Content
There are many different ways planting potatoes... Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. You can choose the appropriate method based on the recommendations of experienced potato growers. Having given preference to a new method, it is advisable to use it first in a small area.
Shovel landing
Another name for this method is a smooth fit. The easiest and most common way to plant potatoes. They make holes in the ground to a depth of 20 - 25 cm, fill up with humus, rotted manure and ash. A distance of at least 50 cm is left between the beds so that you can freely care for the bushes. In advance germinated and the processed potatoes are placed in a hole, covered with earth. The earth is leveled with a rake.
The advantages of this planting method:
- Ease of use;
- Requires no additional materials;
- There is no need for additional technical devices.
Disadvantages of the method:
- Relatively low yield;
- Time consuming planting and care process;
- Potatoes are not protected from adverse weather factors;
- Not suitable for heavy clay soils.
Caring for potatoes consists in timely watering, hilling, and pest control.
Some growers fill the holes with water during planting.
Disembarkation by Meathlider
A relatively new way of planting potatoes. Suitable for all types of soil.
The advantages of the method of planting potatoes:
- Saving time when preparing the soil;
- The ability to get a good harvest;
- Leaving during the growing season is minimal;
- The soil structure is improved.
Disadvantages of the method:
- Be sure to use crop rotation;
- Watch out for mulch;
- Removal required weeds in the aisles.
For this method of planting potatoes, narrow beds are made with a large distance between them. The width of the beds is 70 - 80 cm, the row spacing is at least one meter.
The beds are dug up in the fall, cleaning from weeds... Row spacings are not dug, weeds are removed only if necessary. Fertilizers, humus and ash are introduced into the ground during digging.
Many summer residents are mistaken, believing that with this method, the care of the aisles and the removal of weeds is optional. This is not the case, perennial weeds develop very quickly and, as a rule, have a branched, massive root system. Weed roots quickly spread to the potato bed, taking away nutrients from the potato. In addition, many roots can sprout through the tubers, significantly reducing the quality of the crop.
Weeds can be controlled in the following ways:
- Herbicide treatment;
- Manual weeding;
- By cutting the grass.
Herbicide treatment is the easiest and simplest way, but many do not accept it, considering the use of chemicals harmful and dangerous.
Weeding by hand is quite difficult, it takes a lot of time and effort.
Mowing grass is relatively easy, and using an electric scythe speeds up the process considerably. Cut weeds can be left in place and will prevent new weeds from growing.
In the spring, holes are made for planting. The depth should be about 30 cm, the distance between them is at least 40 cm. The holes are placed in a checkerboard pattern. After planting potatoes, the soil is mulched.
Most often, permanent beds are used for this method, in order to understand how to arrange it, you can watch the video.
Plant care consists in the timely watering of potato bushes and processing the tops from harmful insects.
Chinese way
This is a relatively new way of planting potatoes. With this method, all possible methods of stimulating the yield of potatoes are used at the same time.
The advantages of the Chinese way:
- High productivity;
- Saving space;
- The ability to quickly multiply the variety;
- Potatoes do not suffer from heat;
- Can be used on any soil.
Disadvantages of the method:
- Laborious process of planting and growing;
- Not suitable for northern regions;
- Requires a high level of agricultural technology;
- Cannot be used in wet areas.
The soil for planting potatoes is prepared in advance. Since autumn, they dig holes for potatoes, measuring one meter by one meter. Organic matter is placed at the bottom of the pit - food waste, leaves, potato peelings, hay, cut grass. For each pit add 2 - 3 glasses of ash. The excavated earth is left in the mounds.
In the spring, when the soil thaws, the pits are inspected, if they are covered with earth, they deepen. For planting, the soil must warm up to 7 - 8 degrees. Before disembarking, you need to deposit funds from the bear.
For planting, choose a large, healthy tuber, weighing at least 200 grams. A cross-section is made in the middle of the tuber, after which it is treated with a disinfectant to avoid rotting of the tuber. This activates the dormant eyes, the sprouts are 2 to 3 times larger.
Potato tubers are germinated in the light for 2 weeks, when the sprouts reach 10 cm, they are planted. The tuber is placed on the bottom of the pit, covered with prepared soil on top. To do this, the land from the garden is mixed with humus, sand, rotted manure and wood ash. The layer of earth above the potatoes should be at least 30 cm.
When sprouts appear, they are treated with potash fertilizers and again covered with fertilized soil by 30 cm, the procedure is repeated until the pit is completely filled. Treatment with potash and magnesium fertilizers is repeated weekly, alternating between them.
Nitrogen fertilizers should be applied carefully. An excess of nitrogen in the soil forces the plants to grow green mass at the expense of the tubers.
After the hole is full, the potato sprouts are allowed to grow up to 30 cm, after which they are carefully bent to the sides, fixed and added dropwise. The lower leaves on the stems are removed. The mound above the sprouts is sprinkled as the bushes grow. Fertilizer spraying continues.
In the northern regions, it is difficult to get a good harvest using this method, the soil at a depth of 80 - 90 cm warms up poorly, numerous tubers grow small.
Square-nesting method
The basic principle of the square-nested method of planting potatoes is that the potato bush is provided with ample space for nutrition and development.
The advantages of this method of planting potatoes:
- High productivity of the nest;
- Suitable for all cultivated soils;
- Does not require hilling;
- Bushes do not shade each other.
Disadvantages of this method:
- Weeding required;
- A large amount of humus is needed;
- Frequent watering is required;
- Bushes take up a lot of space;
- Not suitable for untreated soil.
The plot is divided into squares, the width of the sides of which is about 70 - 80 cm. In the corners of the squares, holes are dug 40 by 40 cm in size. Each hole is covered with humus, one or two potatoes are planted.
When the sprouts reach 20 - 30 cm, they are carefully bred to the sides, forming a nest, and humus is poured into the middle of the bush so that a slide is obtained. As the bush grows, the dusting is repeated three times.
Humus does not retain moisture well, so it is necessary to carefully monitor the moisture content of the soil.
Barrel landing
For this method of planting potatoes, it is advisable to choose a barrel without a bottom to avoid stagnant water. If there is no such barrel, be sure to make good drainage.
The advantages of the method of planting potatoes:
- Saves space;
- Gives the opportunity to get an early harvest;
- Plants are protected from many pests;
- There is no need to control weeds.
Disadvantages of the landing method:
- Not suitable for summer cultivation in southern regions;
- Planting and maintenance requires a lot of manual labor;
- There is a danger of waterlogging the roots.
Particular attention should be paid to soil preparation. If there are not enough nutrients for the potatoes, you should not count on a good harvest. A good soil should be lightweight, breathable and resistant to compaction. Sand and humus must be added to heavy clay soil.
At the bottom of the barrel, 20-30 cm of drainage is poured, which is covered with 30 cm of prepared soil. Put the potatoes in a barrel, sprinkle 20 cm with soil. As it grows, sprinkling with soil is repeated until the barrel is full.
Care consists in watering and treating pests.
Ridge landing
The old, proven method of planting potatoes is recommended for the northern regions, since those planted in combs potato tubers get more heat and oxygen. In the southern regions, there is a danger of overheating of the potato root system.
This planting method has many variations, often referred to as new planting methods. They differ only in the distance between the rows, the use of mulching, and different periods of fertilization.
The advantages of this method of planting potatoes:
- Can be used on wet soils;
- Suitable for heavy clay soils;
- High productivity;
- Harvesting does not require digging;
- An opportunity to get an early harvest.
Disadvantages of this planting method:
- Not suitable for southern regions;
- Planting and grooming requires manual labor;
- Requires a well-cultivated area.
The soil for planting potatoes is prepared in the fall, digging the soil to a depth of 20 cm. During the digging, the necessary fertilizers are applied.
In the spring, the beds are marked. The distance between them should be at least 70 cm.If the bed is two-row, the space is increased by 10 cm.
Sowing potatoes is carried out in spring on dry soil. Wet ground is difficult to form into ridges.
The potatoes are laid out in rows, if necessary, treated with insecticides. Cover the potatoes with soil, forming a small ridge. For filling potato tubers, most summer residents use a hoe. Sometimes a shovel or plow is used.
When the potato sprouts grow up, hilling is carried out, lifting the earth from the rows up to the ridge. This procedure is carried out three more times until the ridge reaches 40 cm. The video shows the process of ridge formation.
To save space, potatoes are often planted in two rows. To do this, the tubers are laid out in a checkerboard pattern, at a distance of 20 - 25 cm. The rows are united by a common comb.
Landing under a black film
The method is suitable for various types of soil, except for those on which moisture can stagnate.
The soil is prepared in the fall, dug up and fertilized. Be sure to choose a dry, sunny area. Can be used on an area significantly overgrown with perennial weeds. The black film does not allow them to develop, most of them will die during the season.
The main advantages of the method of planting potatoes:
- Doesn't require complicated maintenance;
- No soil crust forms;
- The soil is freed from perennial weeds;
- Suitable for regions with dry summers.
Disadvantages of the landing method:
- Poor soil aeration;
- The film is easily damaged;
- Requires financial investments;
- The need for drip irrigation.
In the spring, the beds are marked, along which the tapes for drip irrigation are laid out. The places where the tapes are located are marked outside the site.
A film is laid out on top of the tapes, its edges are added dropwise or fixed. For planting potatoes in a film, cuts are made crosswise, about 30 cm long. A hole is dug in the resulting hole, a tuber is laid in it, and covered with dug earth or humus. The edges of the film should be slightly wrapped in the hole. The distance between bushes in a row is 20 cm, between rows is 40 cm.
Care consists in treating pests.
Different methods of planting potatoes require a different approach to care and fertilization. To get a good harvest and not be disappointed, you need to soberly assess your strengths and capabilities.
