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Professional farmers know that with the help of special substances it is possible to regulate the life processes of plants, for example, to accelerate their growth, improve the process of root formation, increase the amount ovaries... To do this, they use various feeding and fertilizers with a certain set of trace elements. For example, fertilizers with nitrogen will be excellent top dressing tomato for growth. Calcium contributes to the better assimilation of nitrogen, which means that these microelements can be added "in pairs". You can also provoke the active growth of tomatoes using organic substances, or, for example, yeast. We will talk about when and how to use such growth-activating top dressing for tomatoes in the given article.
Growth activators for seeds
With the arrival of early spring, every gardener begins to grow tomato seedlings... In an effort to give a good start to plants, many use various substances that activate seed germination and subsequent plant growth.
Among the environmentally friendly and highly effective biological products for seed germination, one should highlight "Zircon", "Epin", "Humat". These tomato growth promoters must be diluted with water according to the instructions. Soaking temperature should be at least +150C. The optimum temperature is +220C. Immerse tomato seeds in the solution for no more than a day, which will allow the grains to swell, having absorbed useful trace elements, but not suffocate.
An example of how it is necessary to treat tomato seeds with growth stimulants before sowing is shown in the video:
Treated with growth stimulants, the seeds germinate quickly and build up green mass. However, in some cases, the manufacturer in an industrial environment treats grain with various similar substances, indicating information about this on the package. In this case, additional processing is not required.
Manure
Manure is a fertilizer rich in organic matter and various minerals. It is widely used in agriculture for feeding, including tomatoes. Due to the significant amount of nitrogen and organic matter, manure acts on plants as a growth accelerator. That is why it is used at various stages of the growing season of tomatoes, from growing seedlings to harvesting.
You can use the manure of various animals for feeding tomatoes: cows, sheep, horses, rabbits. Pig manure in comparison with all of the above is depleted, it is rarely used as fertilizer. The concentration of mineral trace elements and the amount of heat generated depend on the type of manure. So, horse dung it is recommended to use it in greenhouses, because when it decomposes, a lot of heat is generated that can heat an enclosed space. At the same time, the mullein is more affordable, has a long decay period and a balanced microelement composition, due to which it is more often used for feeding plants in the open field.
Manure into the ground
It is necessary to take care of the successful cultivation of tomatoes in advance, before the immediate planting of the plants.So, even in the fall, after harvesting the remnants of the former vegetation, manure must be introduced into the soil during digging. Most often, fresh raw materials are used for this. It contains a lot of ammoniacal nitrogen, which will successfully decompose into simple elements during the winter and will become fertilizer in the spring for the active growth of roots and the aerial part of tomatoes. Add fresh manure into the ground in autumn it is possible at 3-6 kg / m2.
Overripe manure can also be used to increase soil fertility not only in autumn, but also in spring. It does not contain ammonia, which means that it nitrogen will only have a beneficial effect on tomatoes, accelerating their growth, and increasing the volume of green mass of the plant.
Seedling manure
Seedlings of tomatoes require a whole complex of microelements in the soil. Its growth requires nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium... That is why tomato seedlings are repeatedly fed with various fertilizers.
Fertile soil should be a good "platform" for the successful cultivation of seedlings. You can get it by mixing rotted manure with garden soil. The proportion of the mixture should be 1: 2.
You can feed tomato seedlings with manure when 2-3 sheets appear. For this time, a mixture of mullein and minerals is a good fertilizer. You can prepare it by adding 500 ml of cow dung infusion to a bucket of water. An additional trace element in the composition of the fertilizer can be potassium sulfate in the amount of one spoon.
A liquid fertilizer prepared according to this recipe can be used for watering tomatoes at the root or spraying leaves. Top dressing will allow young plants to grow faster and develop a good root system. You must use it twice. An increase in the number of dressings can lead to an excessive build-up of green mass and a decrease in yield.
Manure fertilizer for tomatoes after planting
For the next 10 days after planting tomato seedlings in the ground, you should not use fertilizers to activate growth. At this time, plants require potassium and phosphorus for better rooting and practically do not grow at the stage of adaptation to new conditions. After this period, you can use manure top dressing. To do this, prepare an infusion by mixing manure with water in a ratio of 1: 5. When insisting, the solution should be stirred regularly. After 1-2 weeks, when the fermentation process is stopped, the fertilizer can be used for watering tomatoes. Before use, it should be diluted again with water until a light brown solution is obtained.
During the formation of ovaries and ripening of fruits, fertilizers that activate plant growth should not be used. However, a small amount of nitrogen still needs to be added to the soil to restore its trace element balance. Thus, after planting seedlings in the ground, you can feed the plants with manure infusion with the addition of ash or 50 g of superphosphate (for each bucket of ready-made infusion). This fertilizer can be applied many times during the ripening period at intervals of several weeks.
Manure is a natural activator of tomato growth. It is available to every farmer. And even if you don't have your own cattle backyard, you can buy mullein concentrate on sale. The fertilizer will effectively accelerate the growth of plants without saturating the vegetables with nitrates.
Mineral fertilizers for tomato growth
Among all minerals, carbamide, aka urea, and ammonium nitrate are most often used to accelerate the growth of tomatoes. This effect on plants is due to the high concentration of nitrogen in their composition.
Urea
Urea is a mineral fertilizer that contains over 46% ammoniacal nitrogen. It is used to feed various vegetable, berry crops, trees. Based urea you can prepare fertilizers for spraying and watering tomatoes.As an additional ingredient, urea can be included in various mineral mixtures.
When digging the soil, you can add urea in an amount of 20 g per 1m2... It will be able to replace manure and will contribute to the accelerated growth of tomato seedlings after planting.
You can feed tomato seedlings with urea by spraying. As a rule, such an event is carried out when signs of nitrogen deficiency, slow growth, yellowing of the leaves are observed. For spraying, urea in an amount of 30-50 g is added to a bucket of water.
For watering tomatoes at the root after planting, urea is mixed with additional substances. So, you can neutralize the acidity of urea with lime. To do this, add 800 g of lime or ground chalk for every 1 kg of substance.
Before watering the plants at the root, you can also add superphosphate to the urea solution. Such a mixture will become not only a source of nitrogen, but also phosphorus, which will favorably affect the yield and taste of tomatoes.
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate can be found under the name ammonium nitrate. This substance contains about 35% ammonia nitrogen. The substance also has acidic properties.
During the autumn digging of soil, ammonium nitrate can be applied in an amount of 10-20 g per 1m2... After planting, you can feed tomato seedlings and adult plants by spraying. To do this, prepare a solution of 30 g of the substance per 10 l of water.
Nitrofoska
it fertilizer is complex, with a high nitrogen content. It is most commonly used to feed tomatoes. To prepare a solution for watering tomatoes at the root, you can add a spoonful of the substance to 10 liters of water.
Nitrofoska in addition to nitrogen, it contains large amounts of potassium and phosphorus. Thanks to this joint, the fertilizer is suitable for tomatoes during flowering and fruiting. It increases productivity and makes vegetables more meaty, sweeter.
You can learn more about mineral fertilizers from the video:
Ready-made mineral complexes
You can feed tomatoes at the seedling stage and after planting in the ground with the help of complex fertilizers, which contain in a balanced amount all the trace elements necessary for plants.
The first time you can feed tomato seedlings when a couple of real leaves appear. Agricola-Forward is perfect for these purposes. You can prepare a nutrient solution by adding 1 small spoonful of the substance to 1 liter of water.
It is possible to replace the given fertilizer with other complexes, for example, "Agricola No. 3" or universal fertilizer nitrofoskoy. These substances for watering tomatoes at the root are diluted with water (a tablespoon per liter of water). To feed tomato seedlings with such complex fertilizers should be no more than 2 times.
After planting tomato seedlings in the ground, you can use the drug "Effecton". It is prepared by adding a tablespoon of the substance to 1 liter of water. The preparation can be used repeatedly with an interval of 2-3 weeks until the end of the fruiting period.
Ready-made preparations effectively accelerate growth tomatoes, allow them to grow strong and healthy. Their advantage is also harmlessness, availability, ease of use.
Information about some other mineral fertilizers is shown in the video:
Yeast for tomato growth
Surely many are familiar with the expression "grow by leaps and bounds." Indeed, this natural product contains a ton of nutrients and vitamins that contribute to the accelerated growth of plants. Experienced gardeners have long learned to use yeast as an effective fertilizer.
Yeast dressings are introduced, including under the root of tomatoes.It is advisable to use the substance only with the onset of heat, when the soil is sufficiently warmed up. In such an environment, yeast fungi are able to actively multiply, release oxygen and activate the beneficial microflora of the soil. As a result of this effect, the organic matter present in the soil rapidly decomposes, releasing gases and heat. Generally feeding tomatoes with yeast promotes their accelerated growth, successful root development and increased productivity.
There are several ways to prepare yeast feeding:
- Add 200 g of fresh yeast to 5 liters of warm water. To improve fermentation, 250-300 g of sugar should be added to the solution. The resulting mixture should be left in a warm place for several hours. After preparation, the concentrate must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 cup to a bucket of warm water.
- Dry granular yeast can also be a source of nutrients for tomatoes. To do this, they must be dissolved in warm water in a ratio of 1: 100.
- Yeast is also often added to organic complexes. So, the nutrient mixture can be obtained by adding 500 ml of chicken manure or mullein infusion to 10 liters of water. Add 500 g of ash and sugar to the same mixture. After the end of fermentation, the concentrated mixture is diluted with water 1:10 and used for watering tomatoes at the root.
Yeast effectively stimulates the growth of tomatoes, rooting, increases productivity, however, they can be used no more than 3 times per season. Otherwise, yeast feeding can harm the plants.
You can find out more about the preparation of yeast feeding here:
Conclusion
All of these types of top dressing contain growth activators for tomatoes. However, they must be used deliberately, so as not to provoke "fattening", in which tomatoes abundantly build up greens, but at the same time form ovaries in small quantities. It is also worth remembering that root growth must keep pace with the growth of the aboveground part of the plant, otherwise the tomatoes may not yield or even die. That is why it is recommended to add minerals to organic fertilizers that promote root growth. It is rational to use urea and ammonium nitrate in "pure form" and at all only when observing symptoms of nitrogen deficiency in plants. When observing excessive stretching of tomato stems, it is necessary to use the "Athlete" preparation, which will stop their growth and make the tomato stems thick.
