Content
Kuril tea, like other perennial plants, can be propagated in several ways: by seeds, cuttings, layering, dividing rhizomes. Each method allows you to obtain derivative plants that do not differ in their characteristics from the parent, but at the same time, any of these methods has its own timing and distinctive features.
How can you propagate shrub cinquefoil
The most common breeding option for Potentilla is considered to be the division of rhizomes. The method consists in separating small pieces from the roots of the mother plant. The cut pieces are buried almost immediately in the soil.
The propagation method by green cuttings is more complex and less effective. The green shoots of Potentilla are cut into cuttings of a certain size, planted in a container with soil, covered with a film and kept in this state until roots are formed. The process is quite time consuming and requires certain skills in plant care.
For reproduction by layering on shoots in contact with the soil, cuts are made and sprinkled with earth. After a while, roots will appear in this place, but it is possible to separate the layers only after a year.
Reproduction of Kuril tea by seeds is the easiest and fastest way to get new plants. At the end of the summer season, the seeds are harvested, cleaned, dried and stored in paper bags. In the spring, they can be sown into the soil.
Each method differs not only in content, but also in terms of implementation. In the period from late July to early August, the propagation of Potentilla by layering and cuttings is optimal. It is recommended to divide the rhizomes in the spring, from late April to early May, as well as in September.
How to propagate Kuril tea by cuttings
The method of propagation of Potentilla shrub cuttings takes a lot of time. Before planting young shoots directly into the soil, it is necessary to properly prepare and root the cuttings. Until the formation of roots, certain measures should be taken to care and create comfortable conditions for the growth of young animals.
Timing
July - August are the best months for propagation of Potentilla by cuttings. By this time, the shoots are green, firm and well-ripened. When harvesting cuttings, it is also important to take into account the weather conditions and the time of day.
If there are warm sunny days, then the most optimal period for the formation of cuttings from the mother bush of Potentilla will be the period of the morning hours, preferably before sunrise. In case of cloudy weather, cuttings can be carried out throughout the day.
Drying and wilting of Potentilla cuttings should not be allowed. It is necessary to prepare everything in advance and immediately plant the cuttings processed after pruning with disinfecting and stimulating agents in a container with soil. It should not take more than 48 hours from the time of pruning to planting in the soil mixture.
Rules for harvesting cuttings
In order for the reproduction of Potentilla by shrub cuttings to be most effective, the process of selecting shoots on the parent bush should be approached correctly. The cuttings must be the same in size and appearance.The quality of young seedlings depends on this, as well as their further growth and development ability.
For harvesting planting cuttings, you can use almost all the shoots of the parent Potentilla bush. It is enough to retreat 3 - 5 cm from the base. If there are leaves on the left stalks, it is better to remove them. Each stalk should have 2 - 4 knots. Depending on this, their length can reach from 8 to 12 cm.
Cut cuttings are aligned along the bottom edge and tied with twine in bundles of 25-50 pieces. The next stage of preparation is the treatment of the cuttings with growth stimulants, which contribute to the rapid development of a powerful root system. Stimulating solutions are available at specialized stores. Before using them, you must carefully study the instructions. Some drugs are effective when diluted in cold water, others need boiling water or alcohol solution.
The stimulating solution can be prepared independently from 20-40 g of glucose or sucrose diluted in a liter of water. In addition, ordinary food sugar dissolved in water can serve as a nutritious natural carbohydrate element. Exposure of cuttings in a stimulating composition can be from 12 to 24 hours. The maximum temperature should not exceed 22 - 25 ℃.
To avoid decay of cut edges, cuttings must be treated with potassium permanganate, which has effective disinfecting properties. For this, 2 g of ammonium sulfate and 50 g of manganese are diluted in 1 liter of water.
After the preparation and processing of the cuttings, they proceed to the next stage of the reproduction of Potentilla.
How to root cuttings of Potentilla
Cuttings prepared in spring are planted in a large container with a nutritious substrate and drainage holes in the lower part. You can plant Potentilla shoots directly into the ground by choosing a shaded area in your garden. Each shoot must be covered with a jar or plastic bottle. Emerging buds can interfere with the rooting process and should be removed.
Green cuttings absorb moisture from the air with the help of leaves, therefore they especially need high humidity. Lignified cuttings depend on the moisture content of the substrate. The soil must be kept moist at all times. For full-fledged rooting, it is necessary to spray the cuttings at least 3-4 times a day.
The nutrient substrate is prepared in advance. It should consist of humus, coarse sand and lime peat. To increase its quality content, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are added. Within 6 - 8 weeks after grafting Potentilla shoots turn into independent plants with a strong root system. After the growth on rooted cuttings has appeared, they can be transplanted into the soil to a permanent place.
Transfer to the ground
Before planting Potentilla shoots in open ground, they must first be prepared and hardened. Hardening can be done in different ways:
- opening windows and vents in the room where the cuttings are located;
- temperature reduction using fogging systems (artificial fog);
- taking out containers with planting material to the street;
- removal of the greenhouse cover.
All these measures will make it possible to adapt the ready-made rooted cuttings of Potentilla to the natural and climatic conditions of the garden. Hardening procedures are recommended for 2-3 weeks before planting in the ground.
Reproduction of Potentilla by cuttings is possible not only at the end of summer, but also in late autumn. In this case, it is better to use lignified annual shoots. They are cut into cuttings 10 - 12 cm in size and almost completely deepened into the nutrient substrate, leaving 1 - 1.5 cm on the surface. The upper bud is also not sprinkled with soil.From this moment until rooting, it is necessary to create shading conditions. A lime liquid can be applied to the glass of greenhouses, which will protect the planted cuts of Potentilla from direct sunlight.
Cloudy and rainy weather is most favorable for transplanting. Within 1 - 2 years, the cuttings will reach standard sizes, subject to the basic rules of care.
Reproduction of Potentilla by layering
This is the easiest and fastest way to reproduce Kuril tea. Dates of its holding - spring, summer. The soil around the uterine Potentilla is loosened and fertilized with a mixture of sand and peat. On the Potentilla bush, strong, lignified, but rather flexible shoots are chosen, located in the immediate vicinity of the soil surface. They are cleaned of leaves and side branches, then neat cuts are made, lightly pressed to the ground and sprinkled with soil. For better fixing of the grounding, the shoot is pressed with a stone or a wire loop.
Shoots are directed in different directions from the Potentilla bush at a distance of at least 10 cm from each other. In order for the buds to awaken better, the ends of the branches are cut off by 7 - 10 cm. Several shoots can grow on the buds from the buds.
The roots should appear within 10 days, but do not rush to separate the new plant. It is necessary to give him time to fully strengthen. Layers can be separated and planted in another place in the fall, but it is better to do this after a year. Until that moment, they must be watered and fed with a fertile mixture of sand, humus and earth, taken in equal amounts, separately from the parent Potentilla bush.
In autumn, the bent rooted branches are cut off with pruning shears, dug up and divided in accordance with the number of vertical shoots. Each Potentilla seedling must have a root and at least one shoot. Up to 6 seedlings can be obtained from one layer. Strong shoots are planted in the soil, weak ones are grown.
Reproduction of Kuril tea by layering is the most effective. Cuttings are more viable than cuttings. This method of vegetative propagation has proven itself well in arid conditions and in areas without regular watering.
Propagation of Potentilla by seeds
Potentilla seeds are harvested in late August and mid-autumn, depending on the weather conditions in the region. They can be sown immediately or dried and stored for several years. When growing Potentilla from seeds, you must adhere to certain rules.
Before planting, the soil must be loosened and leveled with a rake. The seeds are spread over the surface and pressed lightly. A small layer of nutritious soil is applied on top and watered well. Small sprouts will appear from the seeds within 2 to 3 weeks. After a month, they can be planted at a distance of at least 40 cm from each other. The seedlings are watered, and the ground is sprinkled with sawdust or needles. They will be able to reach an adult state only after 4 - 5 years.
Reproduction of cinquefoil with shrub seeds, subsequent care and cultivation does not require special efforts and skills. This method, in comparison with others, provides the largest number of shoots and the best growth efficiency.
How to propagate Potentilla by dividing a bush
A good time to divide the roots is spring or warm autumn. Maternal Potentilla must be at least 4 years old. The selected bush is carefully dug out with a pitchfork so as not to damage the root system. Separate healthy roots with a hatchet or shovel. The rest are planted back into the soil and watered. Each selected part should have 2 - 3 buds. The roots are treated with any mixture that contributes to the qualitative improvement and acceleration of their formation. Thick roots are cut into pieces 5 - 7 cm.
If the mother cinquefoil has thin roots, then the root cuttings are placed horizontally on the ground and sprinkled with soil. In a container with a prepared nutrient substrate, spread the root parts on top, observing a distance of 3 - 5 cm. After that, cover 1 cm of soil and water well. For the winter period, boxes with root seedlings are stored in an unheated greenhouse or any other cool room - a garage, basement. By spring, the cinquefoil takes root, and the cuttings can be planted in open ground at a distance of 40 cm.
Reproduction of Potentilla by dividing rhizomes allows you to get seedlings of very high quality without much hassle.
How to propagate yellow cinquefoil by offspring
Offshoots are aboveground or underground lateral shoots of yellow cinquefoil, which grow from dormant adventitious buds located in the area of the root collar. They appear within a radius of 0.5 to 7 m from the maternal Potentilla. Shoots are formed in June-July.
The disadvantage of reproduction of Potentilla yellow by offspring is that these processes take root slowly. To speed up the process, the young are separated from the yellow Potentilla bush and planted in open ground or pots with a soil-sand mixture. It is worth preparing drainage in advance, which will contribute to the rapid formation and strengthening of roots.
The grown growth of a healthy bush is cut off no closer than 2 m from the trunk, so as not to damage the skeletal roots. The shoots are dug in within a radius of 20 cm, carefully separated from the maternal roots of Potentilla and transplanted to another place. Autumn planting can lead to the death of root suckers in winter. Gardeners are advised to separate the offspring of yellow Potentilla in the spring in the first half of May.
Care rules
At each stage of reproduction of Potentilla shrub, it is necessary to carry out additional measures for the care and creation of favorable conditions for the growth and strengthening of young seedlings. One of the main requirements is compliance with the required level of soil or substrate moisture. Even small interruptions in watering can lead to the death of plants.
When planting Potentilla seedlings in a permanent place, it is necessary to maintain a distance between the bushes of at least 30 cm. The bottom of each prepared hole is covered with lime gravel. Then half of the remaining space is filled with a soil mixture prepared from the following components:
- 2 parts of humus;
- 2 pieces of land;
- 1 part sand;
- 150 g of complex mineral fertilizer.
The root collar of the Potentilla seedling should rise above ground level. The soil must be well compacted and watered abundantly. To reduce the rate of drying of the soil, sprinkle it with sawdust, bark or straw. On hot summer days, you can spray the sprouts in the evening.
During the entire period of growth of seedlings, in addition to mulching and regular watering, work is carried out to remove weeds, feed and loosen the soil. Mulching is carried out 2 - 3 times per summer. Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers for flowering plants is applied 3 times: in May, July and August-September.
Conclusion
Kuril tea can be propagated in various ways. Each has its own advantages and characteristics. With the correct fulfillment of the basic requirements, amateur gardeners can always independently increase the number of such beautiful plants as Potentilla, while retaining its original characteristics and properties. It is a wonderful decoration for garden plots and gives the entire territory a noble, well-groomed appearance.
