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Boxwood in Siberia is found quite often only because it is one of the few specially bred varieties of ornamental trees from the Boxwood family. An evergreen shrub is popular in central Siberia. Buxus is chosen for its unpretentiousness to growing conditions, quick adaptation to climate change. At any age, boxwood emphasizes the aesthetics and style of the garden, because it remains healthy and rarely gets sick throughout its life period.
Features of growing boxwood in Siberia and the Urals
Siberia and the Urals are considered the most frosty regions of Russia, but they are fertile enough and suitable for growing ornamental shrubs. The main feature when growing boxwood is the provision of high-quality plant care during the growing season. It is also not recommended to be late with sanitary pruning. Features when growing boxwood in Siberia, which are worth paying attention to:
- Landing place. This should be a southern section of the garden fenced with stones or trees.
- After snowfalls, you need to shake off the layers of snow so that the bushes retain the structure of the branches.
- In the spring season, it is advisable to cover the young boxwood with a cloth, so the foliage of the plant will not turn yellow.
- When planting, a thick layer of drainage is made so that the root system does not rot from an excess of moisture.
Siberia is characterized by a sharp change in climate, therefore, the peculiarities of planting and care must be observed. With proper care, the owner can grow a branchy and beautiful boxwood that blends harmoniously with the garden landscape.
The best varieties of boxwood for Siberia and the Urals
Since the appearance of the buxus, domestic breeders have tried to bring out varieties of shrubs that will be resistant to sudden changes in temperature and planting site. The best varieties received unique names and quickly spread throughout the colder regions of the country.
Blauer Heinz
Frost-resistant boxwood variety. Grows up to 20-30 cm in height. It is actively used to create a landscape pattern in spacious flower beds. The plant has a green-blue foliage color, a leathery surface on leaf plates.
Elegans
Evergreen shrub with variegated color on the leaves. Globular boxwood, grows up to 1 m in height, up to 75 cm in diameter. Suitable for growing at home and planting in pairs before entering the garden.
Faulkner
Siberian shrub with a slow growing season. Grows up to 1-1.2 m in height. The compact crown independently takes on the shape of a ball. After 3-4 years of cultivation, corrective pruning is required. Transfers frosts down to - 45 ° С.
Winter Jam
Frost-resistant boxwood variety. It grows up to 1-1.5 m. The crown needs frequent pruning to give the desired shape. Greens become vibrant in good lighting conditions. In Siberia, for the winter, the bushes are fenced with a covered frame from snow.
Balearic
The most common type of decorative axle box. It differs from its congeners by its rapid growth, high resistance to frost and drafts. Crohn with large foliage tolerates off-season pruning well. The greens of young bushes do not fade in the sun.
Planting and caring for boxwood in the Urals and Siberia
The cultivated varieties of evergreen boxwood in Siberia are suitable for cultivation in the Central and Southern regions of the country. Young seedlings need to be looked after for several months and comfortable conditions for plant rooting should be organized. Well-adapted tugs begin to develop on their own, they only need to be cut off and covered for the winter.
Landing dates
In Siberia, young boxwood is planted in early autumn or mid-October, since the flowering of an ornamental shrub occurs in the spring. A transplant of domestic or wild buxus can be done in any season of the year from early spring to mid-autumn. Purchased boxwood in Siberia can be planted in open ground from mid-March to late April, so the buxus will quickly take root. When planting at home, boxwood cuttings or seeds are planted in the summer or autumn, a month before the first frost.
Planting site and soil preparation
The planting site must be in the shade or have a fence that will protect the seedlings from drafts. It is not recommended to plant boxwood in a sunny area, the plant may not take root, or often you will have to plant young bushes instead of dried ones. For the regions of Siberia, the optimal place for planting is a slope or a flowerbed with a high border, the southern side of the garden. Also, preference should be given to an area with partial shade, where diffused natural light will contribute to the development of a shrub.
In Siberia, boxwood can take root on soil of any quality, but the roots develop quickly on loam, black soil, in clay soil. Groundwater is permissible at a level of 3-4 m from the depth of the planting pit. Otherwise, the roots will rot from an excess of moisture, boxwood bushes will be subject to frequent diseases. The soil is dug up several times until it is loose. The day before planting, a hole is dug: 60 cm deep and 50 cm in diameter. Part of the soil is mixed with a complex fertilizer, the site and the pit are treated with a highly concentrated solution of manganese to disinfect the soil.
Landing rules
Purchased boxwood seedlings in peat pots can be planted directly into the ground, after moistening the soil well. If the relic was originally grown at home, then when transplanting, you need to carefully remove the plant so that the fragile roots are not severely damaged. Buxus in warm regions of Siberia is planted together with the primary soil in a finished hole, sprinkled with a substrate of peat, compost and humus. In the photo, the process of planting and caring for boxwood in Siberia:
A watering circle is made around the shrub, the soil is tamped at the roots. In the absence of a barrier on the windy side, a support is placed and the seedling is tied up. If the soil is wet, then no watering is required for the next week. A sign that the boxwood is rooted is that there are no dried branches, the greenery does not fade within a week of acclimatization.
Watering and feeding
In the Urals or Siberia, planting in the spring should be done before the beginning of the growing season. During this time, the plant will get used to the new climate, soil and will be able to develop independently. Young boxwood is watered 2 times a week for 3-4 liters. In the first month, the quality of the top layer of the earth is monitored. White bloom indicates excess moisture or lack of oxygen to the roots. After a year of cultivation, the frequency of watering is reduced to 1-3 times a month. In a rainy period, you do not need to water the boxwood if it rained acid, the bush needs a shower from a watering can. For 1 adult bush of Siberian boxwood, there are up to 10 liters of water.
In the first year, feeding is not required if the roots were covered with a substrate during planting. After the frost has receded, the root circle is loosened, the soil is fertilized with ordinary compost. The next top dressing is applied in the summer, then in the fall and before the first frosts, the soil is fertilized with superphosphates.Potassium supplements are applied in small quantities at the same time as watering. Nitrogen or sulfur is added as a last resort, at the time of illness.
Pruning
Spring pruning is done as needed if dry, infected or damaged branches are found after removing shelters for the winter. Crown formation by pruning is used for 2 years of boxwood cultivation. Depending on the selected variety, 3-4 shaping pruning is carried out per season. To give an unusual shape, the shrub is grown in a special grid-pattern, along the contour of which an adult plant is cut.
Sanitary pruning is essential to prepare the plant for the winter. Garden shears cut the crown layer to the base of the living branches. Each section is disinfected with a weak manganese solution. Autumn pruning is sometimes unnecessary, but it can be used to flatten the shape of the crown.
Protection against diseases and pests
Boxwood is a poisonous plant for most pests, but the relic is not resistant to fungal diseases and some parasitic insects. The gall midfly destroys the trunk of the shrub: the greens wither or dry out, the root system is affected. In Siberia, infected boxwood quickly dies, and only healthy plants can be saved or protected from the pest in advance by spraying. The solution requires 10 mg of insecticides per 10 liters of water. The shrub is sprayed within a week after removing the shelters and before preparing for winter.
The mealy worm infects several bushes at once, which are covered with a white bloom. You can get rid of the parasite at an early stage of the spread of the infection. Boxwood is sprayed with a diluted solution of water and sulfur, sometimes complex chemicals are used. In case of necrosis of shoots, the infected branches are removed to a living place. Cancer of the root system spreads quickly, so a rapidly withering plant indicates a similar disease. The bushes are dug up and burned, and the place where the boxwood grew is disinfected.
How to cover boxwood for the winter in the Urals and Siberia
Despite its good adaptation to a changeable climate, boxwood for Siberia or the Urals is considered too heat-loving plant that needs to be covered for the winter. For shelter, use dense fabric, burlap, cardboard boxes. In Siberia and the Urals, in the first decade of October, the trunk of the relic is whitewashed with lime with copper sulfate, which will protect the trunk and roots from earth pests.
After sanitary pruning, the bushes are wrapped with cloth or other material, and the structure is additionally fastened with a rope. The base of the boxwood is mulched with hay, spruce branches or roofing material. Such procedures make it possible to tolerate low temperatures down to -30-50 ° C, which is typical for Siberia. The shelters are removed after the frost has completely retreated so that the branches do not become blocked.
Reproduction of boxwood
The shrub can be propagated independently by cuttings or seeds. Dividing the bush is rarely used, because the plant may not take root due to injured roots. Cuttings are prepared in early spring, after removing the shelters, strong young shoots are selected at the roots of the bush. Healthy cuttings are suitable for planting with a growth of 10-15 cm. The foliage is removed up to half the length of the shoot.
The cut of the shoot should be oblique. With a fresh end, the cutting is immersed in a solution of growth stimulants for 24 hours, then planting is carried out. After a month, the roots sprout, then the root system of the young box tree begins to develop. Seeds for planting are rarely used, because it is difficult to find quality material. For a test planting, a handful of seeds are poured into the hole. In the best case, up to 50% of the planting material will germinate on Siberian soil.
Conclusion
Boxwood in Siberia and the Urals takes root well and grows to a lush size. Thanks to quick adaptation in comfortable conditions, the shrub does not get sick, it easily transfers a haircut to the desired shape and sanitary pruning. With his presence, the garden plot takes on a modern look, boxwood is harmoniously combined with colorful or monochromatic plants.
