Plum Ural

Uralskaya plum is a frost-resistant fruit tree variety. Widely distributed in the northern regions of the country. Excellent taste of the fruit, regular fruiting, a large harvest made the variety popular in large and small gardening.

Breeding history of the variety

The subspecies of the Ural plum were bred by breeders after a series of scientific experiments. Red, yellow varieties appeared thanks to the Chelyabinsk scientist Mullayanov K.K. He crossed the cherry plum hybrids, having received a new variety. In 2002, the Yellow Hopta was crossed with a dogwood. The result was the Ural Golden Plum.

Description of Ural plum varieties

The plum variety Uralskaya was bred for the purpose of cultivation in the harsh climate of Siberia and the Urals. Its subspecies are very popular with local gardeners:

• Ural Yellow;
• Ural Red;
• Ural Gold.

Ural Red

A distinctive feature of the Ural red plum is an increased level of frost resistance. The variety can be grown in northern regions with low temperatures.

Red plum has a number of characteristics. They must be taken into account when planting, leaving:

1. Trees of medium height. Adult plants reach 2-3 m.
2. The crown is thick, wide.
3. The fruits are not large. Weight of one - 15 g. Plum red, oval. During the ripening process, the side seam may crack.
4. The taste is sweet with sourness. The yellow pulp is juicy. The bone is small.
5. The first crop is harvested after 4 years. Fruiting increases every year.

Ural Golden

The history of the subspecies begins in 2002. The breeder has developed a new variety by crossing the Yellow Hopta with a dogwood. The main features of the hybrid:

1. Medium-sized tree.
2. The crown is spreading, dense.
3. Golden fruits weigh 15-17 g. The flesh of the plums is yellow, juicy, sweet.
4. The harvest is regular and abundant. The fruit ripens quickly.

You can eat the fruits fresh. Golden plums are often used for canning.

Ural Yellow

The subspecies of the Ural plum is focused on the harsh climate of the northern regions.

The yellow variety has distinctive features:

1. It resembles a shrub in shape. Grows up to 2.5 m.
2. The crown of the plum is spreading, dense.
3. The branches are flexible. At the base, they are wide, the ends are thin.
4. Plum blooms in mid-May with beautiful white inflorescences.
5. Fruits are round in shape with a small pit. The weight of one plum is 15-16 g. The taste is sweet without sourness.
6. Fruiting is regular in early August. One tree produces 10-15 kg of fruit.

The fruits of the Yellow Ural plum tolerate transportation well and are stored for a long time.

The variety is self-fertile. He needs additional pollinators. Another subspecies is best suited for this - Ural Red. The variety is unpretentious. Regular watering, feeding, additional insulation are the main care procedures.

Ural prunes

The Ural prune is a frost-resistant variety. Distinctive features of the subspecies:

1. The tree is average. Grows up to 2 m.
2. The crown is spreading, dense.
3. Fruit shade from dark red to black. The weight of one oval plum is 15 g. The taste is sweet, slightly tart.
4. The harvest of the subspecies is regular, abundant.

The fruits tolerate transportation well. Most often they are used in the manufacture of dried fruits.

Variety characteristics

The characteristic features of the Ural plum allow you to build a competent plant care scheme. This will contribute to a bountiful harvest and a healthy tree.

Drought resistance, frost resistance

Subspecies of the Ural variety have a high level of frost resistance. The variety was bred for distribution in the northern regions. The plant is favorable to the warm climate. In drought conditions, the plum needs regular watering.

Plum pollinators

The flowering period is early. In May, the plant is covered with fragrant inflorescences. To obtain a crop, pollinators are needed in the form of other subspecies of the variety: Ural Red, Yellow, Golden. The fruits have an average ripening rate.

Productivity and fruiting

The variety gives regular, bountiful harvests. The first fruiting occurs on average 3-4 years after planting the seedling. The fruits of the Ural plum are large and sweet.

Scope of berries

The fruits of the Red, Yellow, Golden plum are used for conservation: preserves, jams, compotes. Ural prunes are perfect for harvesting dried fruits. Fresh fruits are a delicious summer dessert.

Disease and pest resistance

The level of resistance to diseases and pests in all subspecies of the Ural plum is high. The golden variety can be affected by aphids, clasterosporium. With additional preventive measures, this problem can be avoided.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The indisputable advantages of the Ural variety distinguish it favorably in comparison with other varieties of northern fruit crops:

1. High frost resistance.
2. Trees are pollinators within their variety.
3. Large plums yield regular and abundant crops.
4. Good resistance to damage by pests and diseases.
5. The possibility of long-term storage of fruits. Excellent transportability.

During frequent thaws, the immunity of the plum may decrease. She needs careful care during this period.

Landing features

Planting the Ural Red, Golden, Yellow plums is a standard process. You should carefully choose a landing site, follow the recommended sequence of actions in a favorable period.

Recommended timing

Best time to plant: March-April. Seedlings planted in early spring will strengthen, acclimatize, prepare for autumn and winter frosts during the summer period.

What kind of soil does the Ural plum like?

A frost-resistant plant prefers sunny places in the garden. The landing area must be on a hill. Plum does not like drafts. In the lowland, it will be blown by strong northerly winds. Fertile soil is perfect for the Ural variety. You should choose a soil with a neutral acidity level. Otherwise, the variety grows slowly, bears fruit poorly.

What crops can and cannot be planted nearby

You shouldn't create an artificial shadow for the plum. Tall trees with a spreading crown are not suitable as good neighbors (maple, birch, poplar, others). Subspecies of the Ural plum take root next to each other. Often, plantings are formed from varieties of the same variety.

Selection and preparation of planting material

A standard set of planting materials should be ready two weeks before direct work with the seedling:

1. Shovel.
2. Rake for loosening.
3. Fertilizers.
4. Devices for additional support (stake, rope).
5. Water.

Landing algorithm

Preparation for planting begins in two weeks. The selected seedling must be carefully examined. Dry, rotten areas are pruned. The remaining parts are processed with potassium permanganate.The stages of planting a seedling are not laborious:

1. Pit formation. Holes are dug in advance. The parameters of the planting holes should correspond to the size of the rhizome. Width - 70 cm, diameter - 70 cm.
2. Soil preparation. The soil from the hole is mixed with peat, humus. The resulting mixture is poured into a pit.
3. The seedling is lowered into the recess. A stake is placed next to it for better fixation. Sprinkle the stalk with earth, tamp it.
4. Watering is required. Up to 15 liters of water are consumed per plant.
5. The seedling is tied to a peg with a soft rope.

Plum follow-up care

Ural Red, Yellow, Golden plums do not require careful maintenance. If the gardener wants a high-quality, bountiful harvest, then it is necessary to adhere to the established rules:

1. Watering. Water five times during the season. The first moistening is carried out during the period of swelling of the kidneys. The second is before flowering, the third is after it. Active watering should be carried out at the stage of fruit formation. At least 20 liters of water are consumed per tree.
2. Top dressing... Organic fertilizers are applied at the time of digging the soil in spring, autumn. During flowering, after it the plum is fed with potassium, phosphorus preparations.
3. Pruning necessary for the formation of the correct crown. A good period is April, May. The newly planted seedling is shortened to a height of 70 cm. In subsequent years, they work with a central guide. It should be higher than the side shoots.
4. Prophylaxis diseases, pests.
5. Preparing for winter. A frost-resistant plant needs additional shelter before the onset of cold weather.

Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention

Conclusion

Uralskaya plum is a popular northern fruit tree. Due to its frost resistance, it is widespread in Siberia and the Urals. Red, Yellow, Golden plums are the bright representatives of the variety. The regularity of a bountiful harvest is one of the main advantages of the subspecies.

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