The victim's body temperature may rise. Incessant vomiting, shortness of breath, frothy discharge from the mouth, blue discoloration of the body or the appearance of cyanotic spots indicates poisoning with poisonous lepiota.
First aid for poisoning
The faster first aid is provided for mushroom poisoning, the more chances a person has to survive. Algorithm of actions for mushroom poisoning:
- call a medical team or take the victim to a hospital;
- do a gastric lavage;
- give the victim a laxative;
- so that there is no dehydration, the patient is given plenty of drink;
- the remains of the food that caused the poisoning should be kept. This will clarify the type of poison.
Prevention recommendations
To avoid poisoning, you need to pick mushrooms correctly:
- unknown or dubious copies do not need to be ripped off;
- mushrooms grown in garbage bins, city dumps, along highways and near chemical plants are not subject to collection and processing. Fruit bodies quickly absorb toxic substances, so they can cause poisoning;
- overgrown or damaged ones are also best left in the forest.Often, poisoning occurs when eating old edible mushrooms;
- small children are not allowed to pick mushrooms. They often put into their mouths whatever they like, for example, a red fly agaric hat;
- you cannot buy mushrooms from people selling in spontaneous markets along the highways;
- processing technology must be strictly followed. Conditionally edible specimens are boiled twice, at least 20 minutes each time, the water is not reused.
Doubles and their differences
Poisonous Lepiota can be confused with small specimens of the same family. For example, a swollen umbrella is a poisonous representative of the mushroom kingdom, outwardly resembling poisonous lepiota. At the umbrella, the color of the cap is beige or reddish, the surface is covered with small scales. The pulp is yellow, with a pleasant smell.
Fruiting from August to September, occurs in small groups.
Lepiota Brebisson has a conical cap with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm. In adult specimens, it opens. A reddish-brown tubercle is clearly visible on the cap. Scales on the surface are rare, brown in color. The shape of the stem is cylindrical, the color is fawn, purple-violet at the base. A fragile ring is formed on the stem. The season for the appearance of these specimens is autumn.
Conclusion
Poisonous lepiota is dangerous to human health. Eating can lead to lung paralysis and death, therefore, on a quiet hunt, you should be extremely careful not to collect poisonous specimens in the basket.
