Sea buckthorn Altai

Altai sea buckthorn is a shrub plant that can be grown almost anywhere in the country. The variety is distinguished by its excellent berry taste, high yield and unpretentious care.

Breeding history

The Altai sea buckthorn variety was bred in 1981 by crossing two crops at the Lisavenko Research Institute.
Fruit and berry crops became the progenitors of the bush - this is the form of the Katunsky ecotype and the sea buckthorn variety Shcherbinka-1. In 1997, the sea buckthorn hybrid passed state tests and received a certificate giving the right to use it in agriculture. Now the variety is included in the State Register of Fruit and Berry Crops.

Description of berry culture

A shrub of sea buckthorn with a plastic crown, which is easy to give the desired shape and volume. This quality allows the plant to be used as a landscape decoration and site decor.

General understanding of the variety

The shrub of the variety grows up to 3-4 meters in height, and the smooth and elastic branches of the Altai sea buckthorn form a lush crown. Young shoots of this variety are silver-gray in color, which darken and turn brown over the years. The leaf plate of the sea buckthorn bush is small and narrow, up to 6 centimeters long. On the outside, it is gray-green, and on the inside, it is covered with small scales that have a silvery hue. The flowers are small and white, with a delicate aroma, in spring they appear on the sea buckthorn bush before the foliage.

Berries

Sea buckthorn berries sit firmly on the branch, forming a cluster of bright orange. The fruit is oval, weighing from 0.8 to 0.9 grams. The flesh of sea buckthorn berries is fleshy and sweet in taste, and according to expert tasting estimates, this is the only variety that received 5 out of 5 points.

On a note! The calorie content in 100 grams of berries is 82 kcal.

Characteristic

It will be useful for a novice gardener to know the detailed characteristics of the Altai sea buckthorn variety and its advantages over other representatives.

Main advantages

The main advantages of the Altai shrub variety:

  • the height of the sea buckthorn bush is easily adjusted by cutting;
  • the fruits of the variety are sweet;
  • frost-resistant culture - up to -45 0FROM;
  • the bark of mature branches does not crack and remains flexible for many years;
  • large-fruited representative among other varieties of sea buckthorn;
  • high yield of berries - up to 15 kilograms per bush;
  • the variety is practically not susceptible to disease;
  • unpretentiousness to soil and care;
  • easily transported provided that the root system is treated with care.

Altai sea buckthorn belongs to the female variety, therefore, pollination occurs by transferring pollen from male shrubs. For this purpose, the recommended varieties are Alei, Ural and Adam.

Important! For a rich harvest, pollinators for Altai sea buckthorn should be planted in the same row with it or in the neighboring territory on the windy side.

Flowering period and ripening time

The beginning of flowering of sea buckthorn depends on the climate where the shrub grows. In the middle zone of the country, it blooms in mid-May and continues to bloom for two weeks. Full ripening of Altai sea buckthorn berries occurs in the second half of August - early September.

Attention! In dry and hot summers, the ripening period of the plant's fruits is reduced, and in cold and rainy summers, on the contrary, it increases.

Yield indicators, fruiting dates

Altai sea buckthorn belongs to high-yielding varieties and in one season is able to give its owner from 15 to 16 kilograms of juicy berries from a bush.
Berries appear on the plant in the fourth year of life, however, sea buckthorn becomes a full-fledged fruit bearing at the age of six. By this time, the bush is already finally formed and directs forces to ripen berries and a rich harvest.

Scope of berries

Berries have a versatile property in the food field. They are used for almost any purpose: jam and freezing, preparation of drinks, fresh and dried consumption. Sea buckthorn fruits are used in medicine, for decoctions, ointments and creams, in cosmetology. Thanks to the berry, human skin fights inflammation and aging.

Disease and pest resistance

The shrub of the variety is resistant to bacterial and fungal diseases, which other representatives cannot boast of. The plant is practically not affected by pests. And this factor becomes decisive when choosing the Altai sea buckthorn.

Advantages and disadvantages

Before buying a variety, it is worth examining the pros and cons of sea buckthorn.

Dignity

disadvantages

Frost resistance up to -45 0С.

Plastic, compact bush crown.

The absence of thorns on the shoots.

High yield rate.

Early fruiting.

High appreciation of the taste of berries.

Does not crumble when ripe.

A wide range of fruit applications.

Disease and pest resistance.

Bush decorativeness

A moisture-loving plant that needs frequent watering.

The need for pollination.

Freezing during a period of sharp alternation of thaw and frost

Comparison of varieties of sea buckthorn Altai sweet and Altai

Options

Altai

Altai sweet

Berry weight

0.8-0.9 g

0.7 g

Taste

Sweet

Sweet

Ripening terms
 

Mid August - early September. Early autumn variety

Mid to late September. Mid-autumn variety
 

Yield

Up to 15-16 kg
 

Up to 7-8 kg

Landing rules

Planting and caring for Altai sea buckthorn will not be difficult, since the plant easily adapts to environmental conditions and biological influences.

Recommended timing

Sea buckthorn can be planted in autumn and spring. Experienced gardeners prefer to carry out the planting procedure in the spring, since the time coincides with the beginning of the plant's growing season. In this case, the bush takes root faster, and also ripens more quickly and begins to bear fruit. In autumn, you can plant a berry, but the process is more laborious. After planting, the young bush must be fertilized with high quality, covered and in a winter with little snow, constantly dripped with snow.

Choosing the right place

The Altai variety is distinguished by its exactingness to the sun and moisture. To plant it, you need a spacious and open area of ​​land. The ideal place will be where the groundwater flows.

Advice! Despite the sea buckthorn's need for moisture, the plant should not be bred in an area with swampy soil and an abundant accumulation of melt water.

Soil preparation

The plant is undemanding to the soil, but to increase its productivity they try to place it on loamy or sandy loam soil.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

When choosing a culture, special attention should be paid to the type of roots. They should be firm and uniform, free of tubercles and not injured. After choosing a seedling, the roots are carefully wrapped with a damp cloth, trying not to damage, and transported to the selected area.Before planting, remove the leaves from the sea buckthorn seedling and place it in water for 1-2 days to prevent it from drying out.

Advice! In order for the sea buckthorn to take root faster, its roots are dipped into a clay or earthen mixture before planting.

Step-by-step landing

Compliance with the planting rules is a guarantee of the harvest in the future:

  1. First, you need to prepare holes 40-50 centimeters deep and 50-60 centimeters wide.
  2. Organic and mineral fertilizers are added to the dug holes. This can be manure, compost and superphosphate granules.
  3. After preparing the pit, a seedling is lowered into it and the roots are carefully straightened.
  4. Cover the sea buckthorn with an earthen mixture.
  5. Produce abundant watering with 30-40 liters of water.
  6. Finally, mulch the soil of the bush.

Culture care

Altai sea buckthorn is unpretentious to environmental conditions. But observing the minimum requirements, you can double the yield of the plant.

Watering, feeding and mulching

During the active growing season, the plant requires abundant watering - 1-2 times a week from 30 to 80 liters, depending on the size of the bush. The rest of the time, small watering is carried out (20-30 liters). Sea buckthorn loves phosphate and potash fertilizers. They are brought in for active growth, preparation for fruiting and increasing yields. Also, the culture needs regular mulching with turf, this helps to retain moisture and protect sea buckthorn from pests.

Pruning

Altai sea buckthorn has a dense crown, which is regularly thinned out. Annual shoots are pruned by 20-30 centimeters, which in the future will stimulate the growth of skeletal branches. And every 8-15 years, the bush requires high-quality pruning of three-year-old shoots so that the yield of berries does not fall. Cutting damaged and dry branches is carried out as needed.

Preparing for winter

The sea buckthorn variety has a high frost resistance. Therefore, measures for warming culture for the winter are not carried out. The bark of the branches contains tannins that make it unsuitable for rodents and insects to eat. Due to this property, the plant does not need shelter for protection.
To increase future yields and strengthen the tree's immune system before wintering, in late autumn, you can fertilize the plant with sodium humate, which is purchased in a specialized store. No further care is required.

Collection, processing, storage of crops

Ripening of sea buckthorn berries ends by the end of summer - beginning of autumn. It is easier to harvest in late autumn after the first frost. The berry is already loosely adhered to the branches, which makes picking easier, and acquires a delicious pineapple aroma. You can save the harvest in several ways, depending on your needs. Sea buckthorn fruits are dried, boiled and frozen without pretreatment. The berries are stored unprocessed for a whole year, and the jam will not spoil for several years.

Advice! The berries make excellent healthy jam, compote and jam.

Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention

DiseaseDescriptionSignsWays to fightProphylaxis
Verticillary wiltingFungal diseaseEarly yellowing and falling leaves, the fruits wrinkle, and the bark is covered with swelling and cracksThere are no control measures, the infected plant is burned so as not to endanger healthy specimensOn the site of the affected bush, sea buckthorn cannot be planted for several years.
EndomycosisFungal diseaseThe appearance of light spots on the fruit, leading to wilting and weight lossTreatment of the bush with 3% "Nitrafen" or 4% Bordeaux liquidLiming and introducing wood ash into the soil, cleaning weed
PestsDescriptionSignsWays to fightProphylaxis
Green sea buckthorn aphidGreen insect, 2-3 mm in size, which lives at the base of the budsLeaves begin to turn yellow and curlSpraying leaves with soapy waterPlanting a bush in a sunny and ventilated area

 

Sea buckthorn flyWhite larvae on fruits and foliageDamaged, eaten berriesChlorophos solution treatmentStrengthening the root system with fertilizers
Sea buckthorn mothGray butterflyKidney collapseSpraying with Bitoxibacillin solutionRoot fertilization and weed removal

Conclusion

Altai sea buckthorn will help not only to decorate the territory, but also provide a supply of tasty and healthy berries for the whole winter, from which jams, decoctions and other products important for health are prepared.

Cultivation of Altai sea buckthorn is not difficult. And care for fruit and berry crops is minimal.

Testimonials

Ekaterina Popova, 43 years old, Moscow city
Planting and growing sea buckthorn varieties Altai in the Moscow region is as easy as shelling pears. No special care instructions are required. One of the rules for success is to plant a male and a female plant in the same area and water abundantly in dry summers. Then a rich harvest of fruits will be guaranteed in the fall. In addition to beautiful and tasty berries, a shrub tree perfectly decorates the site. And unlike traditional apple and cherry trees, the compact bush looks gorgeous on the territory.
Pavel Ruchkin, Kaliningrad
In 2006, he brought Altai sea buckthorn seedlings from relatives to his dacha in Kaliningrad. Planting is easy and care is even easier. All the bushes began quickly, and already in the fourth year the whole family was gathering a bountiful and tasty harvest of berries. It is convenient to collect them, the fruits are large, fleshy and fragrant. They were all to their liking. For convenience and beauty, you need to trim the crown, but in the first years you can not do this. In addition, the Altayskaya sea buckthorn variety is quite compact in its natural form. He did not regret at all that he had made himself a useful and beautiful girlfriend.
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