Content
It is the chubushnik that is associated with genuine jasmine for residents of regions with a harsh climate, although in fact it has nothing to do with this culture. This decorative, flowering shrub, popularly called garden jasmine, captivates with the luxury of gentle flowering and the fragrance of a subtle, heady aroma. Planting and caring for a chubushnik does not require a lot of effort and labor, but it can become a true highlight of every garden plot. Despite its endurance and unpretentiousness, the successful cultivation of garden jasmine is possible only if certain agrotechnical techniques are followed.
Features of growing chubushnik
All types of chubushniks, without exception, are deciduous, ornamental shrubs with soft green foliage, changing their color by autumn, and snow-white flowering of double, semi-double or simple flowers. The basic rules for planting and caring for garden jasmine, so that it, like in the photo, pleases with its exuberant flowering, are as follows:
- chubushnik is very photophilous, therefore, even in an openwork penumbra, its shoots stretch out, become weak, and flowering is scarce and rare;
- grows well and fully reveals its decorative qualities only on fertile, loose, moisture-permeable soils;
- thermophilic varieties of chubushnik do not tolerate cold winds and drafts;
- does not tolerate garden jasmine waterlogging, swampy and saline soils with a close occurrence of groundwater;
- the rapid growth of young shoots and the rapid annual growth of branches forces gardeners to regularly prune, which the mock-orange tolerates easily.
How to plant a chubushnik correctly
Garden jasmine is grown as single or group plantings, as well as for creating hedges. For single specimens, a planting hole is dug 50x50 cm in size and 60 cm deep, for a hedge, the distance between the pits is left 0.6-0.7 m.In group plantings of garden jasmine, the distance is increased to 1.5 m.When calculating the distance, it is important to take into account the features of a particular varieties - tall or undersized mock-orange will grow in the garden. Saplings are planted before the leaves bloom, otherwise they may not take root and die.
When to plant chubushnik
Chubushnik is planted in early spring - in the middle or last decade of April, as well as in autumn - from mid-September to mid-October. Autumn planting is suitable for southern regions with a mild climate and not severe winters. However, garden jasmine seedlings planted in autumn show the best survival rate. Work on planting a mock-orange in spring and autumn is no different from each other. The main thing is to observe the planting dates so that the root system of garden jasmine can quickly adapt and get stronger.In the spring, planting is carried out at least 2 weeks before the onset of stable heat - until the buds have blossomed. In the fall - at least a month before the cold weather, so that the root system of the mock-orange can take root in a new place and successfully overwinter.
Where to plant a chubushnik
The scheme for planting a mock-orange depends on the landscape project, but in order for the shrub to look like in the photo above, you need to choose a well-lit, sunny place. On the north side, the site should be protected by a wall of a house or building, a fence, a fence or large trees. The ideal option would be the southern side of any building, protected from cold northerly winds, surrounded by other floral and perennial crops. Ornamental jasmine feels good on a small hill, where the groundwater is very deep.
What can be planted next to a chubushnik
Any flowering shrubs, perennials and annuals will be good neighbors of the chubushnik. Compositions of garden jasmine with spirea, weigela, hydrangea, lilac, decorative apple tree look great. Next to the imaginary jasmine, you can also plant any tree species with unusual leaves or crown - maple, hazel, dogwood, which will become an excellent background for a lush blooming mock orange. In flower beds and flower beds, the mock-grass gets along well with any flowers: annuals or perennials, deciduous and ornamental plants. The composition with roses, peonies looks incredibly gorgeous, the bright beauty of which harmoniously emphasizes the delicate, romantic bloom of the mock-orange.
In addition, in landscape design, garden jasmine is used to decorate alleys or design a thematic garden, as well as for a symmetrical geometric pattern in a specific area of a personal plot. If you follow all the recommended measures when planting and caring for a shrub, a chubushnik surrounded by other flower crops will look the same as in the photo.
What kind of soil does chubushnik like
Regardless of the timing of planting the chubushnik - in spring or autumn - for successful cultivation, it requires fertile, loose soil. To prepare a fertile mixture, mix leafy earth, humus and sand in a ratio of 3: 2: 1. A drainage layer is required, which may consist of sand, crushed stone or broken brick, since the root system of garden jasmine is not resistant to the formation of rot.
How to plant a chubushnik
After preparing the soil and planting holes, they begin to plant the mock-orange. At the bottom of the pit, drainage is poured with a layer of at least 20 cm, then a small part of fertile soil. The seedling is set so that its root collar is at ground level. Its slight deepening is allowed no more than 2 - 3 cm. If you do not follow these standards, the roots will soon rot.
How to transplant garden jasmine
In some cases, the chubushnik requires a transplant to a new location. This need arises for various reasons. For example, you need to free up space for other crops or, initially, a site was incorrectly selected for jasmine, where it is not developing actively enough. Perhaps the terrain has changed, and the site has become flooded, or a building has appeared that blocks the sunlight. There can be many reasons, however, without unnecessary need, an adult plant should not be transplanted. Often, a transplant is required for planting a bush. At a young age, garden jasmine tolerates movement more easily, having natural strength for recovery and growth. A shrub over 8 years old may not take root at all.
When the chubushnik is transplanted
Most often, gardeners are engaged in transplanting a chubushnik in the fall - in early or mid-October. It is unacceptable to replant the plant in summer, especially during flowering. In some cases, the change of the growing place is carried out in the spring - at the end of March or the beginning of April, before bud break and the beginning of sap flow. The spring transplant is similar to the autumn one. However, here it should be understood that after that, garden jasmine will take a lot of time to restore strength and accumulate nutrients so that it can get stronger and take root well.
How to transplant a chubushnik to a new place
The stages of work during the transplantation of an adult chubushnik bush are as follows:
- pruning excess, old, dry, weak branches and shoots that thicken the bush;
- with the help of a rope, the branches of the bush are fastened together;
- abundantly water the bush with 5 - 6 liters of water to completely soften the soil;
- carefully dig in the jasmine near-trunk circle, retreating from the trunk by 30 cm, removing without damaging the roots with an earthen lump;
- a new planting pit is preliminarily prepared, the size of which should be slightly larger than the size of the root system of the chubushnik;
- at the bottom of the pit, a layer of drainage and fertile soil is placed with 2 handfuls of wood ash and the addition of superphosphate;
- the pit is watered with 1 bucket of water with a root-stimulating solution dissolved in it;
- a transplanted jasmine bush is installed and sprinkled with earth;
- the soil is compacted and abundantly shed;
- the trunk circle is mulched with needles, sawdust or fallen leaves;
- the ropes are removed from the jasmine branches.
Saplings, in view of their young age, are much easier to transplant. It is performed in the same way as for adult plants. Subsequent care for the chubushnik in autumn or spring is carried out according to the standard scheme.
How to plant a chubushnik
The process of planting a chubushnik bush is similar to a transplant. However, unlike her, such an event allows you to get new planting material. The timing of the procedure is the same as for the transplant. The dug bush is carefully freed from excess soil, and the roots are washed if necessary. With the help of a sharp knife or pruner, they are divided into several parts, making sure that several strong growths with healthy kidneys remain on each division. The ends of the branches and roots are slightly trimmed. Planting renewed seedlings is carried out in the same way as described above with preliminary preparation of planting holes, drainage and fertile soil. The deepening of the seedlings is carried out to the upper pair of buds, the earth is compacted and abundantly shed. Do not forget about mulching when transplanting or planting garden jasmine.
Only young jasmine shrubs are suitable for planting, the old ones simply cannot cope with reproduction in this way and will not take root in a new place. The resulting planting material is planted in accordance with all the requirements for the cultivation of a chubushnik. If during operation individual roots are damaged, they must be removed, and the cut must be treated with charcoal powder. Some time after transplanting, they are engaged in the formation of a garden jasmine bush and giving the crown a neat, symmetrical appearance.
How to care for a chubushnik
When growing a chubushnik, caring for it consists in the following agricultural techniques:
- regular watering and dressing in spring, summer and autumn;
- weeding from weeds, loosening and mulching the trunk circle;
- sanitary and formative pruning in early spring and after flowering;
- measures to prepare the plant for the winter period;
- preventive measures against pests and diseases, treatment with agents for detected diseases or pests.
Watering schedule
Chubushnik is a rather moisture-loving culture, especially during the flowering period. However, as mentioned above, in no case should it be flooded and waterlogged. The optimal schedule would be a weekly one-time watering with warm, settled water in the amount of 2 - 3 buckets per 1 adult bush. During a drought, the rate is increased up to 2 - 3 times a week.
Top dressing of chubushnik
When planting a mock orange in spring or autumn in open ground, additional feeding is not required, since the fertile soil contains all the nutrients necessary for the normal growth and development of the plant. Starting from the second year of planting, the following is used for the plant:
- organic fertilizers - applied in early spring in the form of slurry diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 or in the form of rotted manure directly into the soil of the tree trunk circle of decorative jasmine;
- solution of complex mineral fertilizers - they are watered with a mock orange before flowering from the 3rd year of planting: for 1 bucket of water, take 20 g of superphosphate, 15 g of urea and potassium sulfate;
- fertilizing with mineral fertilizers - repeat after flowering, timing it to the formative pruning of garden jasmine.
Loosening and mulching of the soil
Loosening to saturate the soil with oxygen and maintain it in a light, waterproof state is mandatory when growing a mock orange. The soil is loosened to a depth of 10 cm 3 - 4 times per season. After that, the jasmine tree trunk circle is mulched with fallen leaves, peat or humus. This measure allows you to retain moisture, avoiding drying out of the upper layers of the soil. In addition, mulching provides additional nutrition to the garden jasmine, improving the fertility and composition of the soil. Caring for a chubushnik in autumn necessarily includes mulching, which in winter will provide an additional guarantee of the safety of the root system of the culture from frost.
Preparing a chubushnik for winter
Garden jasmine tolerates winter well in the middle lane without additional shelter. However, the frost resistance of a crop depends on the specific species. So, some varieties of chubushnik perfectly tolerate a drop in temperature to 25 degrees below zero, others do not freeze only to 15 degrees below zero. Therefore, when buying seedlings, it is necessary to clarify the winter hardiness of a particular variety.
The preparation for the winter of the chubushnik begins before the onset of frost. The soil of the trunk circle is loosened deeply, destroying weeds, and mulched with a thick layer of humus, peat or fallen leaves. If necessary, cover the decorative jasmine shrub with burlap or other light, non-woven material, tying it with ropes. Young plants, the age of which does not exceed 1 year, need enhanced protection from cold weather. They must be sheltered for the winter, during the entire cold period they make sure that there is not very much snow cover on the bushes, since a large layer of snow can break the bushes. In the spring, the entire snow cap is removed from all garden jasmine bushes.
More information about planting, transplanting and the rules of caring for the king of domestic gardens - chubushnik, or garden jasmine - in a useful video:
Pests and diseases of the chubushnik
In order for the chubushnik to please with its decorative effect for a long time, as indicated in the description and shown in the photo, immediately when planting a shrub, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment against diseases and pests. To do this, use the permitted means for spraying just garden jasmine - Fufanon, Hom. Preventive spraying is best done during bud swelling, before and after flowering.
Most varieties of chubushnik are resistant to pests and plant diseases. However, with improper care or unfavorable conditions of maintenance, garden jasmine is affected by:
- fungal diseases - gray rot and septoria spot;
- aphids;
- spider mite;
- weevil.
To combat them, insecticides are used immediately after detection on jasmine bushes. In order for pests and diseases to bypass the chubushnik, the fallen leaves are removed in a timely manner, old, dry branches are cut off, avoiding thickening, and regular watering and feeding are provided. If false jasmine is placed near crops prone to the same diseases and pests, then preventive treatment is done for all plants at the same time.
In the photo of the picturesque composition there is a bush with other flowering plants that match each other in terms of description, growing conditions and planting rules.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for a chubushnik - this unpretentious and hardy culture - are simple activities that even a beginner can handle. And knowledge of the agricultural technology of plant transplantation will help in this.
