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Butterlets are considered edible mushrooms that do not have false poisonous counterparts. That is, from the point of view of mycology, poisoning with both real and false oily mushrooms does not threaten the mushroom picker. However, exceptions are possible. In some situations, oil can be poisoned. At the same time, the reasons can be very diverse - mushrooms are a very specific product that is capable of presenting surprises at every stage of collection and preparation.
Is it possible to get poisoned with edible oils
Butterlets are one of the most popular mushrooms. These are edible gifts of the forest of the second or third category, which can be eaten in various forms. All boletus are not poisonous, that is, they can be poisoned only in case of excessive overeating.
Cases of poisoning with oil are recorded quite often. And this does not mean that the mushrooms suddenly became poisonous.
In fact, the reason may lie in several factors:
- Mushrooms can be collected in places where the ecological situation does not correspond to normal conditions. The gifts of the forest are somewhat similar to sponges and absorb literally everything that is in it from the soil. Having eaten such a mushroom, a person will introduce into his body all the harmful substances.
- Cooking canned mushrooms can be potentially dangerous due to non-compliance with the technology for creating a blank.
- Allergy to mushroom carbohydrates. Until recently, a relatively rare phenomenon, but recently it has been recorded more and more often.
- Error in identifying mushrooms during harvest.
The most unpleasant thing is that all these factors may not have any decisive significance by themselves, but their combination (already at least two) poses a threat not only to the health of the mushroom picker, but also to his life.
Is it possible to get poisoned with false oils
Officially, mycology classifies mushrooms as false oil mushrooms, which are almost completely similar to them. They not only have the same color and size, but also have the same structure of the fruiting body. Mushroom pickers have a slightly different classification of false doubles - there is enough similarity in appearance.
All twins of boletus, belonging to the Boletov family, have a porous hymenophore and are not poisonous.
However, there are many other mushrooms that look very similar to butter, but are poisonous. A distinctive feature of false mushrooms in this case is the hymenophore in the form of plates.
Signs of poisoning with false oils are generally difficult to distinguish from poisoning with conventional oils, but they appear a little earlier, and over time the symptoms will be much more noticeable. This situation is explained by the fact that in false oils, the concentration of substances harmful to humans is significantly higher.
Is it possible to get poisoned with canned oils
Since boletus is rich in protein, there are frequent cases of invasion of their fruit bodies by various bacteria, which can survive the pasteurization process and end up in a can, from where they and their toxins enter the human body.
In case of improper storage or processing of oils in the form of salting and pickling, various microorganisms, mainly bacteria, can appear in them. Many of the anaerobic bacteria secrete a specific venom that causes muscle paralysis. This disease is called botulism. The development of bacteria occurs without air access, inside canned mushroom products.
The symptoms of botulism are as follows:
- dizziness, with recurrent headache;
- bloating;
- dysfunction of vision;
- confused speech.
The most unpleasant thing about this disease is that the patient himself does not notice his strange behavior. Therefore, if several of these symptoms are combined in one of the relatives, they should be taken to a laboratory for tests to identify traces of the vital activity of anaerobic bacteria.
The first poisoning with oil: symptoms and signs
Signs of mushroom poisoning with oil:
- A severe headache appears, as well as soreness, akin to a cold viral infection. Joint aches are common.
- Initially, there is mild nausea, which only gets worse over time. Vomiting later develops.
- Bowel problems: colic, bloating, diarrhea.
- Increase in body temperature. This is a relatively rare phenomenon in case of poisoning, characteristic mainly of mushroom intoxication.
- Decrease in blood pressure, general weakness, loss of consciousness.
In addition to the listed signs and symptoms, mushroom poisoning with oil can be accompanied by an exacerbation of chronic diseases (especially those associated with diseases of the digestive, excretory and nervous systems).
First aid for poisoning with oil
As soon as symptoms of mushroom poisoning are noticed, you should immediately consult a doctor or call an ambulance. In addition, it is necessary to take a number of measures aimed at providing first aid, even before the arrival of specialists.
The most important procedure that needs to be done is to flush the victim's stomach or at least induce vomiting in him. To do this, you need to give him a drink from 1.3 to 1.6 liters of cool water, then press not the root of the tongue and induce vomiting.
If the victim has diarrhea, then he should be given a sufficiently large dose of sorbents - activated carbon, "white coal", etc. For an adult, the dose of activated carbon should be at least 10 tablets of 500 mg.
If there is no diarrhea, then on the contrary they give a laxative (Sorbitol, Polysorb, etc.) and do an enema.
All of the above procedures are necessary to relieve the intoxication of the body caused by poisoning.
When is it worth seeing a doctor
It seems to many that after the first signs of poisoning with oils appear, it is enough to provide the victim with the assistance described earlier, and on this end any medical measures. This approach is too reckless and irresponsible. Mushroom poisoning can have the most unpleasant consequences for the body, so you need to seek medical help not only in case of obvious signs of mushroom poisoning, but even if you suspect such.
You need to understand that the action of fungal toxins on the body is destructive and occurs very quickly. Therefore, a visit to a doctor should not only be timely, it should be urgent.
How to avoid oil poisoning
Preventive measures to prevent poisoning with oils, like any other mushrooms, are quite simple:
- The correct choice of mushrooms at the stage of collection. Before you put the cut mushroom in a basket or bucket, you should definitely make sure that it is indeed an edible mushroom. Their hymenophore is always porous.
- Butter oils have the property of "pulling" all heavy metal salts and various toxins out of the ground. Therefore, it is highly recommended to collect them in ecologically clean places. Not closer than 1 km to industrial enterprises, 100 m from railways and 50 m from highways.
- It is better to collect boletus that have medium-sized fruiting bodies, since they are still quite young and have not had time to absorb a large amount of harmful substances.Important! Frankly old mushrooms with cracked caps and legs cannot be picked.
- When collecting, you need to carefully examine the fruiting bodies so that they are free of contamination and traces of worms.
- Mushrooms should not be stored for more than 1 day.
- During the preparation of canned food, the mushrooms should be washed very thoroughly, soaked in salt water and boiled, observing all the rules (in particular, boil for at least 20 minutes). If butter turns blue during cooking, they must be eaten on the same day, they cannot be preserved.
- It is advisable to eat canned boletus before the New Year, because after this time the likelihood of the development of anaerobic bacteria that cause botulism increases significantly.
- It is forbidden to use oil for pregnant and lactating women, as well as for children under 8 years old. Sometimes this category is expanded even more: it is forbidden to eat mushrooms for persons who have had cholecystitis and pancreatitis.
- In any case, it should be understood that all mushrooms, even edible boletus, are very heavy food for the human body. They should be consumed in moderation and with caution.
In addition, at each stage of working with oil, it is necessary to monitor their condition and its uncharacteristic changes. For example, if after removing the skin from the caps the mushrooms turn black, of course, you cannot eat them. It is necessary to analyze not only external manifestations, but also the smell of mushrooms, their hardness, elasticity, etc.
Conclusion
Many do not understand how you can get poisoned with butter, because it is believed that these mushrooms and even their false counterparts are at least conditionally edible, and there are no poisonous among them at all. However, do not forget that the mushroom, which is part of the forest ecosystem, takes part in many metabolic processes, its fruit body can become a repository of some chemical compound that will be unsafe for humans. The cause of poisoning with grease can also be in no way related to either ecology or the mushroom picker's mistake when collecting. An elementary violation of the rules of conservation, related, for example, to unsanitary conditions, can lead to a serious disease - botulism.
