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The Krasnodar Territory, being a fairly large administrative unit, has a significant variety of climatic conditions. The Kuban River divides it into two unequal parts: the northern plain, which occupies 2/3 of the entire territory of the region and has a rather arid climate, and the southern foothill and mountainous parts, which receive natural precipitation by an order of magnitude more than the steppe part.
When growing tomatoes in the Krasnodar Territory, these nuances have to be taken into account. If in the foothills on the sea side south of Tuapse, a humid subtropical climate reigns native to tomatoes, then growing tomatoes to the north will be difficult in a semi-dry Mediterranean climate due to lack of water. In the flat part of the region, tomato bushes often simply burn out under the hot sun with a lack of moisture in the air and soil. In general, the Krasnodar Territory is characterized by hot summers and rather mild winters.
The soil in the steppe part of the region consists of calcareous and leached chernozems. These types of soil are distinguished by good water permeability. Carbonate chernozem is poor in phosphorus, and leached chernozem needs potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
Carbonate chernozem
Leached chernozem
Based on the high summer temperatures, you should choose tomato varieties in the Krasnodar Territory. The variety grown in the open field must be adapted to these conditions and have drought resistance. The foliage of a tomato bush should be large and dense so that the fruits can be sheltered from the sun by the leaves. In these varieties, tomatoes grow, as it were, inside a bush.
Varieties for the Krasnodar Territory
In particular, one of such tomato varieties is Aswon F1 from the Kitano seed producer, recommended for industrial cultivation with the aim of further preservation of whole fruits.
Grade "Aswon F1"
The variety began to be grown in the Krasnodar Territory at the insistence of canned vegetable producers. This tomato fully meets the needs of the industry in the field of whole fruit preservation. Small tomatoes, the weight of which does not exceed 100 g, but usually 60-70 g, do not crack when preserved.
The pulp is firm, sweet, high in saccharides. Tomatoes can be round or slightly elongated. More often spherical.
This early tomato hybrid is intended for outdoor use. The variety is quite suitable for growing on a personal plot, since its purpose is universal, plus a high yield, amounting to 9 kg of tomatoes from one bush. Like most hybrids, disease resistant.
The bush of this tomato variety is determinate, very compact. During fruiting, the bush is literally strewn with tomatoes. How it looks in reality can be seen in the video.
The only drawback of the variety is its exactingness to the nutritional value of the soil, which is not surprising with so many tomatoes.
Features of agricultural technology
You can grow this variety of tomatoes through seedlings or in a non-seedling way. The variety requires light, nutritious soil. The ideal option is a mixture of humus and sand.
In the case of growing tomatoes in a seedless way, tomato seeds are sown in the ground, abundantly flavored with humus, sprayed with water and covered with foil.Plants with this method grow strong and hardened, not afraid of cold weather and disease.
During the growing season, the tomato bush is fed at least 4 times, alternating organic matter with fertilizing with minerals.
Bushes of this variety do not require formation. You can tie them to a support if necessary and remove the lower leaves for better ventilation.
In search of an answer to the question "which varieties of tomatoes, besides the early ones, are suitable for open ground", pay attention to the varieties "Novelty of the Kuban" and "Gift of the Kuban".
Variety "Gift of the Kuban"
The photo clearly shows the sign of the southern varieties of tomatoes: large dense foliage in which the tomatoes are hiding. This variety of tomatoes was bred for open ground in the southern regions, including the Krasnodar Territory.
The tomato is mid-season. It takes him 3.5 months to ripen tomatoes. The tomato bush is medium-sized, up to 70 cm, determinant type. The inflorescences are simple, each cyst contains up to 4 tomatoes.
The tomato is rounded, slightly pointed downwards. The average weight of a tomato is 110 g. Ripe red tomato. Taste qualities of tomatoes at the height The yield of this variety of tomatoes in the Kuban is up to 5 kg / m².
The variety is resistant to top rot and cracking. The appointment is universal.
Variety "New Kuban"
Despite the fact that the name of the variety is "Novinka Kuban", the tomato was a novelty more than 35 years ago, but it is still popular. Bred at the Krasnodar Breeding Station.
Medium late variety, intended for open ground in the Krasnodar Territory. The crop ripens 5 months after sowing the seeds. Medium-leafed ultradeterminate bush (20-40 cm), standard. Can be grown commercially and is suitable for mechanized harvesting. In personal subsidiary plots, he does not need frequent harvesting of tomatoes, allows for rare harvesting.
Tomatoes are shaped like a stylized heart. Ripe tomatoes of deep pink color. The weight of a tomato is about 100 g. The ovaries are collected in a brush, with an average of 3 tomatoes in each. The yield of the variety with a single mechanized harvest is 7 kg / m².
Initially, this variety of tomatoes was intended for the production of tomato products. He has a high quality of fruit, estimated at 4.7 points. For this reason, when grown in personal plots, the variety is used as a universal one.
If you plant all three of these varieties of tomatoes, then, replacing each other, they will bear fruit until frost.
As a salad large-fruited variety of tomatoes, we can recommend a hybrid of the first generation tomato "Fat F1"
Variety "Fat F1"
A variety, more precisely, a hybrid from the "SeDeK" company, intended for open ground and booths. The variety is mid-season, you will have to wait 3.5 months to harvest. The tomato bush is medium-sized, up to 0.8 m tall, with limited stem growth.
Tomatoes grow weighing up to 0.3 kg, spherical shape. Collected in a brush of 6 tomatoes each. Ripe tomatoes of classic red color. The variety is salad. The yield of the variety is average. In the booth it brings up to 8 kg of tomatoes per m², in the open air the yield is lower.
The advantages of the variety include its resistance to diseases of tomatoes, the disadvantages - the need to form a bush and a garter to support due to the too large weight of tomatoes.
Recommendations from the Kuban gardeners
Gardeners in the Krasnodar Territory have noticed that there is no particular difference between seedling and non-seedling tomatoes. Seeds sown directly into the ground germinate later than seedlings, but then the seedlings catch up and overtake the seedlings. But such plants are not afraid of low night temperatures, they are less susceptible to diseases.
How to properly sow tomato seeds in the ground
In the Kuban, gardeners have adapted to sowing alternately sprouted and dry tomato seeds, insuring themselves against weather troubles. The germinated ones will grow earlier, but in the case of recurrent frosts, the seedlings will die. Then they will be backed up by seeds sown dry.If there are no troubles, then the seedlings will need to be thinned out.
After the standard preparation of seeds for sowing: disinfection, heating, washing, - some of the tomato seeds are germinated.
The seeds of different varieties of tomatoes germinate in different ways. Some need 2-3 days, and some more than a week. With this in mind, you should try to germinate tomato seeds by mid-April. Usually, by this time in the Krasnodar Territory, the earth is already warming up enough to allow early sowing of vegetables.
Remembering that tomatoes are usually planted according to the scheme 0.4x0.6 m, the holes are made with sides of 40x40 cm.
After the entire area, germinated and dry seeds are evenly distributed. With this technique, seed consumption is increased, but this insures against failures. The holes are not covered with anything. The emerging seedlings grow very slowly at first.
Thinning
First time tomato seedlings are thinned out after a couple of true leaves appear. It is necessary to try to leave those seedlings that are at a distance of about 7 cm from each other, naturally, in any case, removing weak sprouts of young tomatoes.
Second time thin out, after the appearance of the 5th leaf, increasing the distance between young tomatoes to 15 cm.
For the third and last time leave from 3 to 4 tomatoes in the hole at a distance of 40 cm from each other. Excess plants can be removed or transplanted elsewhere. In the second case, before the last thinning, the hole is well watered to soften the soil. Excess tomato seedlings are carefully removed along with a clod of earth and transferred to a new place.
Transplanted tomatoes are watered with root growth stimulants. All young tomato bushes after the last thinning must be mulched to avoid dry crust on the soil or to loosen the soil after each watering.
Further care for tomatoes is carried out according to the standard method.
Bushes "burn" in the sun
Tomato bushes can be protected from sunburn by shading them with non-woven fabrics. The use of a polyethylene film for these purposes is undesirable, since it does not allow air and moisture to pass out, as a result, condensate accumulates under the film, humidity rises, followed by humidity, the risk of phytophotorosis increases.
Non-woven covering material allows air and moisture to pass through, preventing condensation from collecting, but protects the bushes from the burning sun. Without this protection, according to the testimony of the gardeners of the region, in some years the harvest was completely destroyed. The leaves curled up from the heat were unable to protect the fruits from the sun's rays.
If you can save tomatoes growing on the fertile Kuban land from sun and drought, they will reward you with a bountiful harvest.
