Content
- 1 Description of viburnum gordovina
- 2 Viburnum varieties gordovina
- 3 How to propagate viburnum gordovina
- 4 How to plant viburnum correctly
- 5 Caring for viburnum gordovina
- 6 Diseases and pests of viburnum gordovina
- 7 Kalina gordovina in landscape design
- 8 Useful properties of viburnum gordovin
- 9 Conclusion
- 10 Reviews about the cultivation of viburnum gordovin in the suburbs
Kalina gordovina is a beautiful shrub that is popular in landscape design. The culture is distinguished by low maintenance requirements, it easily takes root in almost any area and, moreover, has many valuable properties.
Description of viburnum gordovina
Kalina gordovina, or Gordovina ordinary (Viburnum lantana), is a deciduous shrub from the Adoksov family. It has a dense crown, shoots are covered with gray cracking bark, young branches and buds have hairy pubescence. The leaves of the gordovina viburnum are long on petioles, ovate with a pointed tip and weak serration along the edge. Above the plates are dark green and rough, from below - lighter, tomentose-pubescent.
The decorative period of the viburnum gordovin lasts from two weeks to a month
In June, the viburnum gordovina blooms with creamy white buds with long yellow stamens collected in umbrella inflorescences. Then fruits appear - small rounded or flattened berries. At the beginning of ripening, they are green, then turn red and gradually turn black.
Kalina gordovina is widespread in South and Central Europe, Asia Minor and the Caucasus. Also found in southern England, Algeria and Morocco. Selects open areas, ravine slopes and banks of water bodies, prefers calcareous soils.
Height of viburnum gordovin
Viburnum gordovina is able to rise up to 6 m above the ground, it looks more like a tree in size. The crown spreads up to 4 m in diameter, while usually retaining a neat outline.
Viburnum gordovin berries are edible or not
Small fruits of gordovina viburnum appear after the inflorescences have fallen off and usually fully ripen by October. Ripe black berries are suitable for eating, they are used for jam and fillings, used in the preparation of medicines. In this case, it is necessary to observe the measure so as not to encounter side effects.
Viburnum varieties gordovina
Kalina gordovina is popular in ornamental gardening. There are several beautiful and unpretentious varieties to grow.
Kalina gordovina variegata
Variety Variegata (Variegata) - low viburnum up to 1.5 above the ground with a round and very dense crown. The leaves of the plant are wide, wrinkled, up to 20 cm in length, with small light specks over the entire surface. The variety blooms in May and remains decorative for about a month. In autumn it produces round berries up to 7 mm in diameter with good taste.
The decorativeness of the viburnum gordovin Variegat is preserved throughout the season
Kalina gordovina Aureum
According to the description, the viburnum gordovina Aurea, or Aureum (Aureum), is a shrub up to 2 m tall with pubescent golden leaves of medium size. Brings small yellowish-white flowers in flat umbrellas. It grows on any soil, withstands drought well and is characterized by increased frost resistance.
To maintain a bright color, it is better to plant viburnum Aureum in illuminated areas.
Kalina gordovina Mohican
Viburnum gordovina Mohican is a tall shrub up to 4 m with a spreading dense and compact crown. It blooms profusely with creamy white buds in June, in August it bears berries - first red, then black, ripening unevenly. Prefers fertile soils, is not afraid of lack of moisture, but reacts poorly to boggy.
Kalina Mohicanin grows in the sun and in semi-shaded areas
How to propagate viburnum gordovina
Kalina gordovina reproduces well by seeds and vegetative methods. Which method to choose depends on preference, season and site conditions.
Layers
In the middle of spring, flexible young shoots of viburnum, located in the lower part of the bush, are bent to the ground and laid in small grooves. Layers must be fixed with staples so that they do not straighten, and water abundantly during the warm season. By the fall, the shoots will give their own roots, and they can be transplanted.
When propagating by layering, it is necessary to deepen the middle part of the shoot
Seeds
In mid-autumn, ripe viburnum berries are dried and seeds are extracted from them, and then placed in wet sand and removed for three months in a dark place with a temperature of about 18 ° C. After that, the material is placed in the refrigerator for another three months, after which it is planted in separate small pots or boxes for seedlings, deepening a maximum of 3 cm.
Regular watering is provided for the seeds, and when sprouts appear, they wait for several real leaves and carefully transfer the culture to a temporary place in the garden. In the open field, the gordovin viburnum is grown for another 2-3 years and only then transplanted to a permanent site.
Kalina gordovina from seeds begins to bear fruit after the fifth year of life
By dividing the bush
Young overgrown bushes can be propagated by dividing the rhizome. The procedure is carried out in early spring or autumn, shortly before the cold weather. The shrub is carefully dug out of the ground and cut with a sharp tool, making sure that at least three buds remain on each division. Plants are immediately transferred to the prepared wells and watered abundantly for the next several weeks.
After dividing the bush, the roots of the viburnum gordovin on the cuts can be sprinkled with ash or crushed coal
By cuttings
Viburnum is propagated by cuttings in the summer - in June or July, several shoots are cut about 10 cm long with at least two buds. The lower leaves are removed with an oblique cut, and the upper ones are shortened to half. The cuttings are placed in water with a growth stimulator until the roots appear, after which they are planted in a temporary place and grown for another 2-3 seasons.
For cuttings, you need to cut the green shoots that did not have time to woody
How to plant viburnum correctly
Kalina gordovina (Viburnum lantana) does not have complex planting requirements. Only the most basic rules need to be followed.
Landing dates
It is necessary to plant the plant in open ground in the fall in mid-October or in the spring before the start of active growing season. In both cases, the viburnum should be at rest, this will allow it to direct its forces towards root development.
Site and soil requirements
It is necessary to plant gordovin viburnum in lighted or slightly shaded places with cover from strong winds. The soil for the culture is best suited to black earth or loamy, with good moisture and low acidity. On peat, sand and podzolic soils, the plant develops poorly and often gets sick.
How to plant correctly
About a month before planting gordovin viburnum, it is necessary to prepare a site for it.
- The chosen place in the garden is dug up and enriched with peat and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.
- Arrange the hole about 40 cm deep and 50 cm wide.
- When planting several plants at the same time, at least 1 m of free space is left between the pits.
- Half a dug hole is covered with a mixture of garden soil, humus and peat, 30 g of urea and 250 g of wood ash are added.
- A viburnum seedling is pre-soaked in water for a couple of hours, and then placed in a hole in such a way that the roots lie evenly on the sides of the formed earthen mound.
- Filled with the rest of the soil mixture flush with the ground and slightly compacted.
After planting, the viburnum is abundantly watered and the trunk circle is mulched to slow down the evaporation of moisture.
In order for the gordovin viburnum seedling to take root faster, it is recommended to cut the aerial shoots to 20 cm
Caring for viburnum gordovina
Photos and descriptions of the gordovina viburnum shrub and fruits indicate that caring for the plant is simple. The gardener is required to comply with the basic measures that support the vital activity of the culture.
How to water
Kalina gordovina loves moisture, so the soil at its roots should not dry out. During hot periods without precipitation, the plant is watered once a week or more often. In rainy and cold months, additional moisture can be omitted.
How to fertilize
Kalina gordovina requires top dressing twice a season. In the spring it is fertilized with minerals with a high nitrogen content, and in the fall it is supplied with potassium and phosphorus. Shortly before the cold weather, together with the digging of the soil, rotted manure can be scattered in the near-trunk circle. Organic matter will not only provide the shrub with useful substances, but also insulate its roots with the arrival of winter.
Pruning
Viburnum gordovin bushes require annual sanitary pruning, it is needed to eliminate sick, broken and dried shoots. The procedure is performed in the spring, before the leaves appear.
To rejuvenate a very old viburnum bush, it can be cut to hemp
In decorative cultivation, a shaping haircut is also carried out as needed. Young shoots of the plant are pinched so that they do not grow stronger than necessary. Perennial branches are pruned entirely every 6-10 years. When growing viburnum gordovina in the form of a tree, lateral shoots are removed annually, in which case the culture will direct its forces to the development of the central trunk.
Preparing for winter
Kalina gordovina has a very high frost resistance and calmly survives cold snaps below -30 ° C. It is not necessary to cover it in the crown for the winter. It is recommended only to mulch the near-trunk circle with compost or humus with a layer of 10 cm to insulate the root system.
Diseases and pests of viburnum gordovina
Kalina gordovina is highly resistant to pests and fungi. But sometimes the following ailments affect her:
- powdery mildew - a dry whitish bloom appears on the leaves of the plant;
Powdery mildew gradually leads to yellowing and wilting of gordovina viburnum
- ascochitosis - rounded grayish spots with a dark border appear on the leaves and fruits of the plant.
With ascochitis, the spots on the viburnum crack by autumn and fall out
Fungal diseases are fought with the help of copper and colloidal sulfur preparations. Fungicides, for example, Fitosporin, Skor, Horus, have a good effect. Treatments are carried out according to the instructions several times per season, the intervals between them are 1-2 weeks.
Of insects for culture are dangerous:
- aphid - the pest settles on the stems and the lower surface of the leaves and sucks the juices from the viburnum;
An indirect sign of aphid infestation is the deformation of the leaf plates.
- comma-shaped scabbard - the pest attacks mainly young plants, multiplies rapidly and impairs fruiting;
When infected with a scabbard, gordovina viburnum begins to lag behind in growth and forms fewer leaves
- cap moth - pest caterpillars eat viburnum foliage from June to autumn.
The cover moth on Kalina gordovina appears at high humidity and temperatures above 20 ° С
To combat insects, it is customary to use insecticides - Karbofos, Aktaru and Aktellik. They are used up to three times per season at intervals of 2-3 weeks. In this case, the last processing is carried out no later than a month before harvesting the fruits. With a weak infection, home remedies can also help - tobacco and garlic infusion, a decoction of onion peels.
Kalina gordovina in landscape design
Viburnum gordovina ordinary is widely popular as an ornamental plant. Most often it is used:
- to form a hedge;
Kalina gordovina forms a dense green fence along the site and tolerates a decorative haircut well
- to highlight accents;
Bright viburnum gordovina helps to draw attention to certain corners of the garden
- for decorating bare walls;
The spreading crown of the viburnum covers the unsightly facades
Kalina gordovina in landscape design looks attractive throughout the warm season. It acquires an especially interesting appearance during the fruiting period, when its shoots are decorated with red and black berries at the same time.
Useful properties of viburnum gordovin
The leaves, bark, flowers and fruits of the viburnum gordovina contain a large amount of valuable substances. The composition includes:
- tannins and anthocyanins;
- phenol carboxylic acids;
- sucrose and pectin;
- triterpenoids;
- vitamin C;
- chalcones;
- catechins and flavonoids.
Raw materials of the plant are used in folk medicine for the preparation of decoctions and infusions with a pronounced medicinal effect. Kalina gordovina is used for diarrhea, it has a strengthening effect and soothes spasms in the intestines. Decoctions of the plant are beneficial for gingivitis, laryngitis and stomatitis, they can be used to rinse the mouth and throat to relieve inflammation and eliminate the bacterial process.
Conclusion
Kalina gordovina is an unpretentious, but very beautiful shrub with numerous valuable properties. The plant is widely used in landscape design, the endurance and frost resistance of the culture allows it to be grown in almost any region.
Reviews about the cultivation of viburnum gordovin in the suburbs
