Content
There are many varieties of garlic that are planted in spring or late fall. Dobrynya garlic belongs to the winter species intended for planting before winter. Among its analogues, the variety stands out for many positive characteristics, which attracts gardeners. First of all, it is valued for its frost resistance, strong immunity and ease of care.
Breeding history of the variety
Dobrynya garlic is the result of Russian selection, obtained relatively recently. A similar name was given in honor of the character of Russian folk tales - the second hero after Ilya Muromets.
It is included in the group of winter varieties of the arrow type. It was entered into the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2002 as a self-sufficient variety of garlic culture. Recommended for growing in all regions of the Russian Federation, in private household plots and small horticultural farms.
Description of the variety of garlic Dobrynya
Dobrynya garlic belongs to a variety with a late ripening period. They start harvesting after 125-130 days, after the first shoots appear in the spring. Popular among gardeners, especially in central Russia, because of its resistance to low temperatures.
Detailed description of winter garlic variety Dobrynya:
- Forms fleshy dense foliage of greenish-white color, up to 60 cm high.The width of the leaf plate is 2 cm.
- Root crops (heads) are rounded, light gray, with lilac veins. Includes up to 12 shares, with a total weight of about 60 grams.
- The pulp is dense and aromatic, sweetish, with a mild pungency in the taste. Has a cream color.
- The surface shell of the cloves is scaly with a lilac sheen.
The dry matter content in the head of garlic is about 40% and the sugar content is 24%. In 100 grams of the product, up to 10 mg of ascorbic acid is noted.
Characteristics of the Dobrynya garlic variety
The characteristic of winter garlic Dobrynya includes a number of its advantages, thanks to which it occupies a leading position among other varieties. First of all, they include: consistently high and abundant yield, frost resistance, high resistance to diseases and pests.
The Dobrynya variety is universal in use: it is actively used not only in cooking, but for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes (an effective anti-cold remedy). Suitable for fresh consumption, as well as a preservative and aromatic additive in preparations for the winter. It is added to meat, fish dishes and soups, which transforms their taste beyond recognition, and brings a touch of piquancy.
Yield
Dobrynya's garlic is a late-ripening arrow variety. From the day of disembarkation to full maturation, about 130 days pass. The heads are large, consist of at least 10 parts, each weighing 5 g. In general, the root crop grows in mass, about 55-60 g.
The variety is famous for its high yield rates - 2-2.5 kg per square meter of planted area.
Planting early in warm weather encourages vigorous growth. Prematurely appeared green shoots freeze out. Consequently, the crop will be partially ruined, and the rest will give small heads. With late planting, the seeds will not have time to germinate and form a strong root growth. If the garlic overwinters successfully, then in the spring they begin to grow not so intensively.
Disease and pest resistance
The winter garlic variety Dobrynya has a stable immunity, especially against phytophthora. Pests bypass it, as they do not tolerate a sharp aroma.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Like all vegetable and fruit crops, Dobrynya garlic is evaluated from two sides: advantages and disadvantages. The first category includes:
- consistently high yield;
- cold resistance;
- counteracting fusarium;
- decent consumer and taste qualities;
- the possibility of long-term storage, while maintaining the initial indicators (about six months).
Of the obvious shortcomings, drying and decay of the bulbs are distinguished with keeping quality, more than 6 months.
Planting and caring for garlic
Despite the unpretentiousness of Dobrynya garlic in care and resistance to various negative external factors, adherence to a number of agrotechnical measures during planting and correctly selected timing affect the yield.
In terms of climatic conditions, the winter variety Dobrynya is suitable for cultivation on the territory of Russia and neighboring states: Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus.
Planting dates for garlic
The optimal period for planting winter garlic of the Dobrynya variety is mid-autumn, approximately 1-1.5 months before the onset of the first frost. Dates vary depending on local climatic features: in the south - until early November, in the middle lane and to the north - all September. Then the garlic cloves will successfully take root until December and winter safely, since they will not have time to germinate.
In order to successfully navigate the planting dates, it is recommended to control the degree of soil cooling by measuring with a thermometer. The optimal indicator is + 12-13 ° С.
Garden bed preparation
The Dobrynya variety is not particularly capricious, but does not tolerate depleted and dry soil. The site is selected sufficiently illuminated, since the culture for setting the fruits requires the absorption of ultraviolet radiation, at least 2-3 hours a day. The ideal predecessors of Dobrynya garlic are: strawberries, tomatoes, potatoes.
The future location of the garlic is dug up, while adding potassium-containing additives and superphosphate, each 25-30 g per 1 sq. m. If necessary, the soil is flavored with organic matter: sheet compost, rotted manure. The clay composition is diluted with river sand or peat.
Form the beds and let them stand for two weeks. It is due to the fact that in an overly loose substrate the garlic of this variety grows small and cannot be stored for a long time.
Planting garlic
Dobrynya's garlic cloves are carefully selected, excluding: damaged, moldy, rotten, chipped. The bottom should be even, without any violation of integrity.
The winter variety Dobrynya is planted according to a certain scheme:
- rows located at a distance of 25 cm from each other;
- the interval between garlic is 13-15 cm;
- to a depth of 3 to 5 cm.
Failure to comply with these rules leads to freezing of Dobrynya garlic in winter.
The teeth are stuck with the bottom down, not particularly sealing. Sprinkle with soil mixture on top. Watering is not required after completion of the work.For regions with frosty winters, one caveat is implied - mulching beds with garlic with straw, sawdust or other plant waste. With the first warmth of spring, such protection is removed to open access to light, air and moisture.
Growing garlic
Further cultivation of Dobrynya garlic is not much different from similar varieties. Main agrotechnical measures:
- systematic loosening of the substrate;
- elimination of weeds;
- moderate watering from a watering can;
- appropriate and timely feeding.
The first time the plantings are fed in early spring, after loosening. Ammonium nitrate is used for this, at the rate of 13 g per sq. m. When the soil is depleted, it is recommended to additionally add organic fertilizing or complex mineral compositions.
The procedure is repeated again in 10-12 days, then it is necessary to introduce nitroammophoska, in an amount of 35 g per ten-liter bucket of water. In mid-July, when the garlic is actively increasing its volume, the soil mixture is flavored with dissolved superphosphate.
Garlic beds are watered regularly and abundantly, but without creating swampiness. Two weeks before the planned digging of the crop, watering is completely stopped. To accelerate the ripening of the onions, the upper part is exposed, raking the ground 2-3 days before harvesting. If you cut off the arrows released by garlic in June, then its amount will ultimately increase significantly.
Harvesting and storage
The readiness of garlic for digging is determined by its appearance: the foliage turns yellow, dries up, falls to one side, the scales become denser. It is not worth delaying the harvesting work, since overripe garlic tends to disintegrate into separate components.
It is advisable to harvest the crop in dry weather, then it is more convenient to spread the vegetables for drying in the open air. In the rain, garlic is placed under a canopy. When the tops are completely dry, they are cut off, leaving a few centimeters at the base of the bulbs. Be sure to shorten the roots.
For long-term storage of the Dobrynya variety, you will need a room with working ventilation and good drying. The optimum temperature range is from 0 to +4 ° С. Garlic is packaged in nets or small boxes.
Garlic propagation methods
Gradually, the Dobrynya variety loses its original characteristics and requires updating. It is recommended to rejuvenate the garlic planting every 3-4 years. For this, air bulbs are used, which are formed on winter garlic in early spring, when it starts up arrows.
Seeds from them are sown immediately and at the end of the growing season they give one-toothed. The next year, they form into full-fledged bulbs.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Dobrynya garlic is rarely attacked by pests and practically does not get sick, if you follow the basic cultivation techniques. But in the process of active growth in summer, cases of damage are not excluded: fusarium, root rot. The most dangerous parasites are root mites, nematodes, onion flies and hoverflies.
The cause of fusarium wilting is excessive moisture, against the backdrop of consistently warm weather. You can understand that garlic is withering by the yellowing and wilting foliage. The affected heads become loose, slimy and easily removed from the soil.
Rot occurs during storage of garlic. The teeth soften, become covered with small ulcers and partially rot.
Since garlic is eaten, treatment with fungicides and insecticides is unacceptable. The only way to combat diseases and pests is to plant healthy material, proper care, and adherence to the principles of crop rotation. Diseased plants are dug up and disposed of. After that, the site cannot be planted with garlic for the next 4 years.
Conclusion
Dobrynya garlic is considered the best among winter varieties, due to a wide range of advantages.First of all, the variety is valued for its ease of cultivation and resistance to diseases, so it is suitable for novice gardeners to gain experience.
Testimonials
Dobrynya garlic is popular, as evidenced by multiple positive reviews. However, not everyone is delighted with it, so it is worth familiarizing yourself with the variety from two sides.
