Content
Currant Delicacy is a modern variety, bred by domestic breeders and capable of withstanding difficult climatic conditions. It is frost-resistant, high-yielding, undemanding in cultivation and care, resistant to pests. The berries of this variety of black currant are fragrant, tasty, large.
Description of black currant variety Delicacy
Delicacy is a medium-early ripening black currant variety of Russian selection. It was bred at the Pavlovsk Experimental Station in the Leningrad Region by EV Volodina, SP Khotimskaya, OA Tikhonova at the beginning of 2000, who used black currant varieties Odzhebin and Minai Shmyrev for breeding work. In 2007, the Delikates variety was entered in the State Register of the Russian Federation of varieties that are allowed for cultivation in the Central region, the Far East, in the Northern and North-Western regions.
The description of the main characteristics of the black currant variety Delicates helps to assess varietal characteristics.
Bush
The currant shrub of this variety is medium spreading, tall (1.5 m) with a dense crown. Young shoots are even, green with a smooth shiny surface, thick, slightly drooping. The coloration of the lower part is uneven, with a weak anthocyanin shade.
Mature lignified brown-brown branches slightly run down in thickness to the top. They are shiny, slightly lowered, geniculate. In general, the bush is massive, withstands gusty winds and does not need to be tied up.
Buds on a currant bush Delicacy are single, medium-sized, oval in shape with a pointed apex. They are rejected, omitted, painted in pinkish or lilac color. The apical kidney is large, ovoid.
Leaves
Leaves of black currant Delicacy are five-lobed, medium and large in size. They are shiny, dark green in color. The surface of the leaf is leathery, wrinkled. On the upper and lower sides of the leaf blade, the main veins are with rare omission. The leaf is concave along the central vein. The main veins are not colored in most cases. Some leaves have a slight anthocyanin coloration from base to midrib.
The central lobe of the leaf is large, concave, ovoid, and pointed. Additional projections are hardly noticeable. The lateral lobes are shorter than the middle one. They are oval in shape with tops oriented to the sides. The basal lobes are weakly expressed, with open veins.
The base of the leaf is heart-shaped, with a deep or medium-sized depression. A typical feature of the Delikates currant is the funnel-shaped concavity of the middle lobe of the apical leaves. This impression is created due to the elevation of the edges of the lateral and basal lobes.
The leaf teeth have clear, short, shallow "claws". The leaf petioles are located at an angle of almost 60 degrees to the branch. They are thick, medium in length, green in color. Their shape is straight or slightly curved
Flowers
The flowers of the black currant bush of the Delikates variety are medium-sized, pinkish, goblet-shaped. The petals are oval with a slight anthocyanin color, slightly inclined towards the pistil and touching each other. The stigma of the pistil is located above the anther.
The ovary is uncolored, smooth, uncovered.The brushes can be 4.5 - 6.8 cm long and contain 5 - 8 berries. The brush axis is not thick, green in color with a short or medium petiole. The fruit stalks of the berries are long, drooping, green and medium in thickness.
Berries
Currant berries Delicacy are classified as medium-large. Their weight is 0.9 - 1 g, their size is up to 1 cm in diameter. They are black light, round or slightly oval, with a shiny surface. Inside the berries there are about 50 small seeds, which are practically not felt by the taste. The calyx of the fruit is small, some berries may be wide. It can be either falling or semi-falling.
The taste of currants is delicate, sweet and sour, aromatic, the tasting score is 4.9. The skin of the berries is thin and soft, but at the same time, dense. Their pulp is juicy.
The chemical composition of the fruit is shown in the table:
Substance | Average content,% |
Water | 83 |
Cellulose | 4,8 |
Carbohydrates | 7,3 |
Protein | 1 |
Fats | 0,4 |
Characteristics
Blackcurrant variety Delicacy is classified as early-growing, with average self-fertility. Crops of this variety are characterized by resistance to low temperatures. It is resistant to diseases and pests characteristic of black currant:
- leaf spot;
- powdery mildew;
- kidney mite (medium resistance).
The description of the features of the Delicates currant variety is confirmed by the reviews of experienced and novice currant growers.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
Currant Delicacy is a variety with excellent frost resistance. Plants tolerate temperatures up to -20 ° C without shelter. When the bush is insulated for the winter, it does not freeze in temperatures down to -35 ° C, making the variety suitable for growing not only in the central regions, but also in the harsh conditions of Siberia and the Urals. The culture is not susceptible to recurrent spring frosts.
The drought resistance of the variety is low. The shrub needs good watering, but excess moisture is undesirable.
Variety yield
The Delicacy variety is classified as early ripening, with high yields. The indicators that characterize it are described in the table:
Indicator | Value |
Productivity from a bush | up to 12 kg |
Average yield of the berry | up to 196 c / ha |
Age of onset of fruiting | 2 years |
Fruiting period: Formation of berries Ripening |
· early July; · Mid-July - early August. |
Delicacy berries are harvested when they turn bright black. Ripe currant properties:
- fruits are easily separated from the bush;
- thanks to the dense skin, the berries are not crushed during transportation and retain their juiciness;
- as it ripens, the size of the fruit does not decrease;
- currants are not prone to shedding;
- berries are not baked in the sun.
Application area
Black currant varieties Delicates are popular on personal plots and farms. It is used for the preparation of jams, preserves, juices, compotes, jelly, smoothies, added to the filling of pies. On the basis of berries, wines, liqueurs and liqueurs are prepared. Currants can be eaten raw and canned.
Berries of this variety can be dried and also frozen. After defrosting, their shape and taste are not lost. The crop is well stored and suitable for transportation.
Pros and cons of the variety
Blackcurrant Delicacy has advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of the variety:
- High taste of berries.
- Ripening in mid-early terms.
- Abundant fruiting.
- Frost resistance.
- Resistant to diseases typical of black currant.
- Transportability of fruits.
- Easy to grow and care for.
The variety has a disadvantage - low self-fertility, that is, the ability to pollinate with its own pollen.Blackcurrant Delicacy gives high and stable yields in the presence of pollinating varieties. Nearby, you can plant shrubs of self-fertile varieties, for example, Golubka, Victory or September Daniel.
Reproduction methods
Black currant varieties Delicacy are propagated in the following ways:
- Cuttings... In autumn in October, a healthy shoot 15 - 20 cm long is separated from the black currant bush and cut into pieces with a pruner. Each segment should have 2 - 3 places with dormant buds. If there are leaves, they are broken off. Then the cuttings are transplanted into the prepared soil at an angle of 60 degrees. Usually they take root well and immediately start growing.Important! Cuttings of currants can be carried out in the spring, but if there is insufficient watering, the segments may not have time to grow developed roots and will dry out.
- Layers... This is an effective way to propagate Delicacy currants, because the cuttings take root and take root well. The procedure is carried out in the fall or early spring. Healthy strong annual shoots growing from the outside of the bush are laid in small trenches, 5 cm deep and fixed with hairpins. Layers are watered abundantly. The resulting shoots are huddled, and in the fall they are separated from the mother bush and transplanted to a permanent place.
- By dividing the bush... This is a simple method that is used when replanting or rejuvenating currant bush. Healthy maternal specimen of currant Delicacy in early spring spud. In the summer, the earth is poured twice. Keep the soil moist at all times to avoid drying out. In September, the bush is dug up and divided into parts. Delenki are immediately planted in a permanent place.
Planting and leaving
The right time for planting Delicatessen black currants is late autumn or early spring, after the snow has melted. For this purpose, planting material is chosen that advises the requirements:
- the seedling should have 3 - 5 healthy shoots;
- the root system is developed, healthy, the roots are light.
A place for black currant Delicacy is chosen well-lit, but slight shading is allowed. They begin to prepare it for planting in several years, removing germinating weeds, periodically digging up and applying fertilizers (humus or rotted manure). The soil is preferable light, loose, fertile, with low acidity. These requirements are met by weakly podzolized, loamy and sandy loam soils. If the groundwater runs close, then in order to avoid stagnation of moisture at the roots, the bush is planted on a hill or drainage is organized.
Algorithm for planting currant varieties Delicates:
- In the chosen place, holes are dug under the seedlings with a width of 40 - 60 cm, a depth of 30-40 cm, with an interval of 1.5 - 2 m from each other. Rows are also organized at a distance of 1.5 - 2m.Important! To feed the currant bush of the Delikates variety requires an area with a radius of about 2 m.
- At the bottom of the hole, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied in a mixture with humus in the following proportion: superphosphate - 50 g, potassium sulfate - 20 g, humus - 5 - 6 kg. Then poured half a bucket of water.
- The seedling is placed in the hole at an inclination of 45 degrees, the roots are sprinkled with earth and tamped.
- The planted plant is watered with ½ bucket of water.
- The trunk circle of the bush is mulched with humus, peat or rotted manure.
Follow-up care
To ensure high yields and preserve varietal characteristics, currant Delicacy needs proper care:
- Black currants are often watered at the root, in dry and hot weather - every other day. Lack of moisture negatively affects the development of the plant. Watering is stopped during the ripening period of the berries. The optimal amount of water for irrigation is a bucket per bush, twice a day, in the evening and in the morning.
- Once a month, top dressing is applied (urea, superphosphate, potash fertilizers). The nutrient mixture is diluted in water according to the instructions and poured over the currants.
- Currant bushes of the Delicacy variety need regular pruning. In early spring, before bud break, or in late autumn, after leaf fall, a shaping and rejuvenating haircut is carried out. For sanitary purposes, the bush is cut during the entire growing season. At the same time, shoots older than 5 years, diseased and twisted branches, shoots growing near the ground are removed.Attention! A properly formed bush of currant Delicacy has approximately 15 branches of different ages: 3 - annual shoots, 3 - biennial, and so on.
- To prevent damage to the bark of seedlings by rodents, the accumulation of household waste and plant residues on the site should not be allowed. In winter, after a snowfall, snow is trampled around the bushes. In a dense layer, it is difficult for mice to move and make moves. Hares usually do not touch currants.
- The currant bush of the Delicacy variety is powerful, stable and does not need a garter.
- When growing the Delikates variety in the southern and central regions, special preparation of shrubs for winter is not required. In late autumn, the fallen leaves are removed, the ground of the trunk circle is shed and dug up. The soil surface at the root collar is mulched.
- Branches of currants grown in regions with cold climates are tied in bunches, bent to the ground and strengthened in this position. The fallen snow will cover the bush and protect it from frost. The shrub can not be lowered, but covered with agrofibre.
Pests and diseases
Despite the resistance of black currant Delicacy to powdery mildew, spotting and bud mites, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the branches and leaves of the plant. If signs of disease or pests appear on the shoots, then they should be removed immediately. This is done to prevent the spread of infection to other parts of the bush. The soil around the currants is treated with antibacterial drugs or folk remedies, for example, an infusion of garlic or onions. From currant aphids, glass, kidney mites, sawflies, gall aphids, plants are sprayed with Fitoferm, Fufanon or Akarin.
If signs of spotting, anthracosis, and other unhealthy changes are found on the leaves, the crown of the shrub is treated with fungicides or Bordeaux liquid (50 g per 5 l of water).
Conclusion
Currant Delicacy, thanks to its yield, high quality berries, frost resistance and disease resistance, is popular with gardeners. The only drawback of culture is low self-fertility. It is compensated by planting pollinating varieties on the plot. Shrubs do not need special care: it is enough to follow the general rules of agricultural technology for black currants.
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