Content
Open ground is considered by most gardeners to be the most optimal way to grow vegetables. For planting in the garden, it is recommended to choose the most productive and early maturing varieties of eggplant. When choosing a variety, a number of indicators must be taken into account:
- Stability and productivity under adverse environmental conditions... Modern breeders are constantly working to improve the properties of eggplant. New hybrids and common varieties can withstand lower temperatures, gusts of wind and increased heat.
- Bush structure... For a small area, it is good to plant not very spreading, compact plants. The usual planting density of seedlings is 5 bushes per 1 sq. m of soil and maintain the size of the row spacing. It is better to take into account the size of the site in advance and create comfortable conditions for early eggplant.
- Soil fertility... Eggplants love soil light, loose, sandy, good fertilized... Be sure to try to adhere to the sequence of changing crops for open field.
- Possibility of good watering and nutrition... Plants are hygrophilous, sensitive to the introduction of nutrients. They love correct and timely watering and feeding.
- Thermal conditions... They may die at low temperatures or extreme heat. It is better to plant early eggplants in places where the soil warms up easily and there is no strong wind. You can protect plantings with a portable greenhouse. Warming up remains, and the wind does not bother the plants.
- Ripening period... To protect eggplants from an early drop in temperature, you should choose early ripening varieties. This is especially true in areas with a cool climate.
Early maturing eggplants have dwarf or medium-sized bushes, but spreading and branching. All parts of the plant are purple. But the shape of the fruit can be chosen for every taste:
- pear-shaped;
- oval;
- cylindrical;
- round.
The color range of the fruits is so diverse that early eggplants in a beautiful combination can be placed in the open field.
Choosing early varieties
To satisfy the need for vegetables for nutrition and to please yourself by growing early eggplants, you can pick up extraordinary varieties.
"Vakula"
Selective early variety for open field. After 110 days, you can enjoy delicious fruits. Bushes reach a size of 120 cm in the initial period after planting requires shelter. Smooth elliptical fruits, harmonious, with good taste. They gain weight up to 450-500 g and do not have thorns, which is very much appreciated by housewives. Possesses high resistance to common eggplant diseases. It has excellent early fruit setting and high adaptability to external changes in weather conditions. Therefore, in the open field it requires a garter and high-quality dressing. This will save the bush for further fruiting.
"Joker"
An interesting variety for gardeners, firstly, by its fruiting method, and secondly, by its stable high yield. This eggplant forms clusters with several fruits at the same time. Up to 4-6 fruits on one bunch.
With good care, one bush gives up to 100 full-fledged vegetables, which fully justifies the choice of a variety. The height of the plant is about a meter, therefore, with such a load, it must be tied to a support. Although each eggplant weighs no more than 130 grams, in total they are quite heavy for the branches. The main advantages of "Balagur":
- very early fruiting;
- beautiful shape and color of fruits;
- a small number of thorns;
- the ability to collect seeds for the next year.
The only condition is that the variety cannot be ignored in order to get the maximum yield.
"Negus"
Excellent early maturing eggplant. It is considered a super early variety for open ground with an extraordinary shape of the fruit. They ripen within 80 days after planting, they look like a small barrel.
The weight of one eggplant is not more than 300 g, but a lot of them ripen on one bush. Proper care and timely collection of ripe eggplants allows you to prolong fruiting for a long time. An "early" harvest can then last almost the entire season. The bush is undersized, up to 60 cm in height, does not require a garter. The variety has an unusually pleasant taste, good keeping quality and transportability, which is very valuable for early eggplant. Suitable for all types of workpieces. The early ripening period makes it possible to independently harvest the seeds.
"Korean dwarf"
Early eggplant, unpretentious to growing conditions. After 70 days from disembarkation, you can feast on ripe fruits. The bush is very compact, its height is no more than 45 cm in the open field, it grows without problems. The weight of one eggplant reaches 500 g, but this is not the limit for the variety. If the plants are covered overnight (but not with a cloth), then the eggplants will grow larger. Ripe fruits have the shape of a regular pear, delicate taste without bitterness, do not require soaking before cooking. Many gardeners consider this variety a godsend for open ground. Its adaptive abilities are very high; it is necessary to protect plants from the Colorado potato beetle. Eggplant will not resist this pest.
"Vera"
Another early variety with large fruits. Bright purple pears weighing up to 200 g have a good taste and have a thin skin. A distinctive feature is a light stripe under the calyx. From planting to harvesting, 100-110 days pass. The yield of the variety is quite high. From one square. m of open ground, up to 10 kg of nutritious vegetables are harvested. The bush is not sprawling, the height is no more than 1 meter. In the open field, it gives stable yields, is resistant to diseases and pests.
"Dwarf early"
Selection grade eggplant. Early ripening, prolific, fruitful, with good fruit taste. The crop is harvested on the 85th day, and the seeds are harvested 125 days after planting. The plant is quite short, branching, the bush reaches 45 cm in height. Fruits are small, up to 200 g, but ripen in large quantities. This indicator fully pays for the choice of the variety. It is considered a table variety with a pleasant taste and high nutritional value.
Early maturing hybrids
Gardeners use seeds not only of ordinary varieties. Hybrids are often preferred. These plants combine the best qualities of several varieties. Seeds should not be harvested from hybrid varieties. All acquired properties in the second generation are not saved. Therefore, the yield, taste and appearance of eggplant can be completely different. The hybrids have an increased yield - 40-60% more than the parent variety. They are more resistant to adverse weather conditions, pests and diseases... Having chosen the most suitable hybrid for your garden, it is better to purchase seeds from trusted producers. The letter F is placed next to the name of the eggplant, indicating that it belongs to hybrids. Some varieties have won the appreciation of plant breeders.
"Anet F1"
Very early maturing and high yielding hybrid. Has a long fruiting period. The last fruits ripen before the onset of frost. The first crop is harvested 70 days after planting in the ground. The berries are elongated, cylindrical, dark purple. The weight is quite decent - 400 g. The bush is powerful, tall, with abundant leaf cover. It has good regenerative abilities, quickly recovers from damage, and is resistant to parasites.Good presentation and transportability helped the hybrid take its rightful place in the list of the best varieties of early eggplant. Great for outdoor use.
"Fabina F1"
Super early hybrid. After 75 days, the planted bush gives the first cylindrical fruits. The color of the berry is classic - dark purple. The bush is small, compact. The height of an adult plant is up to 60 cm. It is resistant to a dangerous disease - verticillium wilt and the parasite - spider mite. Up to 10 eggplants are obtained from one bush, 600 kg from one hundred square meters of the garden. To get an earlier harvest, you need to keep the seedlings under a film in the first period.
"Bourgeois F1"
Very powerful early maturing plant. Fruits are round, large, weighing up to 500 g. Ripen 105 days after planting seedlings in the ground. Hybrid advantages:
- tender fruit pulp without bitterness;
- early maturity;
- large-fruited;
- long fruiting period;
- disease resistance.
Used in cooking and for blanks.
"King of the North F1"
A wonderful early hybrid even for cold regions. Possesses extraordinary resistance to low temperatures without reducing yields. Calmly tolerates small frosts, which is completely uncommon for eggplants.
Begins to bear fruit after 90 days. In the open field, you can get up to 14 kg of vegetables from 1 sq. m area. Such a result is obtained not only in the northern regions, but also in any region. The bush is not tall, about 45 cm high. Beautiful bright purple stems give the eggplant a festive look. Another advantage of the hybrid is its studlessness. Fruit picking becomes enjoyable. Designed for open ground conditions, yields up to 15 kg of fruits per 1 sq. m, in which there is absolutely no bitterness. Seed germination is excellent. The fruits are large, due to the low height of the bush, they can touch the ground. In this case, mulching of the near-stem space is used.
"Mileda F1"
Another representative of the hybrids that tolerates the cold. To obtain a crop, 70 days from full germination are enough. Fruits are dark purple, cylindrical, of excellent taste. The bush grows up to 1 meter in height, strongly leafy and powerful. The crop is harvested before frost.
Conclusion
The selection of breeding varieties is huge, new names appear every year. You can stay on your favorite eggplant variety, or you can try new ones. This will give you the opportunity to get other qualities of your favorite vegetable. Many varieties are highly resistant to disease, pests and weather fluctuations. It is not difficult to choose a worthy representative, and growing will be a pleasure. After all, hardy varieties do not require constant attention and slightly simplify agrotechnical measures.
