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Today, breeders have obtained an abundance of sweet pepper varieties. To get a bountiful harvest of this vegetable in your garden, it is important not to be mistaken with the choice of the variety. The gardener will need to take into account the characteristics of the culture and follow the recommendations for growing fruits.
Common varieties of peppers
In specialized stores, you can find seeds of a wide variety of varieties. They bear fruit in the form of a cube, cone or ball. The colors of the peppers also differ: they are red, orange, green and yellow. White and purple vegetables are less common.
Varieties also differ in terms of ripening. They can be divided into three groups:
- Early ripe... They ripen quickly and bring a bountiful harvest within 80 days from the moment of sowing seeds. They are planted in the northern regions of the country, where summers are often short and cool.
- Mid-season... Such varieties are suitable for the middle lane, where they can be successfully grown in a greenhouse. From sowing the seeds to the first fruits, it takes about 120 days. In the south, they are planted directly in open ground.
- Late ripening... It takes about 140 days for the peppers to ripen. These varieties are suitable for cultivation in greenhouse conditions or in the southern regions.
When choosing, pay attention to the shape. Here it is worth considering how the fruits will be used. For salads, the shape of the pepper is largely irrelevant. And here for stuffing varieties with the correct shape are often taken.
Purpose of round peppers and common varieties
For canning in jars, small round peppers are ideal, the variety is called and where it needs to be grown - you can read further. Among the spherical vegetables, there are not so few large varieties.
Gingerbread man
This is one of the most popular varieties among gardeners. By weight, one pepper turns out to be more than 150 g. It is distinguished by thick walls and pericarp. He is so loved by gardeners because of its resistance to rot, mold and wilting.
"Koloboks" ripen quickly and bear fruit abundantly. The peppers are round in shape, the skin is smooth. The pulp is juicy, vegetables have a pleasant aroma. They are consumed fresh, and also used for preparations for the winter.
Helios
One of the earliest varieties, it is distinguished by its round-shaped fruits. It takes 110-120 days from seed germination to technical ripeness. Biological ripeness is reached after 140-150 days. The plant is of small height - about 35 cm. The fruit weighs from 100 to 150 g, the walls are 6-8 mm, the skin is smooth. As it ripens, it acquires a yellow color.
It is recommended to sow seeds for seedlings first. High-yielding variety that resists wilting. Peppers retain their presentation and are suitable both for direct consumption and for canning.
Scythian
Also applies to early peppers. Before the onset of technical ripeness, 108-120 days pass, the biological one comes later - after 140-155 days. The plant is compact and low - about 35 cm. Fruits are round, weight varies from 150 to 220 g. At first they have a light green color, then turn bright red. They have smooth skin and delicate flesh. The walls reach 8-9 mm in thickness.
The Golden Fleece
This variety produces rounded, slightly flattened peppers.It belongs to the mid-season, 115-125 days pass before reaching technical ripeness. Biological ripeness occurs within 150 days. The height of the bush is about 50 cm, the foliage is dense. The weight of one vegetable reaches 180-220 g, fruits with thick walls 8.5-10 mm.
Upon reaching biological ripeness, the Golden Fleece pepper has a yellow-orange color. First, it is advised to sow seeds for seedlings. Possesses excellent taste. Resists verticillary wilting.
Sultan
This mid-season sweet pepper forms a tall shrub 45-60 cm thick with dense foliage. Fruits are round, with light ribbing, large size, weight in the range of 100-150 g. Upon reaching biological ripeness, which occurs in 158-165 days, acquire a dark red color. Walls 8-10 mm.
The fruit tastes great. Seeds are planted through seedlings, sowing in cassettes is common. The variety resists wilting. Peppers can be used fresh in the kitchen or canned for the winter.
Maria F1
A mid-season hybrid (as the name suggests) producing bountiful yields. The bush is high enough, the stem grows up to 85 cm. Peppers are rounded, slightly flattened with a ribbed surface. Upon reaching biological ripeness, they acquire a rich red color. The weight of one fruit is 100 g, the walls are 6-7 mm.
Novogogoshary
The variety forms a standard bush up to 60 cm high. Fruits grow with thick walls (from 8 to 11 mm), the pulp is juicy. The skin is red. If you follow the recommendations for growing this variety, you can get peppers weighing up to 140 g. Fruiting in these plants lasts for one and a half months.
Interesting varieties of Dutch selection
The varieties and hybrids obtained by Dutch breeders have excellent characteristics. Some of them will be named below.
Topepo
In its appearance in the photo, this pepper strongly resembles a tomato. It has a bright red color, round shape and very thick walls - up to one and a half centimeters. The pulp is juicy and very tasty. The mass of one fruit reaches 100-150 g. At the stage of technical ripeness of green color, it is possible to harvest at this stage of growth as well.
The fruits are used for stuffing, cut into rings in salads or main dishes. Thick-walled peppers keep their shape very well, so they can be stored for a long time. Suitable for canning as well. Differs in high productivity.
Tepin
A variety of hot peppers of a round shape and miniature size. It has a pronounced pungency, which quickly fades away.
Alma paprika
After planting in the soil, the fruits ripen within 70 days. The origin of the variety comes from Hungary. One of the sweet peppers, has a slight pungency (the name of the variety includes the word "paprika"). Suitable for drying and subsequent grinding to prepare spices. Can be eaten directly.
The diameter of an average round fruit is 5 cm, the bush grows to 45 cm.In the middle of summer, it blooms. Peppers are thick-walled, as they ripen, they turn from cream to orange or red.
Acquaintance with the Gogoshary variety
Gogoshary is one of the sweet pepper varieties that bears rounded fruits. When it reaches technical ripeness, it is green, and later becomes yellow or red.
This variety belongs to the early maturing, seedlings distill other varieties of sweet pepper. The fruits grow large, juicy, with thick walls. It is very convenient to use them for stuffing.
The cultivation of these vegetables consists of the following steps.
- Seed preparation. For disinfection, they are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.
- Soil preparation. The soil can be poured into a box and treated with steam, holding over boiling water.
- Sowing seeds for seedlings. In terms of timing, it is better to do this closer to the end of February.
- Transplanting seedlings into the ground towards the end of May.It should be noted that these plants should not be buried.
- Further care includes regular watering, fertilizing, and loosening the soil.
- When mid-August has passed, the fruits will reach biological ripeness. From green they will turn yellow or red. Gogoshara peppers often have redness.
Gogoshary is a high-yielding variety. In case of worsening weather conditions, unripe fruits can be removed and placed in a dry cloth bag. If left in a dark place for a couple of weeks, they will begin to take on the final shade shown in the photo.
Seed selection: what biological characteristics to pay attention to
The peculiarities of the development of plants directly affect how much time and effort it will take to care for them. Depending on this, the cost of the peppers will change. There are two main aspects.
- Maximum plant height... How much effort it will take to grow a plant directly depends on this indicator. In different varieties, the stem can grow from 30 to 170 cm. When choosing tall plants, it is worth considering that they require binding, and these are additional adaptations and efforts. The stem itself is grassy, gradually it begins to grow stiff at the base. Separate flowers are formed in the branching zones.
- Storage period... When buying seeds, you should find out how long the crop can last without losing its original characteristics.
Varietal characteristics affect other aspects as well. It is important to clarify whether a particular bell pepper is resistant to disease and pest attacks. Each variety has its own yield.
Differences in the cultivation of sweet peppers
Pepper is a thermophilic culture. Therefore, if in the southern regions the bushes can be safely planted in open ground, then in the northern regions it will be possible to get a bountiful harvest only in a greenhouse.
Unlike other crops, pepper has a longer growing season. This property explains that peppers are grown through seedlings. Seeds are sown in early February. For this, boxes with fertile soil are used.
Many gardeners choose to buy early maturing seed varieties. When grown under cover, the fruits reach technical ripeness within 100 days from the moment of germination.
Peppers are quite demanding on temperature:
- for seed germination, the best temperature is 25-27 degrees;
- the optimal temperature regime for plant development is 20-23 degrees;
- if the readings drop to 13 degrees, seedlings and already mature plants stop growing.
Peppers are important not only for warmth, but also for lighting. If you plant young shoots in a shaded area, they will stretch out, throw off flowers and ovaries. A bed for peppers should be selected in a well-lit place, sheltered from strong winds.
For peppers, conditions such as moisture and fertile soil are also important. The soil should be light and loose, well moisturized, with neutral acidity. Lack of water significantly affects the condition of the plants and the size of the fruits.
If you follow agricultural techniques, you can grow a rich crop of peppers on your site. This culture is demanding on moisture, light and heat. The variety must be chosen taking into account the climatic characteristics of your region. In the southern regions, peppers can be grown in an open garden, and in the northern and middle lane, it is preferable to plant them in a greenhouse. Round fruits are perfect for stuffing and canning.
