Content
Arcadia grapes (also known as Nastya) are one of the most popular varieties. With proper care, it produces a consistently high yield of large berries with a pleasant nutmeg aroma. It adapts well to different climatic conditions and does not suffer from sudden temperature changes. In the photo below, the harvest of the Arcadia variety:
Description of the grape variety Arcadia
The Arcadia grape variety has the following characteristics:
- It is early maturing, the period from bud break to maturation of the first brushes is about 120 days. Depending on the area of growth;
- Arcadia grapes are obtained by crossing 2 varieties: Moldova and Cardinal... And received the best qualities from the parental varieties;
- The berries are large enough, the weight of each is close to 15 g, the shape of the berries is round, the color at the technical ripeness of the fruit is white or light yellow. At biological ripeness - amber. The skin is dense, but thin, covered with a whitish waxy coating on top. The berry taste is moderately sweet, balanced. The pulp is fleshy, juicy. When fully ripe, the fruit develops a nutmeg aroma;
- The brushes tolerate transportation well, have a conical shape. The weight of an individual hand reaches an average of 700 g, although record holders meet, their weight reaches 2 kg;
- The Arkadia grape bush is large, the leaves are large, 5-lobed, covered with white light pubescence below,
- Most of the growing shoots (up to 70%) can form fruit clusters;
- The yield of each Arcadia grape bush can reach 20 kg. In a particularly successful growing season, you can get 50 kg of berries from 1 grape bush;
- The flower is bisexual, does not need artificial pollination. It can pollinate other varieties by itself;
- The Arcadia grape variety tolerates frosts well down to -23 ° C, which makes it suitable for cultivation in central Russia;
Novice winegrowers are often worried about what year the Arcadia grape variety gives a harvest? It all depends on the method of planting. If you planted grapes by cuttings, then in the second year you will have only signal clusters. They are recommended to leave no more than 2, since a larger number will overload the bush, it will be difficult for him to build up full-fledged shoots and direct his forces to ripening berries. For 3 years, the Arcadia variety gives a full harvest.
Excellent varietal and commercial characteristics make Arcadia grapes a desirable variety for cultivation in gardens and in private plots. It is a table grape variety that is also suitable for winemaking.
Arcadia grapes on video:
Planting and leaving
To get a decent harvest of Arcadia grapes, one should take a responsible approach to the choice of the place of growth of grapes and in the future, properly care for the culture.
The Arcadia variety prefers well-lit areas protected from the passage of cold northerly winds. Those parts of the garden that are surrounded by tall trees or near buildings will not work. The presence of a shade will not have the best effect on the taste and ripening time of the berries.
There are no high requirements for soils. They must be well drained. Stagnant water will lead to the death of the grape crop. At the bottom of the planting pit, 70x70 cm in size, a layer of expanded clay or broken brick is laid, which will perform drainage functions.
Next, lay humus or compost, mix with the existing soil, pour out a bucket of water so that there are no voids, allow the water to be absorbed.When preparing a planting pit for grapes, you can add mineral fertilizers: superphosphate and nitrophosphate, 50 g each.
Planting Arcadia grapes is best done in spring, when daytime temperatures will be around + 15 ° C, and the soil warms up to + 10 ° C. Further, you can plant an existing grape seedling, but this must be done so that the soil level of the trunk circle is below the level of the edges of the planting pit. According to the advice of experienced winegrowers, in this way you will make it easier for yourself to further water and shelter the grape bush for the winter.
A seedling for spring planting is only suitable for woody, grown independently from a cuttings or purchased in a nursery.
The preparation of such seedlings will take some time. In the fall, cuttings of Arcadia grapes are cut, up to 30 cm long, about 10 mm thick, treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, dried well, wrapped in linen cloth, and then in polyethylene, stored on the lower shelf of the refrigerator until early March.
In cuttings, the cut is refreshed, several longitudinal notches are made on the bark from below, without affecting the wood, placed in planting containers (it is convenient to use plastic bottles cut in half), filled with soil, sawdust and humus in equal volumes. After a month, the grape cuttings will take root. For growing, they can be placed on the windowsill. In the spring, with the onset of stable heat, prepared seedlings are planted in a permanent place of growth.
Immediately, you should take care of the organization of the support - trellis for the Arcadia variety and the laying of pipes for its further watering and nutrition.
There are several types of trellises. The simplest ones are made from a dug-in support (wooden or metal pillars, 15 cm in diameter) and a wire stretched between them. The distance between the supports of the trellis is maintained at 3 m, and the distance between the rows of wire is 30 cm, the first lower row is at a height of 50 cm from the soil surface.
This type of trellis is called single-plane and is the cheapest, it can be made independently from the material at hand.
The presence of a support for the grape culture is necessary, since the harvest is heavy and it is difficult for the shoots to hold it. Fastening to trellises makes it possible to get a high-quality harvest. The bunches of grapes receive the maximum amount of sunlight and heat. There is no crowding in the foliage, there is no threat of fungal diseases.
Grape shoots begin to be tied at 2 years of age on a stretched wire parallel to the ground. The growing shoots are attached to the next wire line when their length is more than 30 cm.
Another important agricultural technique that is necessarily used when growing the Arcadia variety is pruning the bushes. It is carried out with the aim of rejuvenating the bush, causing the growth of shoots, which makes it possible to get a bountiful harvest of grapes.
Pruning of grapes is carried out in early spring, when the buds are still asleep, they are mainly removed, frozen or blown out shoots, or in late autumn, in late October - early November. For Arcadia grapes, pruning in the fall is preferable, if the plant is grown in the middle lane, after pruning, wintering is much easier, and it is easier to cover the formed bushes. Any type of pruning is suitable for the Arcadia variety. Each grower chooses the most acceptable one for himself.
The grown grape seedlings in the fall are shortened to 2 buds. Of these, 2 sleeves will be formed in the future. In the summer, stepchildren are cut out so as not to hinder the ripening of the crop.
Pay attention to the state of the shoots, vines - these are shoots that have borne fruit and should be removed, since there will be no more harvest on them. Always keep the strongest shoots. Pruning is a must; it will allow the grapes to develop properly and give the richest harvest possible.
Arcadia grapes need regular watering, especially before flowering and before planting. The rest of the time, be guided by the weather conditions.
For the winter, after pruning and water charging, all grape shoots are removed from the trellis, laid on the ground and covered with agrofibre and pieces of slate, or simply covered with soil.
In order to prevent disease damage, it is best to take preventive control measures by spraying grape bushes 2 times per season, in spring and autumn, with the most affordable means: Bordeaux liquid.
Conclusion
Arcadia grapes are a favorite of winegrowers. It is not capricious to soils, weather conditions, tolerates winters well, responds with a good harvest to all efforts. Novice winegrowers should pay attention to the Arcadia variety.
Maxim Solenko, 39 years old, Belgorod, it is rather stupid to make wine from table grapes. His destiny is him. And for wine, technical varieties are used. Take an interest in the question at least a little, so as not to write nonsense