Content
Winter garlic Parus: a description of the variety, reviews and cultivation features will be of interest to gardeners of all regions. The variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia in 1988.
Breeding history
The Parus variety is an achievement of Soviet breeders. It was bred in Russia at the enterprise FGBNU "Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing", which is located in the Odintsovo district of the Moscow region. Agronomists managed to obtain a high-yielding winter variety that is resistant to frost and disease. Winter garlic Parus can be grown in all regions of the post-Soviet space.
Detailed description
The shape of the bulbs of the Parus garlic is round-flat, they consist of 6-8 cloves with dense, pungent-tasting pulp. The outer scaly cover is gray-white, at the teeth it is brown with purple veins. The fibrous root system is located close to the surface, the plant needs regular watering, but does not like waterlogging of the soil.
Lanceolate, long leaves - about 1 cm wide, have a pointed end. The false stem is formed due to the growth of young leaf plates from the middle of old leaves.
Peduncles are twisted into a spiral at the ends before flowering. In the inflorescence - an umbrella covered with a dense wrapper, together with sterile flowers, there are airy bulbs - bulbs. Seeds on the Parus garlic are not formed.
Variety characteristics
The winter variety Parus belongs to the mid-season, arrow-headed. It takes 3-3.5 months from germination to full technical ripeness. The maximum height of narrow, long leaves is about 55 cm, the arrows are 2 times longer. The variety is distinguished by its yield, resistance to cold and diseases, and excellent taste. The crop is suitable for growing in regions with a harsh climate, without harm to further vegetation, it tolerates soil freezing down to -22 ° C.
Garlic of the Parus variety is propagated vegetatively - by dividing the bulbs and air bulbs formed in the peduncles. Arrows of plants not intended for reproduction must be removed in a timely manner. After harvest, winter garlic is stored in dry, cool rooms, at a temperature of + 1 ... +3 ° C. Planted in the beds in September.
Yield
One garlic bulb Parus weighs from 30 to 47 g. With good care from 1 sq. M. m can be harvested up to 1.8 kg. If the plot is not watered during the summer, the yield will be 2 times less. The size of the bulbs is influenced by the timely removal of growing arrows. If the arrows are not cut off, all the growth force will go towards tying air bulbs in the peduncles, the mass of the bulbs with arrows does not exceed 15-20 g.
Sustainability
Winter garlic Parus, according to gardeners, is well preserved, frost-resistant. Suitable for growing in all regions of Russia, suitable for vegetable growing. In rare cases, it can be affected by peronosporosis, stem nematodes or bacterial rot. Garlic of the Parus variety is not picky about care, but responds well to watering and feeding.
The harvested crop is perfectly stored throughout the year. The teeth planted in the fall give amicable shoots in the spring. Preventive spring treatment of garlic beds with fungicides and insecticides helps to get a good harvest in July.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantage of the variety is its high yield, frost resistance, good taste. Garlic Sail, shown in the photo, is suitable for growing in regions with a harsh climate, is little affected by diseases.From the planted bulbs, you can independently obtain high-quality planting material. The disadvantages include the ability to shoot.
Planting and leaving
Garlic variety Parus is planted in fertile soil with a neutral reaction of the environment. On acidic soil, a high yield can not be expected. The culture does not tolerate close standing groundwater and shading. Poor precursors for garlic are potatoes, onions, and garlic itself. The culture grows well after legumes, cucumbers, zucchini, cabbage.
The preparation of the beds is done 3 weeks before planting, so that the soil is compacted and settled. To increase the fertility of the site, fertilize it with humus, ash, superphosphate and potassium sulfate. If the soil is acidic, add dolomite flour to it.
Landing order:
- Selected bulbs with large teeth are planted.
- The planting material must be clean, free from damage and stains.
- The teeth are disassembled in size, they should not have a dead part of the old bottom, this will prevent the formation of roots.
- Planting is carried out 35-40 days before the onset of stable winter cold weather. For the Moscow region and the Leningrad region - this is the end of September.
- In a month, the teeth have time to take root, which allows them to overwinter well and give new shoots in spring.
- Small bulbs from inflorescences are planted separately to obtain high-quality planting material for the next year.
Planting depth is important. Winter garlic of the Parus variety, according to gardeners, should not be planted too shallow or buried. The distance from the top of the clove to the surface of the earth should be about 3 cm. Between the rows, an indent of at least 20-25 cm is made. 5-8 cm are left between the cloves. After planting the beds, it is advisable to mulch with humus, peat, rotted horse manure.
Caring for winter garlic of the Parus variety:
- The first feeding with a urea solution is carried out in early spring, as soon as the shoots of garlic appear. Water the garden bed on wet soil.
- The next top dressing is carried out after 15 days with a complex mineral fertilizer, this is repeated before harvesting.
- Garlic is watered every 7 days, spending at least 1 liter of water for each plant.
- As soon as the arrow appears, it is cut off.
- To obtain planting material, several of the strongest and largest plants are left.
- Around mid-July, when the mantle on the arrows begins to burst, it's time to dig out the garlic. By this time, half of the leaves will dry out and turn yellow.
The day for harvesting is dry and sunny. When digging up the bulbs, try not to damage them with a shovel. The harvested Parus garlic is suspended by the stems in a dry room and wait until it dries. After 2 weeks, the stems with dried leaves are cut off, the roots of the bulbs are scorched over the fire.
Diseases and pests
Garlic of the Parus variety can infect bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. They need to be distinguished so that the chosen method of protection and treatment is effective.
Common diseases:
- black spot;
- neck rot;
- bacterial rot;
- peronosporosis;
- fusarium;
- rust.
Diseases often manifest during storage, leading to rapid deterioration of garlic stocks. For prevention, only healthy planting material is used. In the spring, in order to destroy pathogenic bacteria in the soil, the site is treated with copper-containing preparations.
Fusarium is a dangerous fungal infection of winter garlic. The plant begins to lag behind in growth, the lower leaves and stem turn yellow, the bottom rots. Compacted soil and excessive moisture contribute to the development of the disease. For prevention and treatment use the drug "Fundazol".
When damaged by rust, the leaves of garlic turn yellow, black dots appear on them. To prevent disease, garlic beds are treated with fungicides in the spring.
Viral diseases - yellow dwarfism and mosaic, are transmitted most often with seed, insect pests, contaminated soil and work tools. Sick plants are destroyed.
Various pests parasitize on garlic:
- root mite;
- stem nematode;
- onion moth.
To combat parasites, garlic beds are treated with insecticides and acaricides in the spring.
Conclusion
Garlic Parus: a description of the variety, reviews and photos allow you to make sure of its reliability and quality. This is a good choice for planting in a summer cottage. Its yield and sustainability have been proven by the experience of many gardeners. The good, pungent taste allows garlic to be used for cooking and preservation. The Parus variety practically does not get sick, it is frost-resistant, the culture can be grown in any region of the Russian Federation.
