Content
Tomato First-grader is an early variety that bears large fruits. It is grown in open areas, greenhouses and greenhouses. The Pervoklashka variety belongs to salad, but it is also used for canning in pieces.
Description of the variety
Characteristics of tomato First-grader:
- determinant type;
- early maturation;
- 92-108 days pass from germination to harvesting;
- height up to 1 m;
- average number of leaves.
Features of the fruits of the Pervoklashka variety:
- flat-round shape;
- average pulp density;
- bright pink in ripening stage;
- weight 150-200 g;
- sweet taste due to its high sugar and lycopene content.
Up to 6 kg of fruits are removed from one bush. Pervoklashka tomatoes are suitable for fresh consumption and processing. The fruits are preserved in chunks, used to obtain juices and purees.
After harvesting, green fruits are kept at home. Then ripening occurs at room temperature. The fruits are suitable for long-term storage and transportation.
Getting seedlings
For growing tomatoes, Pervoklashka plant seeds at home. After germination, the tomatoes are provided with the necessary moisture, temperature and light. If necessary, the seedlings are stepchild, and the plants are hardened before planting.
Preparatory stage
Planting work is carried out in February or March. The soil for tomatoes is prepared in the fall by mixing an equal amount of fertile soil and humus. For disinfection, the soil mixture is calcined in the oven for 20 minutes or watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
It is convenient to plant tomatoes in peat tablets. Then the First-Grader tomatoes are grown without picking.
Soaking in warm water helps to increase the germination of tomato seeds. The planting material is wrapped in a damp cloth and left for 2 days. If the seeds are granular, then processing is not required. The nutrient membrane contains a complex of substances necessary for the development of seedlings.
Be sure to water the plantings. The containers are removed to a dark place, where they are provided with a temperature of 24-26 ° C. In the warmth, germination of tomato seeds is faster. The sprouts appear in 4-10 days depending on the ambient temperature.
Seedling care
Tomato seedlings Pervoklashka successfully develops when a number of conditions are met:
- temperature regime during the day from 20 to 26 ° С, at night from 16 to 18 ° С;
- introduction of moisture as the soil dries up;
- airing the room;
- diffused light for 14 hours.
Seedlings are watered with warm, settled water. When the soil begins to dry out, it is sprayed with a spray bottle.
With a short light day, additional lighting is provided. Phytolamps or fluorescent lighting devices are installed at a height of 20 cm from the tomatoes.
When 2 leaves appear, seedlings of tomatoes First-grader dive. Each plant is planted in a separate 0.5 liter container. The soil is used with the same composition as when planting seeds.
3-4 weeks before the transfer of the First-Grader tomatoes to a permanent place, they are hardened in the fresh air. The containers are transferred to a balcony or loggia. Tomatoes are left in direct sunlight for 2-3 hours. Gradually, this period of time is increased so that the plants get used to natural conditions.
When the Pervoklashka tomatoes reach 30 cm, they are transferred to a greenhouse or to an open area. These tomatoes have about 6 full leaves and a strong root system.
Landing in the ground
For planting tomatoes, First-graders are preparing beds on which root crops, cucumbers, cabbage, legumes, onions, garlic, siderates grew a year earlier.
Re-planting of tomatoes is possible after 3 years. After potatoes, peppers and eggplants, it is not recommended to plant tomatoes, since the crops have similar diseases.
In the spring, the soil is loosened and planting holes are prepared. First-grader tomatoes are placed in increments of 40 cm, 50 cm are left between the rows. In a greenhouse or greenhouse, it is convenient to arrange tomatoes in a checkerboard pattern. Plants will receive full-fledged lighting, and caring for them will be greatly simplified.
The plants are transferred with an earthen lump, which is placed in the hole. After planting, the soil is compacted, and the tomatoes are watered abundantly. For the next 7-10 days, the First-Grader tomatoes adapt to new conditions. During this period, it is better to refuse watering and feeding.
Tomato care
According to reviews and photos, the First-grader tomato brings a high yield with constant care. The plantings are watered, fed with organic matter and minerals. To avoid thickening, pinch extra stepsons.
Watering plants
For irrigation, they take settled warm water. The procedure is performed in the morning or evening, when there is no direct sun exposure. The greenhouse is then ventilated and the soil is loosened to improve moisture absorption.
The intensity of watering depends on the stage of development of the tomatoes First-grader:
- before flowering - every week with 4 liters of water per bush;
- during flowering - every 3 days using 2 liters of water;
- when fruiting - weekly with 3 liters of water.
With high humidity, fungal diseases develop, the growth of First-grader tomatoes slows down. During the fruiting period, excess moisture leads to cracking of the tomatoes. Twisted and yellowed leaves of plants indicate a lack of moisture.
Top dressing
During the season, tomatoes are fed 3-4 times. For the first treatment, use a 10-liter bucket of water and 0.5 liters of mullein. 1 liter of the resulting solution is introduced under the bush.
After 3 weeks, tomatoes of the Pervoklashka variety are fertilized with minerals. The solution is prepared by combining 160 g of superphosphate, 40 g of potassium nitrate and 10 l of water. Phosphorus and potassium strengthen the root system and improve the taste of the fruit. Fertilizer is applied twice: during the formation of ovaries and during the fruiting period.
Instead of root top dressing, it is allowed to spray the First-Grade tomatoes. Then the concentration of substances is reduced. For 10 liters of water, 10 g of phosphorus and 15 g of potassium fertilizer are enough.
Bush formation
Bushes of the Pervoklashka variety are formed into 3 stems and tied to a support. Stepsons emerging from the leaf sinus are eliminated manually. Shoot development is monitored every week.
First-grader tomatoes are tied to a support so that the stem is formed without deformations. A wooden or metal strip is chosen as a support.
Disease protection
According to its characteristics, the Pervoklashka tomato has an average resistance to diseases. Adherence to agrotechnics, airing the greenhouse and greenhouse, rationing of irrigation, and eliminating stepchildren helps to avoid the development of diseases.
For the prevention of tomato planting, First-grader is treated with fungicides. When signs of disease appear, the affected parts of the plants are removed, and the remaining tomatoes are sprayed with copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid. All treatments are stopped 3 weeks before harvest.
Gardeners reviews
Conclusion
First-grade tomatoes are valued for their early ripening and good taste. Large fruits are universally applicable. The variety needs regular watering and feeding. The bushes are sure to tie up the stepson. For the prevention of diseases, tomatoes are sprayed with fungicides.
