Content
There are dozens of cherry varieties, each of which is distinguished by its taste, resistance to adverse environmental conditions or the size of the crop.
The robin is considered one of the classic cherry varieties, which is characterized by high yields and a long shelf life of fruits.
Breeding history
This cherry variety was bred in the late 80s of the last century by domestic breeders on the basis of the All-Russian Selection and Technical Institute of Horticulture and Nursery. Almost immediately, the variety was entered into the state register of crops and was widely used for cultivation in the central regions of our country.
Description of culture
The Malinovka variety on average can reach 3-3.2 meters, the crown has a slightly rounded or spherical shape, rather thick. The leaves are of the standard shape and size for most cherry varieties. Above, the foliage is slightly darker and has a glossy surface.
The fruits are deep red berries. The weight of one berry can reach 4–5 g. The pulp is dense, slightly sour in taste.
Characteristics
Cherry Malinovka belongs to those varieties that are distinguished by a late ripening period, but a rather high yield. In addition, the crop is great for industrial use.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
A distinctive feature and advantage of the Robin is its high resistance to severe frosts, even in such weather conditions when the ambient temperature drops below - 25 ° C, as well as to drought.
Of course, with an extreme lack of moisture or very low temperatures, some buds may die, however, this will not do much harm to the entire tree as a whole.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
One of the disadvantages of this variety is its self-fertility, that is, the plant blooms, but no fruit is formed on the tree. To obtain a harvest, it is necessary to plant other varieties nearby.
The main pollinators of the Malinovka cherry:
- Consumer goods black;
- Lyubskaya;
- Vladimirskaya;
- Shubinka.
In addition, the Robin belongs to those varieties that are distinguished by a late ripening period, the tree begins to bear fruit in late July - early August. Accordingly, the flowering period occurs at the end of spring.
Productivity, fruiting
The robin has a fairly high yield: about 10-13 tons of berries can be harvested from one hectare. And, perhaps, it is precisely because of the late fruiting period that the berries have high commercial and taste qualities of the fruit.
Scope of berries
Cherry Robin is mostly used on an industrial scale in the production of compotes, jams, preserves and other products. Berries are stored for a long time without losing their presentation.
Disease and pest resistance
This variety is distinguished by average resistance to diseases and pests, in particular, coccomycosis, moniliosis, as well as perforated spot.However, with proper care and timely treatment of the plant with the necessary preparations, it is possible to avoid the development of the disease and its further appearance on other trees.
Advantages and disadvantages
Based on the above, the main advantages of the Malinovka variety are:
- late ripening;
- resistance to low temperatures and other adverse environmental conditions;
- high productivity;
- high commercial quality of fruits.
The disadvantages, in turn, include:
- self-fertility, requiring planting in the neighborhood of other varieties of cherry;
- insufficiently high resistance to some pests and fungal diseases.
Despite this, the Malinovka variety is very popular and is grown in many regions of our country. Moreover, the fruits are used in the production of jams, compotes and other products.
Landing features
Correct planting and further care of the crop is a guarantee of a good harvest, resistance to diseases and pests, and full development of cherries. That is why it is necessary to follow all the recommendations below.
Recommended timing
It is best to plant a robin in the spring, prepare the soil in advance in the fall. This is the most favorable period for planting a seedling, since the risk of droughts or severe frosts is minimized.
Choosing the right place
For planting, you should choose a site so that the groundwater runs at a depth of at least 1.8 m underground, and it is better to completely opt for a zone without groundwater.
In addition, try to avoid lowlands, too dark places. The soil should be neutral, well-drained, loose and light.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
When choosing a site for planting cherries, you should also pay attention to neighboring plants. The robin feels great next to cherries, cherry plums, plums and other stone fruits, as well as rowan and hawthorn.
But do not plant cherries next to nightshades, linden, birch, oak, as well as some shrubs, such as raspberries or gooseberries. The root system of these plants grows so strongly that it begins to have a detrimental effect on cherries.
Selection and preparation of planting material
When choosing a cherry seedling, pay attention to the following signs:
- the seedling is no more than 2 years old;
- the diameter of the root system does not exceed 25-35 cm;
- the tree trunk and shoots are free from damage, tears, plaque or signs of a fungal disease;
- the roots should be moderately flexible, without bulging or kinking.
It is best to purchase seedlings from proven nurseries specializing in the cultivation of fruit crops.
Landing algorithm
Stages of planting Robins:
- Dig a hole no more than 60 cm deep and about 75-80 cm in diameter.
- Mix the topsoil with organic and mineral fertilizers.
- Drive a peg into the center of the hole and gradually pour the soil / fertilizer mixture into the hole, making a slight elevation.
- Spread the root system evenly and continue adding the mixture.
- Pour around the seedling (at least 8-10 L) and tie the cherry to a peg.
Follow-up care of the culture
Further caring for cherries includes timely pruning of the top of the tree and excess branches, the formation of a neat crown, as well as the regular removal of weeds around the tree.
Special care for the Robin is required during its flowering and fruiting. During hot periods, it is recommended to water abundantly with at least 10 liters of water. In the spring and autumn, it is also necessary to remove all broken off or diseased shoots.
Three times a season you need to apply mineral and organic fertilizers and do not forget to loosen the soil around the tree from time to time. As a top dressing can be:
- urea or saltpeter - 20-30 g per 10 liters of water;
- manure - 4 kg per 1 sq. m. area around the tree;
- ash - 1 kg per 1 sq. m. of soil, usually introduced in the autumn.
Compliance with the basic rules of care will allow you to achieve a high yield of Malinovka cherries.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
The main disadvantage of this variety is its low resistance to fungal infections. The main types of diseases are presented in the table.
Disease | Manifestations | Control methods |
Coccomycosis | The tree stops bearing fruit, flowers and berries fall off, the leaves dry out a lot. | Pruning affected branches, spraying with fungicides, and burning dried foliage. |
Moniliosis | The branches look charred and the cherry is not fruitful. | Treatment of a tree with fungicidal preparations, as well as pruning dried branches with their subsequent burning. |
Anthracosis | The leaves gradually begin to fall off, and the branches dry out. | Spraying cherries with poliram, pruning damaged shoots. |
Gum | The release of a resin-like liquid by a tree. | It is necessary to regularly clean off the gum and treat the wound surfaces with Bordeaux fluid. |
Rust | Spots with a characteristic reddish or rusty tint appear on the leaves. | Spraying foliage with copper sulfate as a prophylaxis, as well as burning already affected leaves. |
To prevent the appearance of fungal infections, it is recommended to regularly inspect trees, especially branches and leaves.
Conclusion
Robin is one of the frost-resistant varieties of cherries with high yields and high technological and commercial qualities of fruits. It is grown in many regions of our country, and, moreover, it is the main variety from which jams, preserves and compotes are made.
