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On the basis of the South Ural Research Institute of Gardening and Potato Growing, many new varieties of vegetables and fruits have been bred. One of the assets of the institute is the Bazhovskaya honeysuckle. The variety was named after the children's writer Pavel Bazhov. Now this culture is at the peak of popularity not only among connoisseurs of bright taste of fruits, but also among landscape designers.
Description of edible honeysuckle Bazhovskaya
A distinctive sign of the berries of this shrub is a tasting score of 5 points, without bitterness. Average fruit weight 1.3 g, dark blue. The shape of the berries resembles barrels with a characteristic bloom for this plant family.
The bush itself has the following characteristics:
- Spreading.
- Curved shoots.
- Winter hardy.
- Cross-pollinated.
- Fast-growing, bears fruit 1.5 months after flowering.
- Low yield, up to 1.5 kg.
- Winter and drought resistant.
Young branches are dark green with a purple tint. The leaves are lanceolate, large. Fruiting occurs in 3-4 years. The height of the Bazhovsky honeysuckle bush reaches 1.8-2 meters.
Honeysuckle berries are barrel-shaped and have a characteristic dark blue color.
Planting and caring for honeysuckle Bazhovskaya
Planting is best tolerated by plants with a closed root system. The roots of Bazhovskaya honeysuckle bushes emit a huge amount of biological active substances, so gooseberries and black currants can be grown nearby. Stone and pome crops grow well together.
There are no special conditions for caring for the plant, periodically it is watered, fed and preventive pruning is done.
Landing dates
The ideal time for planting Bazhovskaya honeysuckle is after the snow has melted, during the swelling of the buds. If you missed this moment, then it is better to postpone the landing to the autumn, when the resting phase begins. Before the frost begins, the roots of the honeysuckle seedlings must take root. This period falls on the last decade of September.
The closed root system of honeysuckle allows them to be planted in the fall or spring season. Plants with an open root system are more whimsical, so it is better to plant them in the fall, since in the spring it will be difficult for a plant to simultaneously increase the root mass and develop the crown, which in most cases leads to the death of honeysuckle.
The plant is completely undemanding to care for.
Selection and preparation of the landing site
Honeysuckle Bazhov's unpretentious culture, but it cannot be completely ignored. Bushes are planted in areas where the soil warms up well, there is no draft.
There are practically no special requirements for the soil, the main thing is that it is not sandy and swampy. If the soil is acidic, then before planting, about a month in advance, it should be limed.
Landing rules
Bazhovskaya honeysuckle is planted at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. The row spacing should be from 2 to 2.5 m. If this rule is not followed, the bushes will join together as they grow, and the yield will decrease. Before planting, be sure to clear the entire area of weeds.
Preparation and landing:
- First, you should dig a hole 50x60 cm in size, for several plants you can make a trench 5-7 days before planting.
- At the bottom, it is advisable to lay out a drainage layer, which can be broken brick, expanded clay or crushed stone.
- Then fertilize.
- Make an earthen mound and deepen the root collar 4-5 cm below ground level.
- Compact the soil.
- Make a watering roller 15 cm high.
- Water each bush abundantly with water (1.5-2 buckets).
- Lay out the trunk circle with mulch.
For fertilization, make a mixture of humus, wood ash, or use Agrovitkor ready-made. To improve the moisture content, the addition of vermiculate is allowed.
Before planting seedlings with an open root system, they are carefully examined. All broken branches are cut off, and the roots are shortened to 30 cm. Before planting, it is advisable to immerse them in a bucket with an earthen mash.
Seedlings with a closed root system can be planted in autumn and spring
Watering and feeding
Watering Bazhovskaya honeysuckle should be as the top layer of the earth dries up. From May to June, about 4-6 waterings are carried out. If the moisture evaporates quickly, then the soil is mulched.
Fertilizers are applied 3 times throughout the season:
- During the flowering period, around April, you need to add a mixture of ammonium nitrate and urea.
- During the ripening of the fruits of honeysuckle, in July, fertilize with nitrophosphate or slurry.
- After picking the berries, potassium salt or superphosphate is added in September.
Mulching is recommended 2-3 times throughout the season. It can be humus or peat.
It is recommended to apply organic fertilizers every 3 years.
Pruning honeysuckle varieties Bazhovskaya
Adult bushes of Bazhovskaya honeysuckle are subject to regular sanitary pruning. Be sure to remove broken, dried and diseased branches.
To avoid damage to the flower buds of honeysuckle, the upper young shoots are not touched.
Older plants are allowed to do anti-aging pruning. To do this, the bush is pruned at a height of 50 cm from the ground. After 3 years, the bush will fully recover.
To avoid fungal infection, after the end of flowering, the shoots are pruned by ½ and use Bordeaux mixture for spraying.
Wintering
Bazhovskaya honeysuckle tolerates frosts down to -30 °S. Therefore, if we are talking about the middle and southern zone of Russia, then the shelter is not required. Without fail, the bush is thoroughly watered before wintering.
The trunk circle is thoroughly cleaned of debris, dead leaves and the soil is covered with compost, which will protect it from frost.
Honeysuckle tolerates harsh winters, so it does not require shelter
Reproduction of edible honeysuckle Bazhovskaya
Reproduction takes place by rooting annual shoots or cuttings. The most time consuming method is seed.
To grow honeysuckle from a cutting, take a 20 cm long process, necessarily from a young branch, and drop it in at an angle of 45ABOUT by 2/3. Before planting, the soil must be abundantly moistened.
With the layering method, the lower branch is attached to the ground with a staple or wire and sprinkled with earth.
Seed method:
- Seeds are collected from selected fruits at the end of summer and dried.
- In autumn, a layer of sand is placed in a container, watered and sown seeds.
- Cover the container with a lid.
- Sent to the bottom shelf in the refrigerator until spring.
- Water the seeds every 2 weeks.
In the spring, the seeds are transplanted into fertile soil, the container is covered with foil and sent to a semi-dark place. When the first sprouts of honeysuckle appear, the film is removed. Saplings are planted in open ground in September. The land around the young honeysuckle must be mulched.
Honeysuckle pollinators Bazhovskaya
All varieties of honeysuckle are cross-pollinated. If it does not bloom, it means that plants of the same variety are planted on the site. For fruiting honeysuckle Bazhovskaya optimal pollinators are: "Magic", "Sineglazka" and "Amphora".
Diseases and pests
Despite its unpretentiousness and resistance to disease, Bazhovskaya honeysuckle can still suffer from a number of pests:
- Honeysuckle aphid. Its appearance is characterized by a yellowing of the bush. You can get rid of it by spraying with infusions of pepper, tobacco or garlic. The drug "Eleksar" and "Aktara" are suitable.
- Honeysuckle mite. In the presence of this pest, dark spots appear on the leaves, and by the end of summer the leaves become brown and even dry out completely. To get rid of the tick, use "Actellik" or "Rogor". Thinning is also recommended, since often its appearance is associated with a strong thickening of the planting.
- Honeysuckle fingerfly. A characteristic sign of the appearance of a pest is the darkening of the fruit even at the stage of ripening. Honeysuckle berries shrivel and actively crumble. You can get rid of the problem with the help of "Inta-Vir", a tincture of potatoes or tomatoes will do.
- Powdery mildew. The appearance of this problem is characterized by a whitish coating on the underside of the honeysuckle leaves. The drug "Topaz" or the treatment of foliage with wood ash helps from it.
If the Bazhovskaya honeysuckle is infected with phytoviruses, then no means will help, the bushes are completely dug up and burned. In the presence of a phytovirus, brown spots and a light green tint along the central vein appear on the foliage.
The plant rarely gets sick, but if it is infected with a phytovirus, then the bush is completely destroyed
Conclusion
Honeysuckle Bazhovskaya is not only an unpretentious culture and gives tasty and healthy fruits, but also an ornamental plant that will decorate any site. With proper care, the bush can bear fruit up to 25-30 years.
