Content
Roses are considered a demanding and whimsical plant. Because of this, not every gardener decides to grow such a flower on his site. Planting and caring for a park rose is a much less difficult option for beginners. Such a plant is not so whimsical, it adapts well to any conditions and is suitable for different regions of the Russian Federation.
Features of growing park roses
For the full growth of ornamental plants, certain conditions are necessary. Park roses are less demanding than spray roses. This category includes varieties specially bred by breeders for such plantings. Park roses have increased adaptive abilities, thanks to which they can quickly adapt to environmental conditions.
The main features of cultivation:
- Park roses are a medium-sized shrub with strong stems. The plant is less sensitive to mechanical stress, winds.
- Park varieties are resistant to low temperatures. In many regions, they hibernate without shelter, as they easily endure frosts.
- High disease resistance makes park roses insensitive to infections. Shrub varieties are much more likely to be attacked by insect pests
- Park roses bloom longer and more abundantly. They attract pollinating insects.
Some varieties bloom twice a season.
Usually, park rose buds bloom in late May or early June. This is 2-3 weeks earlier than most bush species. They do not need frequent watering, pruning, feeding.
Types of park roses
Gardeners distinguish two main groups - with single and repeated flowering. When decorating landscape design, Canadian and English park roses are usually used.
Such species differ in the structure of the bushes. Most of the Canadian roses have erect stems, while the English ones are braided.
The most popular varieties:
- William Shakespeare
- Quarda;
- Abraham Derby
- Prairie Joy
- Parsla;
- Alexander MacKenzie
- Westerland.
Due to the variety of varieties, each gardener has the opportunity to choose a rose of the desired size and color of flowers. This is especially important for those who use plants to create decorative compositions in their area.
Planting conditions for park roses
The main advantage of such plants is their unpretentiousness. Planting and caring for a park rose in the garden is reduced to a minimum set of activities.
Bushes are planted singly or in groups. You need to decide on a site for a plant in advance. It is advisable to familiarize yourself with the varietal characteristics before planting, find out the degree of frost resistance and the basic requirements for the composition of the soil.
When to plant park roses
Such plants are classified as frost-resistant. They are best planted outdoors in the fall. Then the park rose will have time to adapt to a new place and take root before the onset of cold weather. If you plant a plant in the spring, then it will spend energy on the growth of superficial shoots. The roots will remain weak.
Another reason why it is recommended to plant park roses outdoors in autumn is that the plant is not exposed to summer drought. It is best to plant a bush in early September, before the onset of a cold snap and heavy rainfall.
How to plant a park rose
The technology of planting in open ground is not much different from other ornamental crops. It is necessary to prepare the site and soil for a park rose, choose a good seedling. These steps are performed in accordance with the instructions.
Site and soil requirements
Park roses adapt well to outdoor conditions, but they cannot be planted absolutely everywhere. In order for the plant to develop normally and bloom regularly, several requirements must be observed.
The place for the park rose should be well lit by the sun. Light promotes bud formation and abundant flowering. It is advisable that the roots of the bush are protected from sunlight and eliminate the risk of overheating.
In one place, park roses grow up to 50 years
Bushes require good aeration. It is advisable to plant in places where air circulates freely, but there is no strong draft.
When choosing a site, make sure that there are no potential sources of infection nearby. These include fruit trees, shrubs and other ornamental plants.
The soil for a park rose must meet the following requirements:
- looseness, lightness;
- good breathability;
- neutral acidity;
- sufficient nutrient content.
If the site has poor, infertile soil, you need to prepare a place for planting in advance. Dig up the soil. Compost or humus is added to it to attract earthworms. They secrete vermicompost, which is the best source of plant nutrients.
Preparing the rose
Seedlings are used as planting material. They are best purchased from nurseries or garden stores. It is advisable to take planting material in small pots. It is enough to transfer them into a pit along with an earthen lump, dig in with fresh soil and water.
Seedlings with open roots must be prepared:
- Immerse in cold water for 2-3 hours.
- Examine the root for damage, defects, foci of decay.
- Trim broken roots.
- Immerse the lower shoots in the fungicidal solution for 20 minutes just before planting.
Until the time of planting, seedlings should be stored in a cool place. A basement or cellar works best. Sprouts with open roots must be planted within 3-5 days, otherwise they will dry out.
Planting a park rose
The procedure is carried out in the evening. In this case, the weather should be favorable, without heavy rainfall.
How to land:
- Dig a hole 70 cm deep.
- Expanded clay or crushed stone is placed at the bottom to drain the liquid.
- Pour a layer of loose soil mixture.
- Place the seedling inside.
- Cover with soil and lightly tamp around the shoots.
- Sprinkle with water.
The root collar of the plant is deepened by 5-6 cm
After planting in the fall, the plant should be watered 1-2 times a week until precipitation appears. Then the frequency is reduced so that the bush prepares itself for winter.
How to care for park roses
After planting in open ground, various unfavorable factors affect the plant. In order for it to adapt to new conditions and in the future to please with regular flowering, several agrotechnical measures are required.
Watering, mulching and loosening
The listed procedures are required for any type of rose. Park varieties are less sensitive to water shortages and droughts. Rare but abundant watering is recommended. Each adult bush requires 20-30 liters of warm, settled water.
Watering is carried out once a week. In the presence of precipitation, the frequency is reduced. Leaves of park varieties quickly evaporate moisture.Sprinkling is recommended in dry weather.
Most of the water is brought in in the fall, in preparation for winter. For 1 bush, 50-60 liters of liquid are used so that the roots are fully saturated.
Mulching is recommended to retain moisture in the soil. Use tree bark, sawdust, straw. Mulch is placed on the soil after watering in a layer of 5-10 cm.
Loosening of the soil is carried out as it compresses. With rare watering, the soil remains light for a long time. Therefore, the procedure is required once every 1-2 months.
Top dressing
Competent care of the Canadian park rose is not complete without fertilizers. In the first year after planting in the ground, top dressing is not needed. In April, the bushes are fertilized with a complex mineral composition. They also use bird droppings or rotted manure - 100 g for each bush.
The second time ammonium nitrate is used in May. For 1 sq. m of soil add 10-15 g of solution. Re-mineral feeding is carried out at the beginning of June.
When the buds wither, compost and superphosphate are recommended. In August, the final top dressing is done with potash salt and wood ash.
Pruning and shaping the bush
For the first 2-3 years, park roses do not need to be trimmed. In the future, the bush is pruned with the simultaneous removal of weak and dry shoots. It is bowl-shaped.
Cut sites should be treated with disinfectant solutions.
Only varieties that bloom twice a year are sheared. Bushes that bloom once are not necessary to cut.
Diseases and pests
Park roses are resistant to infections. Diseases develop only with a gross violation of the cultivation technology or with a complete lack of care.
Possible diseases:
- powdery mildew;
- fusarium wilting;
- black spot;
- gray rot;
- rust.
Treatment depends on the type of infection. Broad spectrum fungicides are commonly used. The affected shoots must be removed from the bushes so that the infection does not spread. Spray with fungicide 2-3 times.
The rose can be affected by pests:
- aphid;
- pennies;
- spider mites;
- leaf rollers;
- scabbards.
To scare away pests, park rose bushes are recommended to be sprayed with soapy water, infusion of garlic or calendula. When plants are damaged, complex treatment with insecticides is required.
How to propagate a park rose
There are several methods for obtaining a new plant with a mother bush. One of the advantages of park roses is that they reproduce well in almost any way.
Cuttings
The method is considered the simplest, but the longest. Half-lignified stems are used as planting material. They are separated before or after flowering.
The optimal cutting length is 12-15 cm
The cut stem should have 2-3 leaves and the same number of buds. The lower part of the cutting is dipped into water until small roots appear. Then it is planted in a nutrient substrate.
Dividing the bush
The procedure is carried out in April or early May. The bush is dug out of the soil, divided with a sharp knife or pruner. The upper shoots are pruned. Each cut is soaked in an antiseptic solution, then planted in open ground or containers with nutrient soil.
Reproduction by layering
Park roses have rather flexible stems for this procedure. A healthy young shoot is chosen, which is folded down and pressed to the ground. From above it is covered with soil and watered.
Layers are made in the spring season. They take root until autumn. The following spring, they are separated from the mother bush and planted in a new place.
Reproduction by offspring
A large number of side root shoots are formed on park roses. They usually grow on the south side of the bush. They are separated from the plant and planted in a container with well-fertilized soil.As a result, a young seedling is obtained from the root sucker, which can be planted in an open place in the fall.
Reproduction by grafting
Varietal roses are grafted onto a rose hip. The method consists in transferring one part of the plant to another. For reproduction, a stalk or a bud of a rose is grafted onto a rosehip bush.
The procedure is carried out in the spring. The advantage of the method is that it allows you to preserve the varietal characteristics of the flower. The main disadvantage is that it takes a very long time to grow new planting material. In addition, grafted cuttings and buds often do not take root on a new bush.
Recommendations
To make it easier to grow and care for park roses, there are a few tips from experienced gardeners. This will help eliminate common mistakes among beginners.
Helpful hints:
- The planting hole should be 2-3 times deeper than the height of the seedling.
- Only rotted manure or manure is used as fertilizer. Fresh can provoke root rot.
- When planting, the roots of the seedling can be dipped in a clay solution to protect against nematodes and to accelerate growth.
- Lime is added to soils with high acidity.
- Park roses should not be planted too close so that they do not shade each other.
- To protect against pests, tobacco ash is added to the soil next to the bush.
- Flowers from the plant should be removed immediately after wilting.
When growing park roses, it is important to comply with the basic agrotechnical standards. Improper care can lead to premature wilting and death of the plant.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for a park rose is a step-by-step process that requires a competent and responsible approach. Despite the unpretentiousness, such plants need to create suitable conditions. Then they will be able to please the owner with regular and lush flowering, the absence of diseases and resistance to adverse factors.
