Content
Kuibyshevsky gooseberry is a mid-season variety known among gardeners for its yield and resistance to adverse environmental factors.
Description of gooseberry Kuibyshevsky
A medium-sized shrub, as it grows, it acquires a spherical shape. The branches of the Kuibyshevsky variety are straight, grow upward and slightly to the sides. Young shoots have edges and single thorns. They are absent in internodes. The shrub is prone to excessive thickening, which requires additional and timely thinning. The plant blooms in the first half of May.
According to the description of the variety and reviews, the Kuibyshevsky gooseberry can reach 1.7 m, the crown diameter is up to 1.5 m.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
Kuibyshev black-fruited gooseberry is highly resistant to unfavorable environmental conditions: the shrub can withstand frosts down to -32 ° C. This feature allows you to grow the culture in the northern regions of Russia.
The Kuibyshevsky variety tolerates drought well, but the lack of moisture negatively affects the yield of gooseberries.
Fruiting, productivity
Up to 7 kg of fruit can be harvested from one shrub. The productivity of the Kuibyshevsky variety is high and stable. The fruits begin to sing from late July or early August.
Gooseberry berries, depending on the care, ripen medium or large in size. The weight of each varies from 3.6 to 8.0 g. Kuibyshevsky gooseberry berries are oval in shape, without edges, with a thin, strong skin. Ripe fruits have a dark red, almost black color, are distinguished by decent taste: sweet, aromatic, by 4.6 points according to the tasting rating.
Freshly harvested gooseberry harvest is not suitable for long-term transportation: when stored in a refrigerator, the appearance and properties of berries are preserved for a week.
Taste qualities allow using the Kuibyshevsky variety in cooking for making jams, compotes and desserts, it is recommended to use fresh berries.
Advantages and disadvantages
Kuibyshevsky gooseberry has the following advantages:
- high concentration of vitamin C in berries;
- shade tolerance;
- aesthetically pleasing appearance of the shrub;
- frost resistance of the variety;
- pleasant taste and aroma of the fruit;
- stable yield, self-fertility;
- immunity to septoria.
Among the disadvantages of the Kuibyshev gooseberry are the thickening of the shrub and the presence of single thorns on the shoots.
Breeding features
For this gooseberry variety, the best propagation methods are cuttings or layering.
When using the first method, the procedure is carried out in the fall, while trimming excess shoots. Viable branches with 1-2 buds are isolated on the bush and carefully separated from the bushes. Shoots must be placed in fertile soil and regularly moistened to form the root system of the plant. Viable cuttings before the onset of winter frosts are transferred to open ground or left in the same place until April.
After the snow melts, the plant must be treated with heteroauxin and planted in a trench while maintaining an angle of 45 °. At the end of the procedure, it is recommended to cover the gooseberries with foil and regularly water and ventilate.The appearance of fresh leaves is a sign of successful propagation of the variety.
Reproduction of Kuibyshevsky gooseberries is also possible by layering: in late spring or early summer, young shoots are bent to the ground and attached with spears so that they do not return to their original state. Their separation from the bush and transplantation into open ground is carried out after the rooting of the cuttings (after a month).
Planting and leaving
Planting gooseberry shrubs in open ground is possible both in the spring and in the autumn months. After the snow has melted, the procedure must be carried out after the snow has melted, but the buds have not swollen. It is impossible to accurately predict the weather conditions, so gardeners prefer autumn planting. The optimal time for its implementation is September-October, or 4-6 weeks before frost.
The variety grown in a lighted, not swampy area bears fruit well. When purchasing a seedling, they are guided by its appearance: it should have strong branches 35-40 cm high with a well-formed root system. Before planting gooseberries, it is recommended to treat the variety with a special talker: mix 0.5 kg of clay and black soil, add 1 package of Kornevin and 1.5 liters of water. The roots of the seedling are immersed in the finished mixture for 3 hours.
On the site, young shrubs must be placed while maintaining a distance of at least 1 m. The depth of the planting pit depends on the size of the plant.
Algorithm for transferring a gooseberry seedling to open ground:
- Add 0.1 kg of wood ash, 10 kg of manure or fallen leaves, 50 g of superphosphate and 40 g of potassium sulphide to the hole. Mix everything well.
- Remove dried twigs and leaves from a seedling of the Kuibyshevsky variety, trim the tops of the shoots. Leave at least 5 buds on each shoot.
- Place the plant in the hole at an angle, cover with soil and compact around the seedling.
- Drizzle liberally over the gooseberries.
If there is a threat of premature frost, it is recommended to cover the Kuibyshevsky variety with a greenhouse or cloth.
Growing rules
To ensure good fruiting of the variety, care rules should not be neglected. Depending on the type of soil, it is regularly dug up or loosened. Dense soils require deeper loosening than loose soil.
Digging the soil around the shrub means "fluffing" it to a depth of no more than 7 cm. Outside the crown perimeter, cardinal processing is allowed.
It is important to promptly remove weeds around the gooseberry, which are the cause of high humidity in the lower part of the bush.
Timely fertilization increases the fertility of the Kuibyshevsky variety. For one shrub, the following top dressing is required annually:
- 10 kg of compost;
- 40 g of saltpeter;
- 20 g of potassium chloride;
- 80 g superphosphate.
In the first year after planting, the variety does not require fertilization, and from the next spring, feeding is carried out after flowering, and then after harvesting. The procedure allows the plant to bear fruit abundantly and tolerate winter frosts well.
A young seedling of the Kuibyshevsky variety needs to be formed, from the fourth year of life, spring pruning is carried out, aimed at eliminating thickening. Weak or dry shoots are completely removed. Cut on shrubs and branches older than 3-6 years.
To increase the yield, summer pruning is carried out: the green branches are shortened, leaving 5-7 leaf plates on each, the top is removed. The procedure allows you to get larger berries.
Watering the gooseberry is carried out as the soil dries, but waterlogging should be avoided: excess moisture provokes the development of diseases and a decrease in the plant's immunity.
Pests and diseases
Kuibyshevsky gooseberries are attacked by fireflies, sawflies and aphids. The latter is characterized by living on the basis of leaf plates and the ends of the shoots.Aphids pierce integuments and drink juice from leaf cells, which leads to disruption of photosynthesis in the plant. As the aphids spread, the shoots are deformed, the leaf plates on the bush become smaller.
The moth larvae produce a web that entwines all parts of the plant. The pest's diet includes gooseberries, from which he gnaws the core.
The sawfly caterpillar goes through several stages of development. As they grow older, they destroy the gooseberry leaf plates within 7-14 days, provoke deformation of the berries: they fall prematurely, and the shoots grow poorly, which reduces the winter hardiness of the variety. As a protection from adverse conditions, sawflies are buried in the soil, which allows them to hit more shrubs the next year.
To protect against insects, the use of Karbofos and ash infusion is practiced (for 3 liters of water, 1000 g of ash). The plant must be sprayed with a substance from a spray bottle at the end of flowering.
Kuibyshevsky gooseberries are practically not affected by septoria, but moderately resistant to powdery mildew, characterized by gray spots on the leaf blades. As a measure of treatment and prevention, it is recommended to use a soda solution (5 g of powder per 1000 ml of water) or ferrous sulfate (3 g per 1000 ml of water). The affected plant is sprayed immediately after spotting.
Conclusion
Kuibyshevsky gooseberries are one of the most common varieties, known among gardeners for their frost resistance and good immunity. The harvested crop is not transportable, but excellent for use in cooking and fresh consumption: 100 g of berries contain up to 30 mg of vitamin C.
