Content
All-edged barberry planted in the garden will decorate it for many years. The shrub retains its decorative effect for 30-40 years. Caring for him is simple. You can grow it in the suburbs.
Under natural conditions, it grows in the Crimea and on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. In the Leningrad region, it is also planted, but the above-ground part often freezes over.
Description of whole-edged barberry
The shrub grows up to 4-9 m. The crown is formed from strong, branching shoots. They are angular, brown or purple in color. In the lower part of the bush, the shoots are covered with 2-3 separate thorns, in other parts of the branches are simple, strong.
During flowering, the bushes of whole-edged barberry are strewn with axillary inflorescences. The length of the flower cluster is not less than 5 cm. It is formed from 12-20 yellow flowers with obovate petals.
The surface of the leaves is leathery, the shape is oblong or obovate. The length of the leaf plate is about 5 cm, the width is slightly less - 2 cm. For the leaves of young shoots, a jagged edge is characteristic. The summer coloration of the foliage of the whole-edged barberry is blue-green, dark.
By autumn, the fruits ripen on the bushes. Their shape is obovate or oblong. The skin is purplish red, there is a slight bloom.
The length of the berries does not exceed 8 mm. The flowering period of the whole barberry falls on April – June. Fruiting lasts from September to October. The first berries appear on 8-year-old bushes.
All-edge barberry in landscape design
The shrub is used to design artificial and natural reservoirs. The whole-edged barberry decorates the banks, protects against erosion and landslides. It is planted along highways, in the park zone of cities.
In country houses from the Berberis integerrima bushes, elegant, durable, hedges are grown. The height of the living fence reaches 2.5 m. It protects the site from dust and noise. Shrub tolerates pruning well. The crown can be given any shape. Barberry looks good in group plantings. They planted next to him:
- spirea;
- cinquefoil;
- viburnum;
- rosehip;
- euonymus.
In group plantings, Berberis integerrima goes well with conifers and other varieties of barberry:
- Thunberg;
- spring ordinary;
- Wilson.
Planting and leaving
Seedlings of barberry with an open root system are planted in the garden in early spring, until active sap flow begins, the buds have not opened. The culture in the container is planted at any time from spring to autumn.
There are no special requirements for the site. The shrub is not afraid of wind, drafts, partial shade. Bright lighting adds decorativeness to the whole-edged barberry. The color of the leaves from the sun is brighter. Soils are suitable alkaline and neutral. Acidic soils are limed a year before planting.
Seedling and planting plot preparation
A barberry seedling with an open root system is examined. The damaged roots are cut out, treated with a pink solution of potassium permanganate, the cuts are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon.
Barberry bought in a container does not need additional preparation. The soil must be moistened a day before transplanting.
Landing rules
A pit (40 x 40 cm) for planting whole-edged barberry is prepared 2-3 weeks before planting. For a hedge, a trench is dug (width - 40 cm, depth - 40 cm).They are filled in in the following order:
- the first is the drainage layer (sand, broken brick);
- followed by a soil mixture (garden soil, humus) with mineral fertilizers (superphosphate, potassium nitrate).
Shrub seedlings, spreading the roots, are placed in the center of the planting pit. They fall asleep with fertile soil, compact the soil, form a near-trunk circle, water abundantly. Each shoot is shortened, leaving 3 to 5 buds on them.
Watering and feeding
Young bushes of whole-edged barberry are watered at the root 1 time in 7 days. To reduce moisture evaporation, the trunk circle is covered with peat or old sawdust. The first time the shrub is fertilized after 2 years:
- May-June - root dressing with a solution of urea, 20 g of fertilizer is added to a bucket (10 l) of water;
- during fruiting, barberry is fed with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, 15 g of superphosphate and 10 g of any fertilizer containing potassium are taken for 10 liters of water.
The specified rate is calculated for 1 barberry bush.
Pruning
In any variety of barberry, shoots are formed from root suckers. In the absence of pruning, the shrub loses its shape, spreads, and loses its decorative qualities.
In the spring, the bushes are pruned from March to April, in the fall - from September to October:
- remove all damaged branches;
- extra shoots thickening the crown;
- part of young shoots.
Rejuvenating pruning of old bushes (10-12 years old) is planned for the fall. Novice gardeners form a bush in 3 stages, they adhere to the simplest scheme in their work.
Barberry tolerates pruning well. It takes several years to form a crown of a certain geometric shape.
A beautiful hedge is formed from rectangular or trapezoidal shrubs.
Preparing for winter
In late autumn, the soil is cleared of leaves, other debris, and loosened. The last watering is carried out. The soil is mulched with chernozem, peat, spruce branches (layer thickness no more than 12 cm). Make sure that the root collar is sprinkled.
Young seedlings planted in the fall are covered with covering material for the winter. Adult bushes in the Moscow region winter without shelter. In Siberia and the Urals, bushes of any age are covered with lutrasil.
Reproduction
Berberis integerrima is propagated vegetatively (by cuttings, dividing the bush, layering) and by seeds. It is difficult to divide the entire barberry bush, the plant may die, therefore this method is rarely used in practice.
Beginners prefer to propagate whole-edged barberry by layering. In the spring, the soil in the trunk circle is loosened. Next to the one-year, lignified shoot, a shallow trench is dug in the course of growth. The selected branch is laid in it, pinned with a wire brace, sprinkled with earth mixed with humus. By the fall, the roots will appear, a year later, in the spring, the seedlings are ready for transplantation to a permanent place in the garden.
Propagation by cuttings takes time and constant monitoring. Annual branches are cut with a length of 10-15 cm. They are rooted in a mixture of peat and sand.
The seed method is simple. For the reproduction of whole-edged barberry, ripe berries are needed. Bones are removed from them, washed in a manganese solution. It is better to plant seeds in the fall. In winter, they will undergo natural stratification. In the spring, seedlings will appear from them.
Diseases and pests
Barberry bushes whole-edged rarely suffer from diseases. They are caused by unfavorable weather conditions. The stems and leaves are affected by the microsphere fungus, it causes powdery mildew. On diseased leaves, a white coating appears, resembling flour.
Without treatment, the bush can die from rust. Orange spots on the leaves are her first symptoms. Another disease that weakens the shrub, reduces its winter hardiness, and is caused by various pathogens is spotting. Her symptoms:
- spots of arbitrary shape appear on the leaves;
- withered young shoots are noted.
In unfavorable years, aphids attack the barberry bushes. Special preparations are used to cure a sick bush from infection, to destroy pests. Over the summer, the bushes are sprayed with insecticides (fungicides) at least 3 times.
Conclusion
The whole-edged barberry will decorate the personal plot, make the garden more picturesque. A hedge made of Berberis integerrima will purify the air, protect the yard from dust, noise, and prying eyes.
The video provides even more information on how to plant a barberry in the fall:
