Content
In Belarus, on the basis of the National Academy of Sciences, a new variety of Yanka potatoes was created. The priority in hybridization was the breeding of a high-yielding crop with good frost resistance. Zoned potatoes in Central Russia, in 2012, after experimental cultivation, entered into the State Register. A relatively recent hybrid has yet to gain widespread acceptance. A description of the Yana potato variety, photos and reviews of vegetable growers will help you better know the varietal characteristics of the crop and make a choice in favor of the novelty.
Description of the Yanka potato variety
The medium-late variety Yanka gives young shoots 2 weeks after planting the seeds, after 3.5 months the potatoes are ready for harvest. After 1.5 months, the culture reaches conditional ripeness. Young potatoes in taste and mass are not inferior to fully ripened ones. Differs in a thin skin due to the low level of starch, watery consistency of tubers. In the process of culinary processing, it completely retains its shape.
Variety Yanka - potatoes with a high index of frost resistance. In case of damage to sprouts in spring by night frosts, the culture completely forms replacement shoots. The loss of the first shoot does not affect the timing of fruiting and yield.
Yanka potatoes are a drought-resistant plant that responds well to excess ultraviolet radiation. Vegetation in open areas is much faster than in the shade. In the shaded area, the tops become thin, loses color brightness, flowering is rare, the yield is much lower, the fruits are small. The variety does not tolerate waterlogging of the soil; in the event of a rainy summer, rotting of the root and the lower part of the stems is possible.
External description of Yanka potatoes:
- The bush is sprawling, tall, consists of 5-7 stems, growing up to 70 cm and more. The shoots are thick, dark green, the structure is elastic, with an excess of moisture, the stems become fragile, easily break.
- The plant is densely leafy, with a medium-sized leaf blade, dark green, even along the edge. The surface is corrugated, pubescent, with pronounced streaks of dark yellow color. Leaves are lanceolate, opposite.
- The root system is developed, overgrown, forms up to 12 tubers.
- Flowers are large, pale lilac with an orange core, collected in 8 pieces. in the inflorescence. After flowering, they quickly fall off.
From the photo of the Yanka potato variety, you can compare the external characteristics of the tubers with their description:
- oval-round shape, average weight - 90 g;
- the location is compact;
- the surface is smooth, the eyes are small, deepened;
- the peel is thin, dense, yellow in color with small brown dots - this is a varietal feature;
- the pulp is dense, juicy, creamy, friability within normal limits.
Yanka potatoes form tubers of the same shape and mass, small fruits - within 5%. The even size of medium-sized root crops is convenient for mechanized harvesting. The plant of the variety is suitable for growing on a private backyard and on the territories of agricultural complexes.
Taste qualities of Yanka potatoes
Yanka is a table variety of potatoes, the concentration of dry matter is within 22%, of which 65% is starch. In the process of culinary processing, potatoes do not oxidize after peeling. Fried and boiled tubers do not lose their shape, the color of the pulp does not change.
The tasting committee, when entering the culture into the State Register, gave a taste assessment of 4.8 points out of 5 possible. Yanka potatoes of universal use, suitable for first courses, as a side dish, included in vegetable salads. Root vegetables are baked, boiled and fried.
Pros and cons of the variety
According to the description given by the copyright holder, the Yana potato variety has the following advantages:
- stable fruiting;
- high productivity;
- good taste of ripe fruits;
- undemanding to the composition of the soil;
- agricultural technology usual for culture;
- adapted for a temperate climate;
- does not require watering;
- does not darken during cooking, does not boil;
- stored for a long time, losses - within 4%;
- not damaged during transportation;
- suitable for industrial cultivation;
- fruits are leveled, universal in application.
The disadvantages of the Yanka variety include intolerance to waterlogging of the soil. Potatoes do not resist rhizoctonia poorly.
Planting and caring for Yanka potatoes
The culture belongs to the middle late, cultivation with germinated seeds is recommended. In the middle lane, potatoes are planted in early May. By this time, the seeds should sprout. The optimal sprout size is no more than 3 cm, long ones break off when planting. The tuber needs time to form new ones, the ripening time increases.
Seeds are harvested in the fall or taken in the spring from the total mass. Placed in boxes or laid out in a thin layer on a flat surface. Germination time - from March 15 to May 1, take seeds from the basement, place in a lighted place at a temperature of +80 C, the room is ventilated every day.
Selection and preparation of the landing site
Potatoes are grown only in a well-lit area, in the shade of the Yanka it will give a small crop, it will be halved. The variety is drought-resistant, does not tolerate even a slight waterlogging of the soil. Lowlands and areas with close groundwater are not considered to determine the beds.
The composition of the soil for the Yankee should be light, fertile, neutral. The garden bed for the variety is prepared in the fall:
- Digging up the site.
- Harvested dry tops, roots and stems weeds.
- Neutralize the composition (if the soils are acidic) with dolomite flour.
- Spread compost on top.
In the spring, a week before planting, the site is dug up again, saltpeter is added.
Preparation of planting material
Sprouted potatoes are hardened for 10 days before being placed on the site, the temperature is gradually reduced. They open the windows in the room where the potatoes stand, or take them outside for 3 hours. Before planting, a preventive treatment for the fungus is carried out. Potatoes are placed in a solution of manganese and boric acid or poured over with preparations containing copper. Large fruits are cut into several parts, taking into account that each fragment has 2 sprouts. The procedure is carried out 14 days before planting in the garden.
Landing rules
A hybrid of the Yanka variety is planted in single holes or furrows. The layout of the potatoes does not change from the planting method:
- The row spacing is 50 cm, the interval between the pits is 35 cm, the depth is 20 cm.
- Seeds are laid out at a distance of 7 cm, 2 pcs. in one hole.
- Top covered with a mixture of peat and ash with a layer of 5 cm.
- Cover with soil, no need to water.
Seed material is laid out carefully so as not to damage the sprouts.
Watering and feeding
The Yanka variety does not require additional watering, the potatoes have enough seasonal rainfall. The first feeding is carried out one month after planting. Urea and phosphate are added. The next fertilizer is given during flowering, potassium sulfate is used.You can add bird droppings diluted in water. At the time of tuber formation, the bushes are treated with superphosphate.
Loosening and weeding
The first loosening is indicated when the rows are well defined, so as not to rinse the young shoots. Weeding is carried out as the weeds grow; weeds should not be allowed to develop at the expense of potatoes. The cut grass is removed from the garden, the roots are removed. Loosening will allow oxygen to flow to the root. Weeding will remove the weeds that are where fungal spores accumulate.
Hilling
The first procedure is carried out when the plant reaches a height of 20-25 cm. The potatoes planted in the furrows are covered with a solid ridge from both sides to the crown. Single holes are spud with all sides, a small hill is obtained. After 21 days, the event is repeated, the embankment is trimmed, weeds are removed. When the potatoes have completely bloomed, the weeds are no longer afraid of him.
Diseases and pests
The selection variety is genetically resistant to most of the diseases affecting the crop. Infection develops if the growing conditions do not meet the requirements of the potato. The Yanka variety infects late blight in case of high humidity and low air temperatures. The fungus affects the entire plant from tubers to tops. It appears in the second half of July with dark spots on leaves and stems. For prophylactic purposes, planting material is processed, if the measure was ineffective, branded drugs are used.
Rhizoctonia is a fungal infection that affects a plant at any stage of growth. It appears as dark spots on the surface of the tuber, leaves. If left unchecked, the disease can destroy most of the crop. To prevent infection, crop rotation is observed, diseased plants are removed from the site, potatoes are not planted in one place for more than 3 years. The spread of fungal spores is stopped by means of "Baktofil", "Maxim", "Agat-25K".
Colorado potato beetle larvae parasitize Yanka potatoes. If there are few of them, then they are harvested by hand, a large number of pests are destroyed with the drug of contact action "Decis" or "Actellik".
Potato yield
The characteristics of the Yanka potato variety and the reviews of vegetable growers speak of the high productivity of the crop. The plant has recently been on the seed market, but has managed to establish itself as a high-yielding species. Variety Yanka - potatoes are unpretentious in care and undemanding to the composition of the soil. On average, 2 kg of potatoes are harvested from one bush, per 1 m2 have 6 plants, yield from 1 m2 is about 12 kg.
Harvesting and storage
The fruit of the Yanka variety reaches biological ripeness by the end of August, at which time harvesting begins. If weather conditions prevent work, Janka potatoes can stay in the ground for a long time without losing their shape and taste. Dug out potatoes should not be left in the sun for a long time. Ultraviolet light promotes the breakdown of enzymes, solanine is produced, the substance stains the tubers green. Potatoes lose their taste, become toxic, and cannot be eaten.
The harvested crop is poured into a thin layer for drying indoors or on a shaded area. If the tubers are prepared for sale, they are pre-washed and dried well. Vegetables are not washed for storage. The crop is sorted, small fruits are taken, some are left for planting.
The planting material fully retains the varietal characteristics for 3 years, after the expiration of the term, it is advisable to replace the Yanka potatoes with a new one. The harvest is stored in the basement or in special piles. Optimal temperature regime - + 2-40 C, humidity - 80-85%. The room must be ventilated and not let in light.
Conclusion
The description of the Yana potato variety, photos and reviews of the culture fully correspond to the characteristics provided by the originators. Yanka potatoes give a stable yield, tolerate a drop in temperature well.Unpretentious in care, grows on any soil composition. It has good immunity. Fruits with a high tasting rating, versatile in use. Fruits of the Janka variety are stored for a long time, the culture is suitable for growing on small plots and farms.
