Content
Sea Buckthorn Jam will be a real find for those who have decided to plant a high-yielding and reliable crop variety. Reviews about sea buckthorn Jam are extremely positive, problems with its cultivation arise only in isolated cases.
Breeding history
The Dzhemovaya variety was bred in the Altai Territory, the originator is the Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture in Siberia. This variety was obtained by Siberian breeders as a result of free pollination of sea buckthorn Excellent. Since 2001, the Dzhemovaya variety has been undergoing a state test, and since 2015 it has been included in the State Register.
Description of berry culture
For clarity, the most important information about the sea buckthorn variety Jamovaya with a photo is presented below.
General understanding of the variety
Dzhemova bushes grow no more than 2.5 m, and erect shoots do not have thorns - all this contributes to a quick and safe harvest. Dark green leaf plates are medium in size and slightly concave in the middle. The rounded crown of the bush is of medium density.
Berries
The Jemovaya variety is valued, first of all, for the excellent taste characteristics of the fruit - the sour-sweet berries received a tasting rating of 4.4 points out of 5 possible. The variety belongs to large-fruited sea buckthorn: berry weight is 0.8-0.9 g. The shape is oval, elongated. Due to the bright orange-red color of the berries, Jam looks very decorative during fruiting.
Characteristic
Description of Sea Buckthorn Jam is presented by the detailed varietal characteristics given below.
Main advantages
Jam is distinguished by high indicators of drought resistance and frost resistance (up to -35 0From her shoots do not freeze). Like most other varieties of sea buckthorn, it is unpretentious in care - with proper planting and minimal care, it gives consistently high yields. When preparing a planting site for Dzhemova on the site, the type of soil should be taken into account - the variety grows well on any soils, except for heavy and acidic ones.
Flowering period and ripening time
Female sea buckthorn trees Jam bloom in early - mid-May, giving yellowish flowers without aroma. The ripening period of the variety is medium, so the fruits can be harvested in early autumn. Since climatic conditions are not the same in different regions of the country, these terms can be considered conditional.
Yield indicators, fruiting dates
The Jemovaya sea buckthorn variety is considered very productive and gives about 12 kg of fruit per bush. After planting, the sea buckthorn bush bears fruit in the 4th year.
Scope of berries
Dessert taste features of sea buckthorn berries of the Jemovaya variety allow them to be widely used in processing and preparation of preparations for the winter: juices, jams.The fruits are suitable for freezing.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety has good resistance to possible diseases and pests, with the exception of the sea buckthorn fly - this insect affects the Jam bushes most often.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The Dzhemovaya variety has a lot of positive characteristics, thanks to which it has gained great popularity among Russian summer residents. Among them are:
- undersized bush;
- lack of thorns;
- excellent frost resistance;
- large-fruited;
- sufficient length of the stalk;
- dessert flavor characteristics of berries.
This sea buckthorn has several significant disadvantages, for example, semi-dry separation of berries and frequent exposure to sea buckthorn fly.
Landing rules
In order for the Jemovaya variety sea buckthorn bush to take root, it is necessary to correctly plant it in a permanent place.
Recommended timing
Planting a Dzhemova bush depends on the presence of an earthen coma on the roots: if it is absent, then sea buckthorn is planted in early spring, as soon as the ground thaws, in late March - early April. For autumn planting, seedlings with a closed root system are suitable, then planting takes place at least a month before the onset of stable frosts.
Choosing the right place
When choosing a landing site for Dzhemova, several important requirements must be taken into account:
- Placing sea buckthorn on the site involves planting two seedlings - male and female specimens.
- The sea buckthorn bush bears fruit well only in sunny, well-lit areas, so there should be no shading (you should not plant sea buckthorn next to tall crops).
- The root system of sea buckthorn is powerful and spreading, so near groundwater it can freeze due to temperature changes. Also, due to the characteristics of the root system, Jam should be planted separately; proximity to any crops is undesirable.
- In order for pollination to occur efficiently and the pollen falls on the pistils of a female plant, when planting a male specimen, the direction of the wind is taken into account.
Soil preparation
To plant a young one-year-old Dzhemova bush, it is enough to dig a hole 50 × 50 cm and fill it with a nutrient mixture. Drainage is placed on the bottom, for example, river sand, a bucket of organic matter (compost, humus), mineral fertilizers, for example, 200 g of superphosphate, are poured on top, and sprinkled with an upper loose layer of soil until a flat surface is formed.
Selection and preparation of seedlings
Plants that have no signs of diseases and pests take root well, so it is important to examine the bushes in detail before planting. If it is possible to assess the condition of the root system, then you should pay attention to its development - the seedling should have 4-6 skeletal roots. The optimum height of the aboveground part is about 20 cm.
Algorithm and scheme of landing
The optimal seabuckthorn planting pattern is 3 × 2.5 m, but the distance can be increased. The seedlings are placed in the prepared holes, spreading the roots (with an open root system). It is recommended to plant grafted sea buckthorns on a small mound, so that during watering, the grafting site is not in the ground. Own-rooted sea buckthorn can be buried - they will put out additional roots.
Follow-up care of the culture
Growing sea buckthorn Jam is not difficult even for novice gardeners.
Necessary activities
Sea buckthorn care includes the operations below:
- Watering. After planting a Dzhemova seedling, they monitor the moisture content of the soil and water it so that it does not dry out. After the bush adapts to new conditions and takes root, watering is reduced and not carried out at all, with the exception of especially hot days.
- Top dressing. Jam is undemanding to soil fertility. In the first year of planting, you can not feed it at all if the bush was planted in fertilized soil. Fertilizing is needed by already fruiting adult specimens - in the spring they are fed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and in the summer and autumn - with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
- Barrel circle processing: weeding and loosening. To restrict growth weeds, to prevent the formation of a dry crust on the surface and to retain moisture in the soil, it is recommended to mulch the trunk circle of the bush.
Shrub pruning
The Jam bush is notable for its weak growth and not too dense crown, therefore it does not need to be formed. Pruning sea buckthorn is undesirable, as the culture does not tolerate it well. An autumn sanitary pruning of the bush into a ring is recommended - removal of diseased and dead branches in order to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Preparing for winter
Since the Jemovaya variety is characterized by high winter hardiness, it is not necessary to cover the bush for the winter in an adult state. In the first year of planting, it is advisable to mulch the trunk circle so that the root system does not freeze. Autumn activities include the introduction of fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus into the soil.
Diseases and pests
For clarity, possible diseases and pests of the sea buckthorn variety Dzhemovaya are collected in tables indicating prevention and treatment measures.
Table 1 - Pests
| Pest | Preventive measures | Control measures |
| Sea buckthorn fly | Mulching the trunk circle of a bush with a layer of 15 cm makes it difficult for the pest to fly out of the soil in spring | Chemicals: Intavir, Iskra, Fitoverm. Folk remedies: digging the soil in late autumn, treatment with tansy infusion |
| Sea buckthorn moth | Spring spraying during bud break with a solution of biological preparations ("Entobacterin", etc.) | Treatment with chlorophos (0.4%) during budding, metaphos (0.3%) during budding |
| Sea buckthorn aphid, gall mite | Timely removal of weeds and plant residues | Chemicals: Intavir, Kleschevit. Folk remedies: repellent infusions of tobacco, onion husks or garlic, potato and tomato tops |
Table 2 - Common diseases
Disease | Signs of the disease | Control measures |
Fusarium wilting | On the bark of the shoots, swelling, redness are formed, the leaves turn yellow and wither, the fruits are painted in a varietal shade, but do not pour | Carrying out sanitary pruning to ensure air permeability of the bush, followed by the destruction of the pruned shoots (burning). |
Scab | Black ulcers and spots on the bark and leaves of predominantly young branches, as well as fruits | At the end of the season, pruning of the affected parts of the bush is carried out, and in the spring - treatment with Bordeaux liquid of 1% concentration |
Endomycosis | The fruits are covered with light spots and burst, while a slimy grayish pulp flows out of the berry shell | Timely removal of affected fruits together with the branch. After flowering and while pouring the fruits, spraying with Bordeaux liquid of 1% concentration is carried out |
Diseases and pests most often affect weakened plants, the basic requirements for the care of which are not met. In order for the sea buckthorn Jam bushes to remain healthy and bear fruit successfully, it is necessary to pay special attention to feeding, pruning, weeding and loosening.
Conclusion
Sea buckthorn Dzhemovaya is appreciated by Russian gardeners and is widely spread in the country, since not every variety of culture is capable of combining so many advantages.
For a more detailed acquaintance with the cultivation of sea buckthorn, you can watch the video:
Testimonials
Summer residents who have tested the cultivation of bushes on their own experience leave the following reviews on the Jamovaya sea buckthorn variety on the Internet.
