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Today to early varieties of tomatoes more and more gazes of summer residents are riveted. This important advantage is considered as one of the most popular when choosing a variety, since weather conditions in many regions of Russia do not allow growing thermophilic crops for a long time. This is especially true for those areas where there are no well-equipped greenhouses.
Choosing a variety of tomatoes
Even in winter, every gardener begins to think about which varieties to grow in summer. The simple task of buying seeds can sometimes turn into a real problem. Tomato is one of the most important vegetables on our table today. He can only compete in popularity with cucumbers.
The main problem of choice is the great competition between manufacturers. Every year, store shelves are replenished with new products, and now, five years later, an experienced gardener begins to get lost in the choice of varieties. Let's figure out how to choose the right variety that will delight both in taste and yield.
First, they pay attention to what kind of climate the variety or hybrid is intended for. In the struggle for their customers, breeders are trying to adapt tomatoes to growing in certain conditions. Northern varieties are designed for short summers, they ripen faster, and are adapted to resistance when temperatures drop. The southern ones, on the contrary, easily tolerate drought and hot sun, the bushes of such tomatoes are more leafy, which is not welcome in the northern regions.
Not always information about the region of growth is contained on the packaging. What to do in this case? They offer to navigate strictly by name. Let's give a simple example: the varieties "Snowdrop", "Alaska", "North", "Metelitsa", "Bullfinch", "Polyarnik" and so on were created specifically for the central and northern regions.
The second aspect that is important when choosing is the place of cultivation. In the south, tomatoes most often grow in open ground, and in the central region, the number of greenhouses is increasing every year. There are varieties of tomatoes that are intended only for a certain way of growing.
The third selection criterion relates directly to plant care. Pay attention to the following labels on the packaging:
- determinant variety;
- indeterminate variety;
- dwarf, standard or superdeterminant.
Not everyone understands these terms, however, this question is quite simple: determinant varieties are represented by compact bushes, the height of which can barely exceed a meter. As a rule, these tomatoes reach a height of 60-90 centimeters.
Caring for them, as well as standard grades more simple. The fact is that a tomato is a tall plant (indeterminate varieties can reach three meters in height), its bush grows strongly, requires constant pinching. If the garden is large, then a lot of effort is required.
And, of course, you need to pay attention to the ripening period of tomatoes.
Early ripe tomato varieties
Going for tomato seeds, be sure to answer two questions:
- What is the climate where the purchased varieties will grow.
- How soon the harvest is needed.
It is clear that when growing this crop in central Russia in open ground or in unheated greenhouses, early maturing varieties are always preferred. Only in the southern regions it makes sense to grow late-ripening tomatoes.
For comparison, mid-season and late-ripening tomato can bear fruit for a long time, and the fruits reach enormous sizes.
Below we give a table of important parameters for early maturing tomato varieties... It is designed to help novice summer residents in the work of growing tomatoes and caring for them. The fact is that it is rather difficult to be guided by general recommendations, because the country is very large, climatic conditions vary greatly.
Table
The total ripening period of the culture | Seedling age for planting in the ground (only early maturing varieties) | Time from sowing to emergence | Planting tomatoes in open ground (for the south) | Planting tomatoes in open ground (for the Chernozem and central regions) | Planting tomatoes in open ground (for the Urals) | Planting tomatoes in open ground (for Siberia) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
from 80 to 140 days | 40-50 days | 4-6 days | April 10th | May 10-15 | June 10th | June 15th |
These terms may vary depending on the variety; more information can be found on the package.
The best early ripe tomatoes
So, earlier we found out that it is the early maturity of the tomato that can significantly affect the deterioration of a number of indicators:
- the size of the fruit;
- the rate of return of the crop;
- yield;
- shelf life.
An early ripe variety is considered more tender, such tomatoes are more often preserved and consumed fresh. Nevertheless, among all the early ripening hybrids and varieties, you can choose those that will satisfy the needs of a large number of gardeners. Below is a large list of such tomatoes.
Amur bole
One of the best early-ripening tomato varieties, grows well both under the film and in the open field. One of its significant advantages is the resistance of the seeds to temperature extremes. The variety can be grown by sowing in open ground, without wasting energy on the seedling method. The ripening period is only 85-95 days, the plant's bush is standard, compact, its height does not exceed 50 centimeters. Fruits are round red, weighing an average of 100 grams, very good for fresh consumption.
"Amur shtamb" is well suited for growing in greenhouses and open ground in the following regions:
- Far East;
- Ural;
- Siberia;
- north of the European part.
Riddle
Early ripe tomato is gaining popularity today. They are interested in the gardeners of the northern regions, since the ripening period does not exceed 87 days. At the same time, the bush is compact, determinant type, however, it requires pinching. Some stepsons can be removed in order to increase yields.
One of the advantages is the ability to grow in shaded areas or climates with a lack of sunlight. Fruits are small, bright red, do not exceed 100 grams by weight. The presentation is high, tomatoes can be transported over long distances subject to storage conditions. Growing regions:
- Middle lane;
- Siberia;
- Ural.
Augustine
The variety is represented by small scarlet fruits that do not crack and are resistant to top rot. Bred "Augustine" specifically for cultivation in Russia with its conditions of risky farming. Tomatoes are delicious and contain a lot of sugars. From the first germination to harvest, an average of 95 days pass. The plant is compact, determinant, grows well in the middle lane.
Agatha
Describing the best early varieties of tomatoes, one cannot but recall the "Agate", which has already managed to fall in love with many gardeners for a number of excellent qualities. The ripening period is 98-113 days, you can plant seedlings both in the greenhouse and in the open field. The plant itself is low, compact, it does not need to be pinned. Many summer residents spend a lot of time looking for a tomato variety that you can plant and forget about leaving for a while.
The height of the bush is 45-50 centimeters, no more. The yield is fast. Growing areas:
- middle strip of Russia;
- south of the country.
The yield is above average: 5-6.7 kilograms per square meter.
Gourmet
The early ripe variety "Lakomka" ripens in 85-100 days, is represented by fleshy raspberry-colored fruits weighing up to 120 grams. The skin is thin. Best growing regions:
- Black earth;
- Crimea;
- other southern areas;
- Volga region.
It is grown exclusively in the open field, as it requires high-quality pollination. The yield is high and reaches 7 kilograms per square meter of planting. The height of the bush is 60-70 centimeters.
Openwork F1
The "Azhur" hybrid is interesting because its fruits are large enough. Some specimens reach 400 grams, but this is rare. The average weight is 250 grams. The plant is determinate, its height is 70-80 centimeters. Despite the fact that the yield is high, and the skin is dense, which has a positive effect on transportability and storage duration, this hybrid is popular among owners of large farms.
The ripening period does not exceed 110 days, the hybrid is resistant to a large number of major diseases. Distinctive qualities:
- drought resistance;
- tolerates heat well.
They all say that the hybrid is intended for cultivation in the southern regions of the country. With a decrease in sunlight and a drop in temperatures, it is able to give a crop, but the ripening period will increase, and the yield will decrease to 6 kilograms per square.
Alpha
The early ripening variety "Alpha", resistant to late blight, ripens quickly enough (85-90 days). The stem bush is simply strewn with red tomatoes, which is why they need to be tied up. Since the mass of fruits does not exceed 80 grams, the yield will be average: 4-6 kilograms per square. Grown in the open field, universal use.
Grandma's kiss
Not very small tomatoes of the "Grandma's Kiss" variety will decorate the table. They are fleshy, bright yellow, do not crack. The fruits are applied for salting and salads. Ripening period is 95-105 days. These tomatoes can be stored, the taste is excellent. By the way, a large number of varieties and hybrids of yellow and pink colors are famous for their taste.
Sanka
For two or three years, the list of "Best varieties of early tomatoes" has been headed by "Sanka". What is he famous for? Below are the most important qualities:
- yield from 5 to 15 kilograms per square;
- universal use of tomatoes;
- the fruit ripening period is only 78-85 days;
- a long period of fruiting (until the very frost);
- excellent taste.
Perhaps the early ripe variety "Sanka" has collected all those qualities that are necessary for all gardeners who want to find the best tomato.
The bush of the plant is determinant, its height is 40-60 centimeters, the fruits are very tasty, medium (up to 150 grams) scarlet. Tomatoes are quite dense, do not crack, and do not lose their taste with thick skin. The variety is resistant to most diseases.
Apple tree of Russia
Another early-ripening tomato variety popular today "Yablonka Rossii" is famous for its excellent taste. Small fruits ripen in 85-100 days, the yield is high, 7-14 kilograms per square. One bush can bring up to 5 kilograms, which is why the branches of the plant sag under the weight of the fruits, they need to be tied up.
The variety is ideal for central Russia, Siberia, in cold regions it can give a smaller amount of harvest. It is not grown in greenhouses; during cold snaps, you can cover the seedlings with foil. It is well transported due to its thick skin. The use is universal.
In our table, we specifically indicated the time before the sprouts appear.
Below is a video showing the early ripening varieties "Yablonka Rossii", "Sanka" and others:
Liang
The early ripening variety "Liana", intended exclusively for open ground, ripens in just 93 days. The bushes are compact, low (up to half a meter) do not require the formation and removal of stepchildren, however, they still have to be tied up. Tomatoes are small, due to which the yield in kilograms is lost. Up to 5 kilograms of excellent quality tomatoes can be harvested from one square meter.
The skin is dense, the tomatoes do not crack and are stored for a long time. At the same time, the taste is estimated by experts at five points. Best of all, this variety of tomatoes bears fruit in the moderately warm climatic zones of Russia.
F1 President
The hybrid "President" of the Dutch selection has already won the love of Russian gardeners. It can be successfully planted in greenhouses and in beds in the sun. Ripening period varies greatly depending on growing conditions: 68-110 days. Resistant to late blight, alternaria and other diseases.
Keep in mind that the bush of the plant is indeterminate, it is very tall and requires pinching, garters and other work to form the plant. Only in this case the gardener will have a truly rich harvest (about 8 kg from one bush). Fruits are dense, red, round. They differ in weight above average (200-250 grams), look great and tolerate transportation well. The hybrid is ideal for growing on an industrial scale.
Brawler (Fighter)
One of the best early maturing varieties. Good both in the south and when landing in Siberia and the Urals. The ripening period is only 95 days. This variety is not afraid of bacterial diseases and TMV, it is very persistent and hardy. Those who live in arid regions will also be interested.
The fruits of the Buyan variety have an interesting shape - they are cylindrical. There is a variety with a yellow pulp. Tomatoes are small and medium, the yield is friendly. Due to the fact that the weight of the fruits is small, the yield in kilograms is small, but the bush is strewn with fruits. Taste good, tomatoes keep well for a long period. The bush of the plant is compact, determinant type of growth, up to 45 centimeters in height.
Instead of a conclusion
As a rule, tomatoes are grown in seedlings, since this affects germination and depends directly on climatic conditions. In Russia, you can start sowing tomatoes in February-March, and in most of the territory there is still snow at this time.
When growing early maturing varieties in the greenhouse keep in mind that it is better to shake the bushes a little during the flowering period, and then water. Tomatoes are pollinated by bees that do not exist in greenhouses. Airing is another way to have a positive effect on fruiting.
Tomatoes are extremely responsive to the introduction of mineral fertilizers. Do not forget about this. It is also important to understand for what purpose this or that tomato variety is grown. This moment is taken into account even at the stage of seed selection. For fresh use and use in salads, varieties are grown with excellent and excellent taste. When canning, it is enough to pay attention to the size of the tomato fruit and the taste of "four". This is quite enough even for making sauces.
Learning to grow early ripe tomato varieties is not difficult, the main thing is to do it with your heart!
