Content
- 1 Description of the melon variety Kolkhoznitsa
- 2 Pros and cons of the variety
- 3 What is the use of a melon Kolkhoz woman
- 4 How to choose a melon Kolkhoz woman
- 5 How many calories are in a melon Kolkhoz woman
- 6 Which melon is sweeter - Torpedo or Kolkhoz woman
- 7 How to grow a melon Kolkhoz woman
- 8 How much does a melon weigh Kolkhoz woman
- 9 Harvesting
- 10 Diseases and pests
- 11 Melon reviews Kolkhoznitsa
- 12 Conclusion
Melon Kolkhoz woman differs from her relatives by a unique taste and the presence of vitamins useful for a diet. This is a juicy and sweet fruit dessert that any novice gardener or gardener can grow in his garden. The first varieties of this melon culture were cultivated in Central and Asia Minor. On the territory of Russia, the Kolkhoz woman melon is grown in warm regions, referring to the unpretentiousness of the culture to climatic conditions.
Description of the melon variety Kolkhoznitsa
The false berry was obtained by screening out varieties of a weed-field species on the territory of Rostov in 1939. The Kolkhoznitsa variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Admitted to Growing in Russia in 1943. The melon originator is the Biryuchekutsk selection laboratory. At the moment, the Kolkhoznitsa melon variety is grown in all regions, except for the northern strip of Russia.
According to the description, Melon Kolkhoznitsa belongs to mid-season varieties with a short growing season, and therefore fell in love with summer residents and gardeners. After the first true leaves appear, 70-90 days pass before harvesting. The plant has a strong root system with up to 2 m under the ground, although most of the roots spread over the top layer of the soil. The variety is an annual herbaceous crop, the stem of which has a rounded-faceted shape, spreads along the ground up to 3-4 m.
The foliage is alternate, large, palmate-lobed, developing on elongated petioles. Mustaches grow in internodes. The collective farmer blooms with bisexual pale yellow flowers. The ovary of the fruit occurs under the perianth of 3-4 accrete fruit leaves. The fruit is spherical, up to 25 cm in diameter.
The skin of the fruit is bright yellow, sometimes with a greenish tinge. The ripe fruit is covered with a net or remains smooth and firm. The skin is of medium thickness, the melon does not wrinkle. The flesh of the melon is juicy and fibrous, of a snow-white shade. The Kolkhoz Woman tastes sweet, with a barely noticeable sourness and tart aroma. A large number of seeds are present. Melon Kolkhoz Woman is not initially considered a hybrid.
Pros and cons of the variety
For 80 years of growing melons, gardeners have noted the following advantages of the Kolkhoz woman melon:
- high fertility;
- excellent taste characteristics;
- drought resistance;
- unpretentiousness to climatic conditions, soil composition;
- the ability to transport crops over long distances;
- short growing season;
- the ability to collect seeds for re-planting;
- portioned fruits.
Among the disadvantages of the Kolkhoz woman melon, susceptibility to fungal diseases is noticeable. To grow melons in a greenhouse, artificial pollination is required. Some consumers are not satisfied with the small size of the fruit. Also, ripe or overripe kolkhoznitsa melons have a short shelf life.
What is the use of a melon Kolkhoz woman
Melon Kolkhoznitsa stands out among its congeners for its multiple uses of fruits.Due to its low calorie content, it is recommended to be consumed raw and in small quantities during the diet. The composition contains acids and minerals useful for the human body. Melon is also recommended to be consumed raw - vitamins retain their usefulness.
The high percentage of folic acid contributes to the harmonious development of the fetus during pregnancy. The presence of vitamin C prevents colds, relieves malaise. The pulp of the Kolkhoz Woman melon contains carotene, which improves the condition of the skin - the cover does not undergo dermatitis, the tone is evened out, and there is no chapping. Nails and hair become strong if you consume the daily allowance of melons.
A large amount of the Kolkhoznitsa variety acts on the body as a laxative, which is useful for a melon diet designed for 3-4 days. Eating pumpkin outside the diet is recommended by nutritionists 2 hours before the main meal. Melon seeds Kolkhoz Woman increase male activity and are an aphrodisiac, useful in the treatment of impotence, planning conception.
The aromatic variety Kolkhoznitsa contains a large amount of iron, which relieves stress, improves the functioning of the heart, liver and kidneys. Drinking juice prevents the appearance of acne, increases the number of red blood cells with anemia, and prevents kidney disease. Also, the pulp contains serotonin, which normalizes sleep, restores nerve endings. The collective farmer provides certain benefits and harms to diabetics. The collective farmer replaces sugar, but is not recommended for consumption in large quantities.
How to choose a melon Kolkhoz woman
Before buying, you must take into account the nuances on which the taste and juiciness of the melon depends. The fruits of the Kolkhoznitsa variety very quickly absorb extraneous odors, and it is inconvenient to wash the rough surface from dust, so you should not buy pumpkins by the road and along the highway. A melon that has lost its presentation after mechanical damage is not suitable for consumption.
A ripe berry should give off a pleasant aroma of vanilla, honey and pear. Otherwise, the fruit was either not ripe, or it was grown on artificial nitrogen fertilizers. Also, the Kolkhoz Woman melon should be dense to the touch; when tapped, reflect a dull cotton without rattling. If you run your fingers over the peel, then furrows will appear on the ripe Kolkhoz Woman melon. Dents after pressing indicate overripe fruits and the presence of bitterness when used.
When choosing, you should pay attention to the stalk, which must be dry. The place of the flower should be firm, but not soft. The ready-to-eat fruits appear in late August or early September. In an unripe fruit, the pulp is tough, at the base of the peel is greenish, it can be poisoned.
How many calories are in a melon Kolkhoz woman
Almost 90% of the collective farmer consists of water, the rest is given to vitamins and minerals. The calorie content of the Kolkhoz woman melon is quite low, which allows it to be consumed not only by those who are on a diet, but also by those with diabetes. On average, the calorie content of the fetus per 100 g is 30-32 kcal. By eating melon in different forms, a person receives an unequal amount of calories. Dried melon contains 340 kcal, seed extract has 899 kcal. In canned fruits, the calorie content almost does not change - 33 kcal. The juice is low in calories - 46 kcal, so it is more often recommended for fresh consumption. Fruit seeds are taken in dried form in small portions up to 100 g, so as not to get diarrhea. Frozen pulp contains 34 kcal.
Which melon is sweeter - Torpedo or Kolkhoz woman
There is a debate about the best melon variety every season. The torpedo is several times larger than a melon Kolkhoz woman. In shape, the fruits of the first are elongated and much heavier than the round and compact Kolkhoznitsa variety. They also taste very different.Based on consumer reviews, the Torpedo is more watery, with a noticeable sour aftertaste, while the Kolkhoz Woman is sweet and moderately juicy.
The pulp of the fruit is of the same snow-white color, but summer residents acquire unripe torpedo melon more often. This is explained by the presence of a thick and tough peel, so the ripeness of this variety is determined by the sound on impact and the presence of smell. The calorie content of the Torpedo variety is slightly higher - 36 kcal. The ripening period for the Torpedo species is slightly longer - 95-110 days. However, it lasts longer, but has fewer beneficial vitamins for health.
How to grow a melon Kolkhoz woman
The collective farmer is a thermophilic plant that is grown both in an open area and in greenhouses. Adaptation to the climate allows you to cultivate false berries at any positive temperature. In some cases, the Kolkhoz woman melon is able to withstand frosts from -5 ° C. When creating comfortable conditions, you can expect a large and juicy harvest.
Seedling preparation
Usually summer residents buy ready-made seedlings for planting, although some gardeners immediately grow a collective farmer's melon in the open field. Purchased planting material should be large, without damage, when pressed, the seed should not be squeezed. Before soaking, the material is flooded with water to identify the pacifiers that float to the surface. Then it is soaked in a solution with growth accelerators for 2 days until the first shoots appear.
The hatched seeds are hardened - wrapped in gauze, put into the refrigerator for 15-20 hours. In peat glasses with a ready-made substrate, seeds are planted to a depth of 5-6 cm, watered with water at room temperature. Glasses, trays with seedlings are placed in a warm place, in daylight they are rearranged in a sunny place. Seedlings are ready for transplanting when the plants have 3-4 leaves.
Selection and preparation of the landing site
The Kolkhoznitsa variety needs an extensive and sunny area. The harvest will be fertile if the melon is planted on light or loamy soil. The groundwater level is allowed from 2 to 3 m. The selected area should not previously be used for planting cucumbers or other melons and gourds. The preparation of the seat is done in the fall, or a purchased ready-made substrate is purchased. Before planting, it must be warmed up or treated with a diluted manganese solution.
For planting in a greenhouse, the soil is harvested after the first frost in late autumn. At low temperatures, most of the parasites freeze out. The site is cleared of weeds, do a deep digging of the soil together with humus or manure. Melon Kolkhoz woman grows poorly on acidic soils, so wood ash or dry slaked lime is added to the soil. For the greenhouse, you can purchase cassettes or peat glasses with ready-made soil. It is also necessary to provide constant artificial lighting.
Landing rules
Seeds are planted in heated soil in late April or early May. The deadline for planting is mid-May, so that the crop has time to ripen. Regardless of the region of planting, the air temperature should not drop to + 15 ° C. Otherwise, the growth and development of seedlings will be suspended, the plants may die.
Before planting, the site is dug up, beds are made, or holes for seedlings are dug. The depth of the row should not exceed 50 cm. The beds are formed from soil, which is mixed with organic fertilizers. The collective farmer does not tolerate transplanting well, so the finished seedlings are planted together with a preparatory substrate or peat glasses, which will help the melon root system develop. The distance between the plants is from 30 to 50 cm. The seedlings are watered with a small amount of water, the roots are sprinkled with fine wood shavings.
Watering and feeding
In the first few weeks, the plants need to provide a microclimate, so the seedlings are covered with a plastic dome. At this stage, watering is carried out at dawn 3-4 times a week. One small plant should take 1-1.5 liters, an adult melon needs up to 5-7 liters with each watering. In the last month of fruit ripening, the frequency of watering is reduced to 1-2 times a week.
As fertilizers for the Kolkhoz woman melon, you can use humus, compost, manure or superphosphates. The latter are brought in during the autumn preparation of the land for planting. Top dressing is done for 2 months of melon cultivation Kolkhoz woman. Occasionally, it is necessary to add small amounts of manure when watering. Plants will not be disturbed by diluted saltpeter or potash fertilizers, which are applied to the soil when the pumpkins ripen.
Formation
A collective farmer's melon is formed in the presence of a stem, which begins to creep along the ground. For the trellis formation, a wire or wooden frame is needed, to which a young plant is tied. As the lashes grow, they are tied up in 3-4 places with fabric strips. For a garter, it is not recommended to take silk thread or wire, which can crush the stem. Formation under the trellis is good because the Kolkhoznitsa bushes receive a sufficient amount of heat.
On the bushes, the main stem is pinched over 4-5 leaves in order to achieve an increase in the ovaries. If the stems are not attached to the trellis, then they are pinned in the ground. To do this, dig a hole under the sheet and sprinkle the petiole with the substrate. The additionally formed roots will draw useful substances from the soil. Weeding and loosening is carried out when a large number of weeds and stagnant soil appear. With regular loosening, the roots will receive a sufficient amount of oxygen.
How much does a melon weigh Kolkhoz woman
On average, a Kolkhoz woman melon weighs from 1 to 2 kg. Overripe fruits lose 100-200 g in weight. The weight of a melon from a bush depends on the number of pumpkins left after thinning. Up to 7 kg can be harvested from one bush in the south of Russia, in regions with constant temperature changes only 4 kg.
Harvesting
Young fruits are suspended from a trellis so that they do not fall off the mother plant. If the bushes curl along the ground, then boards or slate are placed under the melons, which will protect them from decay. Harvesting begins in late August or early September, when the melon takes on a bright yellow hue and the ovary begins to dry out. The fruits of the green melon The collective farmer is removed to a warm and dark place so that the ripening process takes 3-4 days.
After harvesting, the melons are spread on a fabric tarp in one layer for 10-12 days in the sun. In the process of acquiring a presentation, the fruits are turned over every 4-5 days. Further, the melons are woven from the stalks into braids or stored in a net in a suspended state. The optimum storage temperature is from 0 ° C to + 3 ° C, air humidity for the Kolkhoznitsa variety is allowed in the range of 60-70%. Also, the harvest is stored in wooden boxes with fabric bedding in the basement until winter or late November.
Diseases and pests
Of the pests, the most dangerous are melon aphids and spider mites. For both pests, the variety is sprayed 3 times per season with chemicals or diluted sulfur solution. As a melon plant, false berries are often subject to fungal diseases:
- powdery mildew;
- blackleg;
- fusarium;
- copperhead and root rot.
With powdery mildew, the foliage turns yellow, then becomes covered with a gray bloom and dries up. The disease also affects melons, which dry directly on the bushes and fall off. Blackleg is dangerous for seedlings and spreads to neighboring plants. The adult stem begins to turn black at the base of the roots, and the infection spreads in spots throughout the stem. Other bushes are infected through the root system.
Fusarium deforms the fruits, they lose their presentation, the foliage withers, the stem dries out from the inside. Root rot affects the roots of an adult plant. Copperhead is immediately noticeable - rust spots appear on the leaves and fruits, the fruits quickly rot. The fungal disease spreads to neighboring plants.
In order to prevent powdery mildew at the initial stage, a collective farmer's melon is sprayed with pesticides and combustible sulfur. To prevent the appearance of a black leg, the seeds are disinfected in a diluted solution of manganese, then the seedlings are sprinkled with sifted sand. Root rot is not removed by anything, so the affected plants and neighboring bushes are removed. Fusarium appears with an excess of moisture and potassium supplements. In this case, it is necessary to monitor watering and the amount of potash fertilizer. At the first sign of copper melon, a collective farmer is sprayed with fungicides.
Melon reviews Kolkhoznitsa
Conclusion
Melon Kolkhoz Woman is a juicy and aromatic melon culture. The bushes will delight summer residents and gardeners with a bountiful harvest, if the formation is carried out in time and the development of young plants is monitored. Subject to agrotechnical measures, the Kolkhoznitsa variety will give juicy, tasty and nutritious fruits in any region of Russia.
