Content
- 1 Where does the Chinese pear grow
- 2 Description of Chinese pear
- 3 Chinese pear varieties
- 4 Features of planting and caring for a Chinese pear
- 5 Why is the Chinese pear useful?
- 6 The harm of the Chinese pear
- 7 Chinese pear during pregnancy and breastfeeding
- 8 How much does one Chinese pear weigh
- 9 How many calories are in a Chinese pear
- 10 Chinese pear recipes
- 11 Terms and conditions of storage of fruits
- 12 Conclusion
Among the variety of pear varieties, Chinese pear deserves special attention, due to a wide range of technical characteristics, as well as tasty and healthy fruits. Cultivation of culture is becoming commonplace, and the number of fans of this luxurious tree is growing rapidly every year.
Where does the Chinese pear grow
The growing area of the Chinese pear is China. On the territory of Russia, it is distributed only in the Primorsky Territory. The climatic conditions of other areas of this culture are not very suitable. But the correct choice of variety, competent planting and the implementation of all agrotechnical techniques for care will allow you to get healthy, tasty pear fruits in any region.
Description of Chinese pear
As a result of the work of breeders, the fruits of the Chinese pear inherited all the advantages of the forest analogue of Yamanashi, and were also provided with excellent taste of ripe fruits. The resulting variety became the basis for breeding many varieties with different properties, which made it possible to find hybrids with high frost resistance. Despite the differences, all varieties of Chinese pears have common characteristics.
The tree can be from 4 to 10 m tall and fully grow and develop for 50 years. Almost all modifications are partially self-fertile. From this it follows that the pear tree will bear fruit even in the absence of pollinating plants, while delighting with high yields, which in the 5th year of the plant's life are 60-80 kg from one tree, and after 30 years - 200 kg. Any Asian pear - Bronze, Eastern, can act as a pollinator. It is important that its growing season coincides with the development of the Chinese pear.
The cultivar demonstrates excellent cold survival. For example, Kosu can withstand frosts down to -35 ° C. But the morning freshness does not differ in such high resistance, therefore it needs shelter for the winter.
Photos of the Chinese pear in the process of flowering fascinate with beauty. Pear fruits with a round shape and a rich, beautiful color, depending on the variety, which can vary from a delicate green to a bronze shade, attract attention. The fragrant pulp has a peach color, is juicy, uniform, but not soft. The fruits are characterized by a harmonious taste and delicate aroma.
Chinese pear varieties
A large number of varieties of Chinese pear allows you to choose the one that is optimal for cultivation in a certain region, climatic conditions, soil. When choosing a variety of Chinese pear, you also need to take into account the personal taste preferences of the gardener and his willingness to carry out the correct and timely care of the fruit crop.
Chinese Pear Nashi
The variety of Chinese pear, which has the exotic name "Nashi", is the result of selection, thanks to which the sour pear fruit with a firm structure has acquired excellent taste characteristics and juiciness.
Rounded fruit weighing up to 290 g. Its thin skin has a light yellow color and specific spots. The creamy pulp is characterized by juiciness, density, and has a characteristic crunch. The sweet taste with a slight sourness makes this variety popular and in demand.
Fruits are not stored for a long time, after a week the product begins to turn black outdoors. If the pear fruits are removed to a cool place, the shelf life is increased to 2 weeks.
Scythe
Summer variety of Chinese pear, which ripens in mid-July. A tree up to 4 m high. Fruiting occurs in 3 years, and under comfortable conditions, and 2 years after planting. The hybrid is considered self-pollinating, but with a number of pollinators, yield indicators increase significantly. The fruit of the Kosu is in the form of a circle, painted in a bright bronze-gold color with the presence of white dots. The average weight of one fruit is 130-160 g. The pulp is juicy and has a sweet taste. The disadvantage of this variety is the short shelf life, so the fruit should be used immediately after harvest.
Kosu has good resistance to bacterial diseases, scab. The pear tree is not afraid of frost, requires shelter for the winter only at very low temperatures.
Jose
This variety is a columnar modification of the Chinese pear. Small pear tree up to 2 m tall. Fruit set is observed on almost all lateral branches. Jose is a self-pollinated variety, but for better yields, you should not abandon pollinators. The plant begins to give fruits already for 2-3 years, the yield indicators are high, stable. The mass of one pear is up to 300 g. Under the skin of a bronze color there is a very juicy, but firm pulp. The high carbohydrate content in Chinese pear makes the taste sweeter, more delicate. The characteristics of this variety allow the harvest to be stored until December.
Hosu is able to withstand frosts up to 30 ° C, and also has good immunity to diseases and pests. The culture needs minimal maintenance.
Olympic
An autumn variety that can be harvested in mid-September. It starts bearing fruit for 2 years. The variety needs pollinators. The fruits are circular in shape, painted green with a golden hue, with small gray blotches on the skin. The weight of one pear is 160-200 g. The variety is valued for its balanced, sweet and sour taste and juicy, dense pulp. The harvest is stored until January.
Olympic demonstrates resistance to all types of scab and other bacterial infections.
Morning freshness
A summer variety of the Chinese pear, which bears fruit in early August with tasty juicy pear fruits that are small, round and yellow in color. The average weight of one fruit is from 115 to 180 g. The first harvest is formed after 3-4 years from the moment of planting the seedlings. The consumer period is 2-3 weeks.
The variety is distinguished by good winter hardiness, is not afraid of severe frosts and is rarely exposed to diseases, pest attacks.
Crystal
One of the most popular varieties of Chinese pear is Crystal. It is appreciated for its high yield, resistance to temperature fluctuations, and various fungi. The fruits have a firm pulp of light yellow or white color. The thin rind has a sandy color and small light brown blotches. The white Chinese pear ripens in the fall, during this period it is necessary to harvest.
Features of planting and caring for a Chinese pear
Planting should be carried out in the spring before the buds swell and the sap begins to flow according to the standard scheme.The culture is very demanding on location, heat and moisture. Therefore, preference should be given to sunny, windless areas, since the ripening time of pears, their color and the formation of flower buds will depend on this.
The best yield is observed when the seedlings of this variety are erected, on substrates characterized by nutritional value and friability.
Planting stages:
- Dig a hole, at least 60 cm deep. The roots of the seedling should fit freely into the planting hole, not bend or break. Also, when landing, the distance between the landing units must be kept within 3 m.
- Pour drainage on the bottom of the hole, on top of which put a soil mixture containing organic substances.
- In the center, form a hill and drive in a peg, which will become a reliable support for a young tree.
- Place the seedlings in the prepared hole on the north side of the peg, straightening the roots and sprinkling them so that the root collar is 5 cm above the soil surface.
- The soil around the trunk should be well compacted and watered abundantly.
- When the moisture is absorbed, mulch with sawdust, humus.
- At the end of planting, securely tie the seedling to the support.
You can grow a plant from seeds, in more detail on:
The health of the pear tree, its growth, development and fruiting depends on the efforts spent by the gardener on the basic care measures that they provide.
- timely and competent pruning in the spring and autumn;
- performing a spraying procedure against diseases and pests before bud swelling, before flowering and after using highly effective and well-proven preparations;
- enrichment of the pear tree with all the necessary nutrients, through the introduction of a complex of fertilizers to ensure its healthy appearance, strong immunity;
- maintaining constant and uniform soil moisture;
- the implementation of tree formation to create a strong crown, easy to care for and harvest;
- preparation for winter, by mulching around the trunk circle and warming the trunk in order to protect the plant from severe frosts.
Competent care of the Chinese pear will increase yields, extend the life span, give a beautiful appearance to the garden, and prevent the development of diseases caused by bacteria.
Why is the Chinese pear useful?
Pear fruits are able to give the body health and vitality. The benefits of the Chinese pear are explained by the content of biologically active substances in the composition of the fruit crop, which are able to comprehensively strengthen, restore the functions of the body, and normalize the work of important systems. Therefore, they are considered a panacea for many diseases. When taking a natural healthy product, health improvement and recovery are monitored, because the beneficial properties of Chinese pear:
- stimulate the immune system, which is a defense mechanism against infections, pathological factors, environmental irritants;
- improve hormones and thyroid function;
- activate the process of synthesis of proteins necessary for the formation of cells;
- regulate the activity of the musculoskeletal system;
- balance the work of the digestive system;
- restore damaged sectors of the nervous system, supply the body with energy;
- normalize gastric secretion, promotes better digestion, increased appetite;
- for type 2 diabetics, the Chinese pear will cleanse the body of excess toxins and cholesterol hazardous to health, and also normalizes blood sugar levels;
- are a supplier of valuable substances to the body of a pregnant woman, which contribute to the full development of the embryo
The beneficial properties of the Chinese pear with regular use will help to cope with unpleasant symptoms of the disease, and the chemical composition of the pear fruit will replenish the reserves of minerals and trace elements in the human body.
The harm of the Chinese pear
The delicious, juicy, wholesome pear fruit of the Chinese pear can bring both benefits and harm to human health. Therefore, it should be used with caution, taking into account all possible contraindications.
- It is not recommended to eat a pear on an empty stomach in order to avoid bouts of heartburn.
- You can not eat Chinese pear with milk - this will provoke an upset stomach and a serious disruption in the digestive system. Also, fruits are incompatible with meat products, since such a tandem contributes to poor absorption of biologically active substances.
- It is forbidden to eat unripe pears, in this form they have powerful laxative properties that can exacerbate chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
- In order not to be poisoned by fertilizers, chemicals, it is better to peel off the peel from a Chinese pear.
- Treats should be abandoned for individual intolerance.
It is important to adhere to all the recommendations of experts, since the uncontrolled, thoughtless use of the useful Chinese pear can disrupt the activity of many systems and organs.
Chinese pear during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Particular attention should be paid to proper nutrition during pregnancy. Knowing all its features, the expectant mother, without resorting to pharmaceutical preparations, will be able to provide the baby with all the necessary elements. As you know, not all fruits need to be included in the diet during the development of the fetus in the womb. The healthy Chinese pear is recommended to be consumed throughout the entire period, only without the peel, since it can be equipped with organic fertilizers and harmful chemicals.
Why Chinese pear is useful during pregnancy:
- enriches the diet with a complex of vitamins and minerals;
- increases immunity, restores strength in case of loss of strength, with vitamin deficiency;
- raises the level of hemoglobin in the blood;
- reduces permanent body temperature;
- copes with palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias;
- improves kidney function.
The daily dose of Chinese pear for pregnant women is 0.5 kg. You should be aware that healthy fruits should not be consumed at night.
When breastfeeding, the Chinese pear should be eaten with caution. Since pear fruits can affect the body of mom and baby both positively and negatively. In many cases, healthy fruits do not cause any trouble in babies, they are considered hypoallergenic. Therefore, useful pears can be safely included in the diet of a nursing woman as early as 1 month after the birth of a child. But start eating in small doses, increasing the portion depending on the baby's reaction.
How much does one Chinese pear weigh
The average weight of one Chinese pear ranges from 190-350 g, depending on the variety. The fruit reaches 4 cm in diameter. The main weight is water. About 42 g of 100 g of pulp is liquid, the rest of the mass is ash, fiber, vitamins and minerals.
How many calories are in a Chinese pear
People leading a healthy lifestyle are interested in how many calories are in a Chinese pear. 100 g of fruit contains 47 kcal. Basically, the calorie content of a useful product is calculated based on the weight of the fetus. The average weight of one is about 300 g, which means that its calorie content is 140 units. When developing healthy nutrition systems, nutritionists give preference to healthy fresh pear fruit, since low calorie values make the Chinese pear an ideal component of the menu when developing dietary programs.
Energy table and BJU Chinese pear
Protein | 0.5 g |
Fats | 0.2 g |
Carbohydrates | 7-10 g |
Water | 85 g |
Alimentary fiber | 2.8 g |
Chinese pear recipes
There are many recipes with this gift of nature, including hot dishes, salads, desserts and all kinds of other delicacies.
Nutritious Chinese Pear Salad
Such a salad is served both for a holiday and for an everyday table.Thanks to the use of Chinese pear, the dish acquires a new flavor and fresh aroma.
Ingredients and proportions:
- 4 things. pears;
- 4 cloves of garlic;
- 150 g of hard cheese;
- mayonnaise.
Cooking method:
- Peel the pear and cut into small pieces, chop the garlic using a press, chop the cheese into cubes.
- Mix all components and season with mayonnaise.
Gourmet Caramelized Chinese Pear in Pastry
This culinary masterpiece will delight every sweet tooth. The pear fruit as part of a unique dessert will add originality to the taste and amazing aroma.
Ingredients and proportions:
- 1.8 kg of Chinese pear;
- ½ tbsp. wheat flour;
- ½ cane sugar;
- 1 tsp cinnamon;
- 1 tsp salt;
- 1/2 pack of butter;
- 1 tbsp. oat flakes;
- 1.2 tbsp. almonds;
- 1.4 tbsp. grated ginger;
- 2 tbsp. l. corn starch;
- 1.4 tbsp. Sahara.
Cooking method:
- Combine flour, cane sugar, half of the indicated amount of cinnamon and salt in an enamel saucepan. Add butter to the mixture and stir everything well.
- Combine the resulting mass with rolled oats, grated ginger. Then put the finished dough in the refrigerator.
- In a separate bowl, combine the sugar, cornstarch, remaining salt and cinnamon.
- Cut the washed pear fruits into large slices. Dip the prepared pears in a sweet mixture, and then in a butter dough.
- Preheat the oven to 180 ° С and put the fruits laid out on a baking sheet on parchment for 40-60 minutes.
- Serve warm caramelized pear.
Amazing Chinese Fruit Jam
The recipe is quite simple and quick, but the result is a delicate, pleasant jam that will certainly become a favorite family dessert.
Ingredients and proportions:
- 2 kg of pears;
- 2 kg of sugar;
- 2 tbsp. water.
Cooking method:
- Chop the pears and put them in a bowl for making jam.
- Add sugar, smoothing the fruit pieces over the surface. Leave on for 3 hours until juice forms.
- Pour in water and cook for 1 hour, turning on the heat to a minimum, constantly stirring.
- Pour hot Chinese pear jam into jars and seal with lids.
Terms and conditions of storage of fruits
The Chinese pear should be stored in a cool, dark place. The room must be clean, dry, free of mold and odors. It is necessary to store pears in accordance with all the rules, taking into account the ratio of temperature and humidity, this will prevent damage to pear fruits and their decay. The optimum temperature is from + 6-8 ° С, and the humidity is 85-90%. Harvest under appropriate conditions is suitable for consumption for about 2-4 months and remains fresh, healthy product.
Conclusion
The Chinese pear is considered an environmentally friendly variety that has gained popularity with its quick adaptation to climatic conditions, soil types, and excellent taste and delicate aroma of fruits. A planted tree will become the dignity of a garden plot and will delight you with the beauty of its flowering and a generous harvest of sweet and juicy fruits for a long time.
