Content
Sea buckthorn Buckthorn is a berry shrub that forms in the form of a tree with a spreading crown or shrub. Before planting, it is worth figuring out how to properly care for it in order to get a good harvest of medicinal berries.
Description of berry culture
Sea buckthorn is characterized by the presence of many trunks, which lignify over time, and the bush becomes like a multi-stemmed tree.
General view of the view
Sea buckthorn Buckthorn is a tall, spreading shrub. Branches eventually become tree trunks.
Sea buckthorn leaves are lanceolate, long. The green color muffles the hairs and makes the leaf silvery. It blooms with small flowers. Female flowers cover small twigs, male flowers are collected in spikelets.
Skeletal branches of the 1-3rd order are located at a depth of 40 cm, roots are formed on them. They give many offspring, which are used to obtain seedlings.
Berries
The berries are a false drupe. The color is yellow, orange or red. Sea buckthorn fruits exude a light pineapple aroma. Ripe berries are bitter, frozen ones become sweet and sour.
Characteristic
The characteristic of sea buckthorn Krushinovidnoy determines the yield, frost resistance, drought resistance of the culture. It is available for cultivation in various regions.
Main advantages
The plant is unpretentious. It tolerates drought and frost well. In areas with a high layer of snow, the roots may dry out.
The soil for the growth of the culture must be loose and air-permeable, close-located groundwater is excluded. Low-lying areas will not work. Sea buckthorn buckthorn requires space for root distribution and is planted at a sufficient distance from other plants.
The berries have a dense skin, which allows them to be transported without loss. They can withstand long-term storage without compromising quality.
Very beautiful sea buckthorn Buckthorn Orange energy. Late ripening variety, fruiting with orange-red berries.
Flowering period and ripening time
Sea buckthorn bloom begins in late April - early May. Lasts 6-12 days. The flowers are small, inconspicuous, but their abundance on the tree creates a lush cloud.
Sea buckthorn berries ripen in autumn - September, October, depending on the variety. For example, sea buckthorn Buckthorn Leukora begins to ripen in August.
Yield indicators, fruiting dates
Typically, a varietal culture gives 12-14 kg of berries per bush. The fruit bush reaches its highest yield by the age of 4-5 years. In the future, yields decrease.
Scope of berries
Sea buckthorn berries are used for making jams and various food products. Its main use is the manufacture of medicines. Useful sea buckthorn oil... It has a strong disinfecting and healing effect.
Disease and pest resistance
An adult plant rarely gets sick. For prevention, the bushes in the spring before fruiting and in the fall after its completion are treated with a 1% composition of Bordeaux liquid.
Advantages and disadvantages of the species
The advantages include the following properties:
- Unpretentiousness.
- Frost resistance.
- Easy reproduction.
- Resistance to major diseases of fruit bushes.
- Medicinal and taste properties.
- Good transportability.
The disadvantages are the obligatory presence of a pollinator, the laboriousness of picking berries and thorny branches. For pollination, you can plant one bush of the male variety of sea buckthorn Krusinovidny Hikul. The last drawback can be eliminated by acquiring thornless sea buckthorn varieties.
Landing rules
In order for the plant to develop well and give a bountiful harvest, you need to plant it correctly.
Recommended timing
It is correct to plant sea buckthorn in spring in April or early May. The seedling must be dormant. Autumn planting does not give a positive result.
Choosing the right place
Culture needs a well-lit area. There should be no tall plants nearby. Leave free space around the seedlings.
Soil preparation
Sea buckthorn does not like clay and waterlogged soils, and acidic soil is not suitable for it. The soil for planting requires loose and well-drained soil. Sand is added to the heavy soil, then it is dug up.
Selection and preparation of seedlings
The best material for planting will be one-year-old seedlings with a height of about 40 cm.What you need to pay attention to when buying seedlings:
- The plant should have 2-4 skeletal roots 15-20 cm long.
- Smooth trunk 40 cm long with developed lateral shoots.
- The bark should be smooth and elastic, not flaking.
Before planting, the seedlings are kept for several hours in Kornevin's solution, allowing them to be saturated with liquid.
Pollination of sea buckthorn Krushinovidnoi occurs only in the presence of a male plant. One male is enough for 3-4 female bushes.
Algorithm and scheme of landing
Pits 50 x 50 x 60 cm are made on the site. Fertile soil is added and superphosphate and potassium are added, fertilizers are mixed with the soil. Their number depends on the fertility of the soil. The distance between the pits should be from one and a half to two meters.
A seedling is placed in the pit, spreading the roots. It is watered and covered with soil. The root collar is covered with a 5-7 cm layer of earth. This contributes to the formation of new roots.
To understand the intricacies of growing sea buckthorn, you can watch a video on how to properly plant it.
Follow-up care of the culture
The fact that sea buckthorn is an unpretentious culture does not exclude caring for it.
Necessary activities
Watering young plantings of sea buckthorn. In the future, the tree requires watering in dry weather in summer and autumn. The sea buckthorn trunks are tinned, mowing the grass as it grows. The resulting root growth is removed.
Bushes well fertilized during planting do not feed during the first years. A fruiting plant needs phosphorus and potassium. For 10 liters of water add 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium and 2 tbsp. tablespoons of double superphosphate. Pour well 2 tsp. "Uniflor-micro". Such a cocktail is poured under each tree, one bucket.
Shrub pruning
Sanitary pruning is carried out in early spring. Remove dry, broken, diseased branches. Cut the shoots thickening the crown. In the middle of summer, branches are cut out, which have not appeared.
At the age of 5 years, tree rejuvenation activities are carried out. In the fall, old branches are cut at the base, which give a low yield. One branch is cut a year.
The main pruning of sea buckthorn is done when it is formed in the form of a bush or tree. To obtain a bush, shoots from the shoots are allowed to develop. Their number is brought to 8, and then 3-4 of the strongest are left.
Forming a tree from sea buckthorn is a complex process. It lasts 3-4 years and is not always successful.It is better to form male species with a tree, and grow female species with a bush.
Preparing for winter
In preparation for winter, water-charging the bush is done in case of dry autumn. Shelter for winter sea buckthorn is not required. Only the roots of young seedlings are mulched.
In the photo you can see what the sea buckthorn Frugana Buckthorn looks like.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
The most typical diseases for sea buckthorn are presented in the table.
Diseases of sea buckthorn | Characteristic | Control measures |
Endomycosis | Shriveled berries appear, as if baked in the sun. The whole tree is gradually infected. The spores of the fungus are preserved in the dry berry. | Treatment with Bordeaux liquid in spring and autumn, the use of antibiotics. The first diseased berries need to be harvested |
Scab | Ulcers and spots appear on the leaves, bark, and then on the fruits. Gradually the tree dries up | Collection and burning of diseased branches. Treatment of a bush with a 3% solution of "Nitrofen" |
Fusarium wilting
| Leaves, young shoots are affected, berries fall. Leaves dry up and fall | Prevention - thinning and sanitary pruning of bushes, respecting the distance when planting. The diseased parts of the plant are cut off and burned |
Sea buckthorn pests | Characteristic | Control measures |
Aphid | The tops of the shoots and leaves are curled, inside them a continuous layer of small insects is visible. Damage leaves | Destroy the ants that carry the pest through the plants. Treat the plant with "Fitoverm" or ammonia solution |
Spider mite | Damages buds and buds. A cobweb appears on the leaves. The tick itself is very small and invisible. | Treatment with "Fitoverm" or insecticides such as "Aktara", "Healthy Garden" |
Conclusion
Sea buckthorn buckthorn is the most widespread type of this culture in Russia. Many modern varieties have been created that can be grown in all regions of the country and get a decent harvest. It is imperative to plant this useful and medicinal plant in your area.
Testimonials
Reviews about sea buckthorn Buckthorn are mostly positive.
