Content
- 1 What does a red fly agaric look like?
- 2 When and where do red mushrooms grow?
- 3 What causes the medicinal properties of red fly agaric?
- 4 The use of red fly agaric in folk medicine
- 5 Alternative medicine applications
- 6 Cooking applications
- 7 The use of red fly agaric in cosmetology
- 8 The use of poisonous mushrooms in everyday life
- 9 Rules for collecting and harvesting red fly agaric
- 10 Why are red fly agarics dangerous for humans?
- 11 Historical facts about the use of red fly agaric
- 12 Conclusion
Amanita muscaria is a poisonous mushroom, however, it has many beneficial properties. It is not accepted to use it for food, but its use in medicine and in personal care is popular.
What does a red fly agaric look like?
The description of the red fly agaric characterizes it as a mushroom with a very recognizable appearance. The cap is large in size, up to 15-20 cm in diameter, hemispherical at a young age and prostrate, sometimes slightly concave in adulthood. The color of the cap is bright red, while both scarlet and orange shades can prevail. The hat is covered with a shiny smooth skin, most often it contains white flakes-growths, the remains of the bedspread.
The underside of the cap is covered with thin white or cream-colored plates, they themselves are quite wide. In between, there are smaller additional growths.
The leg is high, up to 15-20 cm in height and up to 2.5 cm in diameter. The leg is cylindrical and even in shape with a thickening closer to the base, in color it is white or cream. In young fruiting bodies, the legs are dense, with age they become hollow.
Interestingly, the red fly agaric uses glycogen as a reserve substance for its cells, rather than plant starch.
What is the reason for the red color of the cap of the fly agaric?
The poisonous mushroom is easy to spot in the forest thanks to its bright cap. The red color is due to the presence of muscarufin in its composition - this substance is not only an antibiotic, but also a natural pigment.
How to distinguish red fly agaric from other mushrooms of this species
The red fly agaric has poisonous properties, but it is less dangerous than the deadly poisonous fly agaric, and more toxic than certain edible species. It is important to be able to distinguish it from false doubles by several characteristic features.
Gray-pink fly agaric
This type of mushroom is suitable for human consumption, but its medicinal properties are slightly lower than that of the red fly agaric. You can distinguish mushrooms by the shade of the cap. In the gray-pink species, the hat is dark, closer to brown or dark gray with pinkish tints.
Panther fly agaric
The deadly twin of the red fly agaric can be distinguished by its olive brown or olive yellow cap with white spots. The leg of a poisonous mushroom is usually gray-yellow, the flesh is watery and faded.
When and where do red mushrooms grow?
The red mushroom is widespread in Russia and can be found in almost all regions of the country. You can meet him in the south and in the Central region, in Siberia and the Far East, in the northern regions. The fungus grows both in deciduous and mixed or coniferous forests, prefers acidic soils and is especially common in spruce and birch forests. You can see the red fly agaric near chanterelles, boletus and aspen mushrooms.
Fruit bodies grow both singly and in small groups. Fruiting occurs in the period from mid-June to October.
What causes the medicinal properties of red fly agaric?
A unique toxic mushroom, with all its toxicity, has medicinal properties. The substances in the red fly agaric are the following:
- chitin and choline;
- muscarine, muscimol and ibotenic acid are dangerous alkaloids;
- essential oils and pigments;
- betanin and xanthine;
- trimethylamine and puterescine.
Many substances in the composition of the mushroom pulp make it poisonous, in particular, ibotenic acid, muscarine and muscimol, concentrated mainly in the cap. However, at scanty dosages, these psychoactive substances can have a beneficial effect on the body.
In particular, the red fly agaric has sedative and anti-inflammatory properties, promotes cell renewal and has an antibiotic effect. The main condition for medical use is small dosages, if you follow the rules, then drugs based on a toxic red mushroom will not do harm.
The use of red fly agaric in folk medicine
Home medicine uses the beneficial properties of the red mushroom to create a wide variety of medicines. From the pulp of toxic mushrooms, alcoholic tinctures and decoctions, ointments and infusions are made; both fresh and dried mushrooms are taken for consumption.
Preparations based on red fly agaric are recommended for use:
- with skin ailments - dermatitis, psoriasis, fungus;
- with vasospasm and varicose veins;
- with joint ailments - arthritis, rheumatism and radiculitis;
- with inflammatory processes in the body;
- with a cold of a bacterial nature;
- with cosmetic defects - papillomas and boils;
- with atherosclerosis, hypertension and ischemia;
- with diabetes and circulatory disorders;
- with problems in the reproductive sphere.
Amanita muscaria is used for medicinal purposes in oncology in the early stages. Mushroom-based preparations have a beneficial effect on the hormonal system and help with menopause, painful periods or decreased libido.
Why are dried red mushroom caps useful?
Some remedies involve the use of fresh red fly agaric, but dried mushroom caps also have medicinal properties. In the process of drying, ibotenic acid in the composition of the red fly agaric turns into muscimol - a compound that is less hazardous to health.
After high-quality drying, the red fly agaric is used to prepare ointments, infusions and tinctures. Dried caps have a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antitumor effect.
How to properly dry a red fly agaric
During the drying process, it is recommended to adhere to certain rules:
- For drying, take only fresh, young, mushrooms not eaten by insects.
- The leg and plates on the underside of the cap of the red fly agaric are cut off; only the upper part of the cap needs to be dried.
- The hats are dried naturally at room temperature, they are strung on a thin thread and hung in a well-ventilated place.
The drying process is considered complete when the caps become brittle, that is, they break and crumble when lightly pressed. Dried red fly agaric should be put into paper or linen bags and stored in a dark place with low humidity levels.
Why is a decoction of red fly agaric useful?
A useful broth with pronounced medicinal properties is prepared on the basis of red hats. The active ingredients in the composition of the fungus are good for parasites, inflammation and digestive disorders. The broth is recommended for use with helminths and lamblia, with constipation and diarrhea, with increased gas production and stagnation of bile in the body.
Prepare the product as follows - fresh washed caps are placed in an enamel pan, poured with water and cooked over low heat for 15 minutes. After that, the broth is cooled and filtered through cheesecloth.
It is necessary to take the broth in very small dosages - no more than 5-10 drops. They drink the medicine three times a day on a full stomach, shortly after eating.
Red fly agaric ointment
The medicinal properties of the red fly agaric in folk medicine are of great benefit for joint diseases. The ointment is used for radiculitis and arthritis, for rheumatism and osteochondrosis, for the treatment of old injuries, the active ingredients of the mushroom pulp relieve pain, eliminate swelling and inflammation.
To prepare a medicinal ointment, you need to grind several fresh mushroom caps into gruel, and then mix in equal amounts with badger fat, petroleum jelly or ordinary sour cream. The ointment is evenly distributed over the affected area, covered with a gauze bandage and left for several hours or overnight.
Application of red mushroom tincture
Another popular remedy based on red fly agaric is a tincture for external or internal use. It is in combination with alcohol that the active substances of the fungus maximize their medicinal properties and have a beneficial effect even with serious ailments.
How to make red fly agaric tincture
For the preparation of tinctures, usually only caps are taken, since they are the ones that have a high medicinal value. The cooking algorithm is as follows:
- 4-5 mushroom caps are cleaned of forest debris and washed in cold water;
- the raw materials are finely chopped, tamped tightly into a glass jar and poured with 150 ml of medical alcohol;
- the jar is tightly closed and removed for 2 weeks in a dark and dry place.
When the tincture is ready, you will need to strain it and then use it for consumption.
What diseases does red mushroom tincture help against?
Treatment with red fly agaric and fly agaric tincture is carried out for many ailments. In particular, the use of the drug is beneficial for atherosclerosis and hypertension, varicose veins and colds, and diabetes. The most famous is the anti-cancer tincture - the medicinal properties of mushrooms at the initial stages of oncological disease can stop the development of malignant tumors.
Inside, the use of tinctures is carried out according to the following scheme:
- treatment begins with only 2 drops of tincture per day, daily 2 more drops of the drug are added to this volume;
- when the daily dosage is 40 drops, the volumes begin to decrease, in the same way, a couple of drops per day;
- after the course of taking the tincture, take a break for 1-2 months, after which the treatment, if necessary, is repeated.
The tincture can also be used externally. The remedy is used to rub the sore joints, and the tincture is also used for dermatitis, which are not accompanied by open wounds and ulcers on the skin.
Red fly agaric juice
To prepare the juice, you need to take a few fresh mushroom caps, grind them and tamp them in a glass jar. The vessel is closed with thick gauze or a lid with openings for air access, and then left to infuse for a month. During this time, concentrated fly agaric juice is collected at the bottom of the can, it is drained and filtered.
You can use the juice to treat skin ailments. The agent treats inflammations and irritations on the skin, the juice has a good effect on dermatitis and psoriasis.
Alternative medicine applications
In alternative medicine, the red fly agaric is used primarily for the treatment of nervous disorders. The active substances in the composition of the mushroom have psychoactive properties and may remain useful in small amounts.
Amanita muscaria is used to treat:
- depression and cerebral diseases;
- Parkinson's disease and dementia;
- chronic dizziness;
- increased nervous excitability.
Also, the red fly agaric is recommended for use with menopause and hormonal disruptions, with diseases of the bladder and intestinal spasms. The antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties of the mushroom bring a good effect when used externally, creams and ointments based on the mushroom help with frostbite, healing burns, ulcers and other skin lesions.
Cooking applications
All reference books classify the red fly agaric as a poisonous inedible mushroom. Despite this, sometimes the mushroom is used in cooking - dried, boiled, fried, and even raw. In particular, it is used for food in Japan; traditional dishes with the use of this mushroom exist among some peoples of Europe and North America.
The use of red fly agaric in cosmetology
The medicinal properties of red amanita are actively used by cosmetology. Extracts based on this mushroom have pronounced anti-inflammatory, rejuvenating and rejuvenating properties. The mushroom promotes the production of collagen, helps to smooth the skin and make it firmer, even out the complexion and get rid of age spots.
Creams and ointments containing red fly agaric are used to combat stretch marks on the skin and cellulite. Also, the funds help with the healing of cracks and calluses, since they very quickly restore the integrity of the skin.
The use of poisonous mushrooms in everyday life
A decoction of red fly agaric helps well against flies, cockroaches, mosquitoes and ants. It is used as follows - 5-6 young mushrooms are boiled in water, and then the places where insects accumulate are sprayed with this broth.
However, the product can only be processed in places located at a distance from household items and products. You also need to ensure that small children do not come into contact with the natural insecticide.
Rules for collecting and harvesting red fly agaric
Collecting red fly agarics for medicinal purposes is necessary only in ecologically clean places. The pulp of the mushroom already contains toxic substances - toxins, additionally drawn from the soil, will not make the fruit body more useful:
- When picking, preference is given to young and fresh red mushrooms, untouched by insects and worms.
- It is advisable to collect it with protective gloves to prevent fresh juice from getting on the skin, and you should also not sniff red mushrooms.
- After collecting, the red fly agaric must be prepared within 24 hours, while they retain all the medicinal properties.
For drying, the hats are hung on a string in a well-ventilated place, and this cannot be done in the kitchen or in the bedroom. For the preparation of decoctions and tinctures, both dried and fresh mushrooms are used - they need to be cut and processed on a disposable board and a disposable knife.
Why are red fly agarics dangerous for humans?
The main danger of red fly agarics is their strong hallucinogenic properties. In case of an overdose, these mushrooms lead to confusion, increased excitability and the appearance of visions.
In addition, the alkaloids in red fly agaric overdose can cause serious damage to the kidneys and liver. Poisoning with a fungus of this type rarely leads to death, but chronic ailments against the background of use can occur, the fungus is especially dangerous for people with severe diseases of the liver, intestines, stomach and kidneys.
Limitations and contraindications
In some conditions, it is forbidden to use red fly agaric, even for medicinal purposes. Contraindications include:
- pregnancy and lactation;
- children's age up to 18 years;
- the presence of mental illness and serious disorders of the nervous system;
- intestinal and gastric ailments in a state of exacerbation;
- chronic liver and kidney disease.
When using red fly agaric, it is strictly necessary to comply with the dosages indicated in the recipes. When applying the mushroom externally, it is necessary to ensure that funds based on it do not get on the mucous membranes and skin areas with open lesions.
What happens if you eat a red fly agaric
The consequences of eating raw or boiled fly agaric directly depend on the dosage when using red fly agaric and on the state of health. A physically strong and hardy person, after a small piece of toxic pulp, may not even feel a deterioration in health.
However, if you eat a lot of mushroom pulp, then a couple of hours after that, symptoms of intoxication will come. When they appear, you must immediately consult a doctor, although poisoning with a red fly agaric rarely leads to death, chronic disorders can appear after it.
Symptoms of red fly agaric poisoning and first aid
The first signs of poisoning with red fly agaric are well recognizable. These include:
- nausea and uncontrollable vomiting;
- stomach pain and diarrhea;
- headache and dizziness;
- tachycardia and sweating;
- visual impairment, as well as delusions and hallucinations.
First of all, when poisoning occurs, you need to call a doctor. While waiting for the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to take measures to reduce the severity of the poisoning, namely:
- drink about 5-6 glasses of clean water in a row, and then artificially induce vomiting and empty the stomach;
- take a strong laxative to remove toxins from the intestines;
- use activated charcoal, Smecta or Enterosgel, the drugs prevent the absorption of toxins into the intestinal walls.
It is categorically impossible to take drugs that stop vomiting and diarrhea in case of poisoning, from them the condition will only worsen, since toxins will remain in the body.
Historical facts about the use of red fly agaric
For medicinal and other purposes, the red fly agaric has been used for many centuries. There are many interesting facts associated with this mushroom:
- In many European cultures, the red fly agaric appears as a symbol of good luck, for example, Germanic legends place it on the same level as the horse shoe and the four-leaf clover.
- Even at the present time, the red fly agaric is used in their shamanic rituals by some underdeveloped tribes. Everywhere for immersion in the world of spirits and visions, the mushroom was used in the Middle Ages.
It is believed that the use of red fly agaric before battles was considered useful by the Vikings and ancient warriors of other nations, this helped them feel the special inspiration of battle and forget about fear.
Conclusion
Amanita muscaria is a poisonous mushroom with hallucinogenic properties, which has some medicinal qualities. According to special recipes, it is used in folk medicine and in cosmetology, since it can be beneficial in small dosages.
