Content
Growing pumpkins in a garden or summer cottage is associated with the peculiarities of the culture. Pumpkins have a long growing season that can last up to 150 days. During the formation and ripening of fruits, the culture consumes an increased amount of nutrients from the soil, so it needs regular feeding. Pumpkins turn yellow for various reasons: sometimes this can be due to a lack of useful elements, sometimes it is evidence of diseases.
Possible causes of yellowing of pumpkin leaves
Pumpkins are grown by seedling and seed methods. It depends on the characteristics of the variety, as well as on the climatic conditions of the region. In the southern territories, seeds are sown in open ground, but in the north of the country, only the seedling method is used. The reason for the yellowing of pumpkins can be hiding in a violation of the planting technology, lack of pre-sowing preparation and much more.
It is easy to cope with the problem of yellowing of leaves if the cause is determined in a timely manner and the necessary measures are taken. During the growing phase, the seedlings turn yellow due to lack of light. To provide the seedlings with optimal conditions for growth, they are satisfied with a day of light lasting at least 10 hours. In the absence of natural light, lamps are installed above the seedlings.
Weather
Temperature fluctuations can be one of the main reasons pumpkins turn yellow. This natural factor is difficult to influence, but it is possible to help the plant adapt faster. The pumpkin turns yellow if there is a sharp change in temperature:
- the air temperature during the day dropped to +10 ° C;
- a prolonged drought was replaced by a sharp cold snap;
- there were frosts at night.
With the onset of return frosts, the pumpkin turns yellow after freezing. As a rule, this applies to the tips of the leaves and those lashes that are on the ground.
Lack of nutrients
Lack of nutrition is one of the most important items on the list of reasons. This is a unique culture, for its full development it needs fertile soil, from which it receives the maximum amount of nutrients.
At different stages of development, the culture needs to be supplemented with a variety of dressings. In order to exclude wilting and yellowing of the leaves, a special schedule of necessary fertilizing has been developed for the pumpkin:
- After planting, the bush is fed when the 5th - 6th leaf appears, organic fertilizers are applied.
- Before flowering, fertilize with organic fertilizers and mineral mixtures with a high potassium content.
- When flowering, additional root dressing with potash compounds is required.
- During the fruiting period, pumpkins need to be supplemented with potassium, phosphorus, calcium.
These are the main dressings that must be carried out. If the soils of the region in which the pumpkin is grown are not rich in nutrients, then feeding is carried out more often.
The green mass is processed by the foliar method, vitamin formulations are sprayed from a spray bottle.
Diseases
Pumpkin is considered resistant to many diseases, but if it becomes infected, then it can be quite difficult to cure it.
Among the dangers that lead to the fact that the pumpkin turns yellow, a special place is occupied by fungal infections.They develop quickly, and the source of the disease is difficult to find. Infection begins deep in the soil: the fungus primarily affects the root system.
- Bacteriosis... It begins to show a slight yellowing of the leaves, which quickly turn brown. Stains appear on the back of the plates, then they dry. The infection captures the entire plant: the fruits do not develop according to the usual scenario, but begin to deform and become covered with dry spots;
- Powdery mildew... One of the most dangerous diseases for different types of vegetable crops. On a pumpkin, it begins to appear with the appearance of a whitish bloom. As a concomitant symptom, the green mass turns yellow. The scourges gradually wither and dry up. This leads to a complete loss of pumpkin immunity, therefore, insects and other diseases can join the main disease at this stage;
- White rot... The first stage begins with a slight yellowing of the leaf plates at the edges, then they are covered with a white bloom. At the next stage, the plaque becomes slimy, and rotting begins. White rot spreads throughout the plant: stems, leaves and fruits are affected;
- Root rot... A characteristic sign of the disease is yellowing of the lower leaves of the pumpkin. This is due to the fact that the root system is at the stage of decay, the parts of the plant closest to the roots are affected first. Gradually the whip turns yellow, starting from the central stem. This is due to the impossibility of the roots to provide parts of the plant with nutrients and a minimum set of nutrients necessary for growth;
- Yellow mosaic... This disease affects young bushes. The leaves turn yellow, curl around the edges. The fruits bend during formation, then become covered with mosaic spots. Bushes grow slowly, do not respond to additional feeding, because, most often, they are not able to assimilate useful elements.
There can be several reasons for contracting fungal infections. These include:
- Watering violations. Waterlogging of the soil leads to rotting of the roots. In addition, cold watering can be a risk factor. Plants often start to ache if they have not been watered for a long time, and then watered abundantly.
- Failure to comply with crop rotation. Planting a pumpkin in the same area for several years in a row is excluded. This leads to depletion of the soil, loss of defense mechanisms.
- Spread of the fungus weeds and insects. When growing pumpkin, it is recommended to weed the areas in a timely manner and make sure that the soil is loosened.
Pests
Pumpkin leaves turn yellow if insect pests enter the plant.
- Spider mite... This is the most common type of driver. He enmeshes the leaves and stems with cobwebs, feeds on the sap of the plant. This leads to yellowing of the leaves, their gradual wilting. Then the leaf plates dry out and crumble. The skin of the formed fruit begins to crack.
- Melon aphid... These insects prefer to settle on the back of the leaf plates. At first, the leaves turn yellow, then wither and fall off. Aphid colonies grow very quickly. Clutches of eggs can be found on all parts of the plant. The fight against aphids is complicated by the fact that after removal of adults, inconspicuous larvae remain on the plant.
- Slugs... Pests appear on pumpkin in cloudy rainy weather. They begin to eat parts of the plant, as a result of which the remaining ones turn yellow and wither. Slugs are easy to spot on close inspection, but difficult to deal with.
What to do if pumpkin leaves turn yellow
When signs of disease or insect infestation are detected, various agricultural techniques are used. Their choice depends on the stage of development of the problem and the state in which the pumpkin is located.
With temperature changes
If the reason that the pumpkins turn yellow is a cold snap, then gardeners are advised to additionally cover the pumpkin with industrial materials.At the same time, during the time that the pumpkin spends under additional shelter, it is periodically ventilated, since the accumulation of condensate on the film can damage the plant.
Hot, sunny weather can cause yellowing. Leaf plates turn yellow and begin to dry out if burns have formed on them. Direct sunlight, especially on moist leaves, and then intense evaporation of moisture in the hot sun - all this leads to the fact that the entire surface of the leaf turns yellow, and not just its edges. If hot weather with a scorching sun is established in the region, it is better to shade pumpkins. This method will protect the plant from burns.
With a lack of nutrients
Nutrient deficiencies can be quickly replenished. If the pumpkin turns yellow because of this, then nitrogen-containing complexes are added to the soil to build up the green mass.
At the stage of fruit formation, it is recommended to use potassium chloride and superphosphates.
How to treat diseases
If the pumpkin has turned yellow due to fungal or bacterial infections, control measures include different treatments.
| Disease | Control measures |
| Bacteriosis | ● treatment with Bordeaux 1% liquid; ● destruction of infected parts; ● compliance with the principles of crop rotation. |
| Powdery mildew | ● spraying with a solution of colloidal sulfur (20 g per 10 l); ● adding mullein solution to the well; ● processing with "Topaz". |
| White rot | ● removal of weeds; ● sprinkling the soil with wood ash, chalk; ● treatment with copper sulfate. |
| Root rot | ● change of the top layer of soil; ● processing of the aboveground part with wood ash; ● treatment of the root collar with a 1% solution of "Furdanozol". |
| Yellow mosaic | ● seed treatment, disinfection; ● spraying with antifungal drugs. |
One of the methods of preventive work is pre-sowing preparation. Seeds must be treated with disinfecting solutions, hardened, tested for germination. These activities enhance the adaptive qualities.
The soil in which the pumpkin is grown must be disinfected if infected plants have grown on it in the previous season. Full compliance with crop rotation is required. Pumpkin is not planted after zucchini, melon, watermelon. Good neighbors for pumpkins are: tomatoes, carrots, eggplants.
How to treat pests
The best measure of protecting a crop from pests is preventive measures. They are carried out at the initial stage of plant development, when the adaptation period is over.
Treatment with decoctions of phytoncidal herbs is considered a good remedy. They prevent the reproduction of aphids, the appearance of a tick.
To destroy the pests that have appeared, insecticides are used. Processing, as a rule, takes place in several stages, since after the destruction of noticeable individuals, larvae may remain on the pumpkin.
Slugs must be removed from the pumpkin leaves by hand, otherwise they cannot be disposed of. Then the bushes are treated with solutions of tobacco or laundry soap to prevent their return. For solutions with tobacco, the leaves are infused for several days, then sprayed. Laundry soap is used for the soap solution. The shavings are dissolved in warm water and sprayed onto the leaves.
Conclusion
Pumpkins turn yellow for many reasons. If you carry out the preparation of seed material, as well as process adult plants in a timely manner, then the death of the plant or the loss of part of the crop can be avoided.
