What fertilizers to apply when planting a tomato

Content

1 Fertilizing the soil in autumn
2 Application of mineral fertilizers
3 Soil deacidification
4 Organic fertilization
5 Fertilizers for germinating seeds and growing seedlings
6 Fertilizing seedlings
7 Fertilizing the soil in spring
8 Fertilizers when planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse
- 8.1 Top dressing with herbal tea
9 Fertilizing a tomato into a hole when planting in open ground
10 Top dressing in unfertilized soil
11 Foliar top dressing of tomatoes
12 Approximate feeding scheme
13 Ambulance for nutritional deficiencies

Tomatoes are present on the table all year round, fresh and canned. Tomatoes are sold in the market and in supermarkets, but the most delicious and fragrant ones are those that are grown with their own hands on a personal plot. For a rich harvest, choose proven regional tomato varieties, follow agricultural practices, and use suitable fertilizers when planting tomatoes.

The tomato bush is a powerful plant, its root mass corresponds to the ground part of 1:15, timely and adequate fertilization of tomatoes will increase productivity, improve the presentation of the fruit, and grow it ideally balanced in terms of the content of nutrients. Learn which fertilizer to apply when planting a tomato throughout the growing season.

Fertilizing the soil in autumn

It is necessary to prepare the soil for growing tomatoes and add fertilizers to the soil in the fall, immediately after harvesting the predecessor crop. It is preferable to plant tomatoes after cucumbers, legumes, onions and early cabbage. Tomatoes cannot be planted after pepper, eggplant, potatoes, since they all have common pests and diseases.

Application of mineral fertilizers

Spread fertilizer and dig up the soil onto the bayonet of the shovel. Digging will saturate the soil with oxygen and help destroy some tomato pests. In the fall, organic matter, potash and phosphorus fertilizers should be applied. These rules are due to the fact that many potash fertilizers contain chlorine harmful to the tomato, which is quite mobile, and by the time the tomato is planted in the ground, it will sink into the lower layers of the soil. Phosphorus is poorly absorbed by the root system, however, by the spring, it will pass into a form accessible to plants. Nitrogen fertilizers of the soil before winter are practically useless, since autumn precipitation and spring floods will wash out nitrogen from the fertile layer.

Soil deacidification

If the soil on the site is acidic, then it is necessary to deoxidize it. The safest and most convenient substance to use is dolomite flour. It is not necessary to carry out liming and fertilization in one year. Maintain ph - soil balance, plan liming every five years.

Organic fertilization

Which organic fertilizer is preferred for a tomato? Cow dung can be used. The optimal combination of price, availability and content of almost all nutrients necessary for a tomato. Manure not only enriches the planting area with nutrients, but also promotes soil aeration, brings the ph reading to neutral, and contributes to the development of beneficial microflora. Fertilization rate 5-8 kg per 1 m²... If you can find horse manure, then take 3-4 kg of it per 1 m² beds, since the content of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen in it is higher. By spring, the manure will crush, mix with the earth and enrich it.

Fertilizers for germinating seeds and growing seedlings

Are you buying ready-made tomato seedlings or want to grow them yourself? In the second case, prepare the soil by taking one part of peat, forest or garden land, one and a half parts of humus and half of river sand and add a glass of crushed shells.Steam or spill the soil mixture with a pink solution potassium permanganate... Mineral fertilizers are not used. Tomato seeds in branded packages can be germinated immediately, and the harvested ones require prior sowing treatment. Pour the seeds with a 1% salt solution, take those that fall to the bottom of the container. Rinse and disinfect by soaking for half an hour in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. Rinse and dry again. Soak according to the instructions for the preparations in Epin or Potassium Humate. After the seeds are kept in a warm solution for a day, germinate them on damp gauze.

Fertilizing seedlings

Novice gardeners are often interested in what fertilizers should be used in the process of growing tomato seedlings. Feed the planted tomatoes with yeast solution. Insist 5 grams of bread for a day yeast for 5 liters of water. Water twice for the entire growing period at home. More serious fertilizers are needed for the plant in the next phases of the growing season.

Fertilizing the soil in spring

If for some reason the land was not enriched in the fall, then fertilizers for tomatoes can be applied in the spring. Modern complexes contain both basic and additional elements: sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc. You can scatter fertilizer granules over the snow, or after the snow melts, close the fertilizer with a rake into the soil. Suitable for feeding tomatoes:

Kemira wagon 2. Balanced complex of minerals for spring use;
Kemira Lux. Water-soluble preparation, very easy to apply;
A station wagon containing, in addition to macro and micro elements, humic substances. Environmentally friendly, fully absorbed.

The dosage of universal fertilizers is shown on their packaging.

Warning! For any feeding, the dosage should be observed. An excess of minerals is more dangerous than a lack of them.

Fertilizers when planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse

If the climate does not allow growing tomatoes in the open field, then they can be planted in a greenhouse. Consider which fertilizers are optimal when planting a tomato in a greenhouse. Top dressing is done during planting of seedlings. Make holes in advance, put humus, compost in them and add ash. By asking fertilizer when planting tomatoes, you will provide them with minerals, macro- and micro-elements.

Top dressing with herbal tea

You can add a natural fertilizer to the hole when planting greenhouse tomatoes: "herbal tea". You can prepare it by chopping 4-5 kg of plantain, nettle and others weeds... A glass of ash is diluted in 50 liters of water, a bucket of mullein is added and insisted for several days. The fermented infusion is added to a volume of 100 liters, and two liters of solution are poured under each tomato bush.

Attention! If the soil in your greenhouse has received a complex of fertilizers for planting a tomato in advance, then feed seedlings when transplanting to a greenhouse, it is not necessary.

Fertilizing a tomato into a hole when planting in open ground

The garden bed prepared in the fall is saturated with a complex of nutrients, and does not need mineral dressing. A day before transplanting seedlings into the hole, when planting a tomato in the ground, spill it with a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate. Pour 200 ml of pre-infused yeast mixture into the planting hole at the rate of 10 grams per 10 liters of water. Pour crushed shells and wood ash under the roots of the tomato. After planting seedlings, compact the soil, sprinkle with a pinch of black soil or compost. Excess fertilizer when planting a tomato in open ground can destroy the root system. If the seedlings are grown in peat pots, feeding the tomatoes when planting is unnecessary.

Top dressing in unfertilized soil

Sometimes it happens that fertilizers for tomatoes were not applied during the main cultivation of the beds. The situation can be corrected by mixing one part at a time: humus, peat and fresh compost. Superphosphate is put at the rate of: a tablespoon in a bucket of mixture. Leave the prepared mixture to mature for a month and a half.When planting tomatoes, add two liters of top dressing under each bush. Water the planted tomatoes liberally and the fertilizing work can be considered complete before the flowering period.

Foliar top dressing of tomatoes

Tomatoes are responsive to foliar feeding. Spraying the stems and leaves improves the appearance of the plant during the day, and the result of root fertilization is noticeable after a week or even two. The leaves will only absorb the right amount of missing nutrients. During budding, you can spray the green mass of the plant with an extract of wood ash, for which two glasses of dry matter are poured with 3 liters of hot water, insisted and filtered for a couple of days.

Approximate feeding scheme

Subject to all the rules for growing a tomato, an approximate feeding scheme is as follows:

2-3 weeks after disembarking the seedlings. Dissolve in 10 liters of water 40 r phosphoric, 25 g nitrogen and 15 g of potash fertilizers. Watering 1 liter of solution for each bush.
Top dressing for mass flowering: 1 tbsp is used per 10 liters of water. l. potassium sulfate and 0.5 liters of liquid mullein and poultry droppings. Water one and a half liters of fertilizer under each plant. Another option: add 1 tbsp to a bucket of water. l. nitrophoska, pour 1 liter under each bush. To prevent apical rot, spray the bushes with a solution of calcium nitrate, 1 tbsp. l per 10 liters of water.
You can help the formation of the ovary by feeding the tomatoes with a mixture of boric acid and wood ash. For one bucket of hot water, take 10 g of boric acid and 2 liters of ash. Insist for a day, water a liter under each bush.
The final root fertilization of the tomato is aimed at improving the flavor and ripening of the fruit. When mass fruiting begins, feed the tomatoes by dissolving 2 tbsp in 10 liters of water. spoons superphosphate and 1 tbsp. spoon of sodium humate.

Ambulance for nutritional deficiencies

Tomato bushes themselves signal a shortage of fertilizers. Lack of phosphorus is manifested by a purple coloration of the lower part of the leaf and veins; it is necessary to spray with a weak solution of superphosphate. Lack of calcium leads to leaf twisting and damage to the fruit with apical rot. Spray the plant with the solution calcium nitrate... With a lack of nitrogen, the plant acquires a light green or yellowish color, looks rickety. Spray with a mild urea solution or herbal infusion.

Watch your tomato plantation, monitor their well-being, and remember that it is better to under-supply a little fertilizer than to overdose.

Top dressing when planting a tomato