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Bordered gallerina (Galerina marginata, Pholiota marginata) is a dangerous gift from the forest. Inexperienced mushroom pickers often confuse it with summer honey. Moreover, it can grow among these edible mushrooms. When going to the forest, you need to know the external signs of the fungus, so as not to harm your health.
Bordered gallerina grows in the same places as summer honey agaric, loves stumps and rotten wood
What does a bordered gallery look like?
This representative of the Gimenogastrov family has its own external characteristics.
Bordered gallerina has a small brown or yellowish cap (about 9 cm). When the mushroom only appears above the surface of the earth, this part of the fruiting body looks like a bell, the edge is bent inward. The plates are covered with a blanket. A surface with a highly visible gloss.
As it grows, the cap changes shape, becomes flat. The edges are so stretched that they begin to shine through, parallel grooves are visible on them.
The plates are narrow, located very close to each other. In a young gallery bordered, they are light, then a rusty tint appears. Disputes are of the same color.
On a thin long leg (up to 5 cm) of a dirty brown hue, there is a ring left over from a torn bedspread. The upper part of the hollow leg is covered with a coating that resembles flour.
The color of the flesh matches the color of the cap or slightly darker. The mushroom gives off a persistent smell of flour.
On the legs of the gallery, unlike summer honey agarics, there is a whitish coating, which is erased from contact
Where the bordered gallery grows
The species grows on almost all continents:
- Asia and Europe;
- North America and Australia;
- Russia.
In the Russian Federation, a bordered gallery can be found on the Crimean Peninsula, in the forests of the Caucasus, in the Far East, the Urals and in Siberia.
It grows on the trunks of dead pines and firs. If tree remains are located in moist moss, then fungi can settle there too. Fruiting begins in August and lasts until October.
Is it possible to eat a gallery bordered
Despite the attractive appearance, you should not fill the basket with these fruiting bodies, similar to honey mushrooms. Galerina bordered is a poisonous mushroom that should not be eaten. Cases of poisoning have been described for a long time. The first human death after the consumption of this species was noted in 1912 in the United States of America. During the period from 1978 to 1995, five of the 11 poisoned were not saved.
In terms of chemical composition, the bordered gallery is similar to the pale toadstool. It contains the same poison, it acts slowly. In 1 g, there are 78-279 μg of amatoxins. If an adult weighing 70 kg eats 30 medium-sized mushrooms, it will be impossible to save him.
A few mushrooms are enough to cause the death of a child, weighing about 20 kg
Poisoning symptoms
Poisoning with a bordered gallery is not always immediately recognizable.Symptoms do not appear until 24 hours later. This is another danger from eating unfamiliar mushrooms.
A day later, the poisoned person is observed:
- severe vomiting that lasts a long time and does not stop even after the stomach is completely empty;
- diarrhea, accompanied by acute abdominal pain;
- constant urge for little need, which leads to dehydration;
- convulsions;
- the body temperature becomes below the accepted norm, the limbs begin to freeze.
This condition lasts for about three days, then the symptoms disappear, it seems that the condition has improved. An urgent need to sound the alarm and seek help from a doctor.
The fact is that the improvement is false, jaundice will soon begin, caused by impaired liver function. This can be fatal.
Only a timely visit to a doctor will save you from death in case of poisoning with poisonous mushrooms
First aid for poisoning
It should be borne in mind that the poison of the bordered gallerina is not absorbed too quickly. After 6-10 hours, it begins to act, which is why the first symptoms appear. As soon as the victim becomes ill, an ambulance must be called urgently.
Before her arrival, first aid should be given to the victim. This is very important, since it is precisely such actions that will partially rid the body of toxins, and reduce the suffering of the patient.
First aid for poisoning consists in the following actions:
- Give the victim activated carbon, taking into account the patient's weight (for 10 kg - 1 pc.).
- A pale pink solution of potassium permanganate is well suited for removing toxins from a bordered gallerina. You can do otherwise: dilute in 1 tbsp. warm water 1 tsp. salt and give a drink.
- Do not wait for continuous vomiting. It is better to call it after taking a manganese or saline solution in order to get rid of the poisoned food as soon as possible.
- To avoid dehydration (it, as a result, appears from vomiting and diarrhea), you need to give a large amount of boiled water.
- Put the big one in bed and cover it well, as the body temperature begins to drop. To warm up, you will need a plentiful hot drink (freshly brewed tea). You can also additionally cover the patient's legs with heating pads filled with water.
Conclusion
Galerina bordered - a poisonous, inedible mushroom. Eating it accidentally can cost you your life. When collecting, it is necessary to separate poisonous mushrooms from edible ones, because, once in a pan with useful fruit bodies, they poison the entire contents. So, you need to take only those fruits about which everything is known.
