Content
Raspberry Brigantine has secrets that allow the variety to remain in demand.
The agricultural technology of the drought-resistant undemanding variety Brigantina is somewhat different from the usual care of raspberries. Performing simple tricks will help you get large yields of sweet berries.
The Mystery of the Brigantine
Considering the rate of emergence of new varieties, Brigantine raspberries can be called an old variety, which is time to "retire". But surprisingly, in the catalogs of trade organizations, the medium-late variety of raspberries Brigantine is still listed, which means it is for sale! And if you look at customer reviews, ratings, compare Brigantine's photos, then discrepancies on many points seem incomprehensible. Some have small berries - weight 2.7 grams, sour, others have large berries - 4 or more grams, sweet. According to the breeder I.V. Kazakov, who bred this variety, Brigantine is capable of revealing amazing properties. You just need to know the features of the Raspberry Brigantine, create conditions for unlocking the potential in full.
Pomology
The mid-late Brigantine raspberry gave birth to many new varieties. It is suitable for cultivation in Central Russia, Western Siberia, and the Urals. Brigantine bush 1.8-2 m high, corrugated leaves. Erect shoots, strong, covered with thorns, do not crack, frost-resistant. Round, slightly tapering berries, sour-sweet, juicy. The good density of raspberries allows them to be transported over long distances. The yield of raspberries of the Brigantine variety - depending on the care, varies from 2 to 5 kg. Brigantine blooms at the end of June, August ripening is amicable. The berries are numerous, do not crumble, easily separates from the stalk. The Brigantine variety is unpretentious, resistant to drought, fungal diseases.
Landings
Raspberry Brigantine - a variety of a two-year development cycle. At first, shoots grow, in the second year berries appear. Brigantine raspberry seedlings should be planted in places with good sun light. Then the berries become sweet and aromatic. The most suitable soil is medium to light loam, rich in nutrients, easily permeable by oxygen, quickly warmed up. Heavy loams for planting raspberries of the Brigantine variety are not suitable, they must be improved in the fall, bringing in for digging: sand - 2 buckets, humus - 3 buckets, wood ash - half a bucket. (Calculation per 1 sq. M.).
The installation of a trellis contributes to obtaining a bountiful harvest of raspberries of the Brigantine variety. The pillars are placed every 2.5 m, two wires in the sheath are pulled - otherwise the stems will receive sunburn. The lower wire is at a distance of 50 cm from the ground, the upper one - 1.5 m. The rows of the structure, directed from west to east, contribute to better illumination of the Brigantine bushes.
A trench 50 cm deep and 60 cm wide is dug along the trellis. The sides are lined with unnecessary pieces of galvanized iron, old slate, boards that prevent the shoots from getting out into the aisles. Above the ground, the fence should protrude 20-25 cm. The bottom is covered with humus - a layer of 5 cm, with the addition of wood ash - a liter jar for 1 bucket.
It is better to plant raspberries of the Brigantine variety in the fall - the last decade of September, early October. Raspberry seedlings are shortened to 50 cm. Pruning contributes to greater survival rate, the formation of the root system, and abundant growth of shoots.The distance between plants is 80-100 cm, in rows - 2 m.
Brigantine seedlings are covered with nutritious soil at the level of the root collar. Watering - 5 liters per plant. Mandatory mulching with humus, compost is not an easy task, but it allows you to abandon the laborious processes of caring for raspberries in the future: watering, weeding and loosening. It is better to sow wide aisles of raspberries of the Brigantine variety with lawn grass, clover. This will prevent overgrowth. weeds, will increase soil fertility.
Pruning
The increase in the yield of the Brigantine variety is facilitated by the correct formation of the bush, starting with spring pruning.
After the snow has melted at ground level, weak, smaller than the diameter of a pencil, broken, frozen shoots are cut out. Leave 15-20 main stems, which are shortened to the top strong point. In July, the appearing processes of the main stem are pinched.
After harvesting, it is necessary to remove the fruiting shoots.
In the fall, brigantines remove broken, diseased, thin shoots on the bushes. A properly formed bush leaves in winter with 15-18 ripe stems.
Mulching
Humus, which is a product of the vital activity of microorganisms and earthworms, affects the yield - an increase of up to 70%, taste - the sugar content and aroma increase. Mulching plantings of raspberries of the Brigantine variety with organic matter will create an environment conducive to the rapid development of fertility enhancers. As mulch, you can use:
- Rotten manure;
- Compost;
- Shredded plant residues;
- Grass without seeds;
- Last year's foliage of trees.
The layer of mulch on the beds with raspberry Brigantine should be double: first, foliage is laid, crushed plant residues - 10 cm, then humus or compost - 10 cm. Covering the soil with a layer of 20 cm helps to preserve the water and temperature regime of raspberry Brigantine, serves to protect the roots from freezing.
Constant mulching of raspberry bushes of the Brigantine variety simplifies care: the amount of watering is reduced, the process of loosening is excluded.
Top dressing
Laying mulch on the beds of Brigantina raspberries does not immediately give results, especially after mineral fertilizers. To create favorable conditions for the development of the Brigantine bush help liquid fertilizing with organic fertilizers, which are easy to prepare. Any capacious container (except for iron) is filled with manure by a third, filled with water, insisted for 3 days. Stir. The resulting slurry is diluted with water - in a bucket of 1 liter of infusion.
Manure can be replaced with any non-seeded grasses. The most useful is nettle. Legume plants will do. 5-7 kg of green mass is poured with water, insisted for 10 days. A liter of solution is diluted in 5 liters of water, half a glass of ash is added, stirred, consumed for 1-2 bushes.
Top dressing should be carried out as the mulch dries, but not less than 4 times. In a rainy summer, the amount of dressing is reduced. Raspberry Brigantine does not like waterlogging.
Watering
Many varieties of raspberries, depending on the weather, require 5-7 watering. The presence of mulch under the bushes cuts the amount in half. The Brigantine variety is drought-resistant. To obtain a bountiful harvest, there is enough soil moisture and rain. The exception is dry summers. During the period of pouring berries - the end of June, 1 deep watering is carried out. Other watering of the Brigantine variety is not required.
Loosening
Shallow or deep loosening touches the horse system of raspberries - lateral superficial growth occurs at a level of 10-12 cm.Injury stops growth, reduces the yield of raspberries. Mulching protects the beds from weeds, helps to retain moisture, and provides a loosened soil condition sufficient for the Brigantine variety.
Pests
There are enough insects using raspberries of the Brigantine variety for food and reproduction. Some feed on petals and nectar, others on juice, and still others on the contents of the stems. In addition, some insects are carriers of infectious and viral diseases that reduce yields and worsen the quality of Brigantine seedlings. Among the most zealous should be called:
- Stem fly;
- Stem raspberry gall midge;
- Raspberry beetle;
- Shoot gall midge;
- Spider mite;
- Weevil.
Strong damage to the shoots of raspberries of the Brigantine variety causes stem fly... The flight of the insect in May is the beginning of laying eggs on the tops of the stems. Shoots wither, turn black, die off.
Another pest of brigantine stems is raspberry gall midge... During the flowering period, females lay eggs on young shoots, which the larvae feed on. Bulges - Gauls, serve as a wintering place.
Grayish small raspberry beetle, hibernates in the ground, comes out with the onset of warmth. The main food for the beetle is flowers of fruit trees, honeysuckle, currants. Moving to raspberries, it eats away the buds, the first leaves. The beetle larvae feed on the receptacle, contributing to the worminess of the berries.
Damaged bark of raspberry shoots becomes a haven shoot gall midge... The female lays eggs - 160-200 pcs. The larvae live in colonies, using the plant for food. The bush dries up, dies.
Thickened plantings of Brigantine attract spider mite... Breeding, especially in dry years, strongly infects raspberry leaves. Turning yellow and curling, they fall off prematurely. Stems do not ripen well, frost resistance decreases. Females hibernate on leaves.
The aggressive destroyer of Brigantine buds is raspberry-strawberry weevil... At first, the beetle feeds on strawberries, then moves on to raspberries, destroying more than half of the buds.
Diseases
Insects contribute to the development of viral and fungal diseases on raspberries of the Brigantine variety, such as:
- Curliness of leaves;
- Rust;
- Botrytis;
- Anthracnose;
- Spotting.
Plant diseased curly leaves, remains green or yellowish. It is a carrier of the virus and must be removed.
Signs of rust - yellow-orange tubercles, first appear on the leaves, which later turn black. The stem type damages the root part of the shoot. The affected area turns brown, becomes covered with ulcers, the stem becomes flat. Falling leaves, drying of the stems leads to the death of the bush.
Dark bloom on berries called gray mold, is evidence of a fungal disease - botrytis. The berries rot, spread, transfer the disease to the stems and leaves.
The high humidity of the raspberry tree contributes to the appearance anthracnose - a fungal disease that affects stems, leaves, berries. A weakened plant does not tolerate winter frosts and dies.
The formation of purplishness on the leaves, which begins in a rainy summer, is caused by a fungal disease - purple spot... In August, the leaves dry out, crack, fall off, which leads to the death of the bush.
Protective measures
Before choosing a pest control method and raspberry disease varieties Brigantine, you should know: each type of insect has individuals that stably reproduce in a toxic environment. They will give numerous offspring that are resistant to pesticides. Next year there will be more pests, the doses of chemistry will have to be increased.
The vitality of the crop is highly dependent on the fertility of the soil. A strong plant is able to withstand various insects and diseases. Therefore, the best plant protection methods are:
- Planting healthy seedlings of the Brigantine raspberry variety purchased from reliable suppliers;
- Correct formation of the bush;
- Mulching the beds;
- Sodding of row spacing;
- Spraying with infusions of nettle, yarrow, celandine, repelling insects;
- Transfer of the Brigantine raspberry plantation to a new location in 10 years.
Testimonials
Conclusion
Raspberries of the Brigantine variety, like the sailing ship after which it is named, with improper agricultural technology, goes beyond the horizon - hides the best qualities. Compliance with the recommendations allows you to see the raspberry in all its glory - to get excellent yields of the old reliable variety.
