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Sweet pepper varieties differ among themselves not only in shape, color, taste of fruits, but also in terms of ripening. For cultivation in the middle lane and in the suburbs, preference is given to early varieties of bell peppers. In an unfavorable climate, the most early varieties of pepper for the Moscow region are best suited.
Early maturing varieties and hybrids are called that begin to bear fruit less than 120 days after transplanting the seedlings into the greenhouse. It is recommended to plant "Skorospelki" in a greenhouse. It provides plants with optimal and comfortable conditions for growth and fruiting - warmth, moisture, light. The yield of early-maturing greenhouse varieties decreases when planted on open ground. At the very time when the seedlings of early peppers are ready for planting (April-May), the weather near Moscow does not indulge in warm sunny days. Plants need light and warmth. Therefore, greenhouse cultivation or temporary film shelters is recommended for early maturing varieties of pepper.
Planting dates for early varieties of pepper in the Moscow region
Early maturing varieties and hybrids are planted in a greenhouse in late April or early May. Simple arithmetic and basic knowledge will help to calculate the timing of sowing seeds for seedlings.
We subtract exactly two months from the estimated landing date. It turns out that in the middle or end of February, there should already be one-day-old sprouts in the seedling box.
Germination of sweet pepper seeds can occur within 10-14 days. This means that two weeks must be subtracted from the date when the seedlings are supposed to appear. Using simple calculations, we get the approximate date of sowing seeds for seedlings. Therefore, you can sow seeds in mid or late February. Subject to the correct technology for growing seedlings, transplanting into a greenhouse and caring for an adult plant, in early June you can already try the first fruits. This is explained in more detail in this video:
The best varieties of early pepper for the Moscow region
There are no fundamental differences between early maturing varieties of pepper. They have almost the same sowing, planting and fruiting dates. The choice of an early variety is entirely up to personal preference. All varieties are different in taste, shape, size and color of the fruit. Some of them are good for canning, others look beautiful in the form of a fresh salad.
Small round fruits of Gogoshara look spectacular in jars as a whole. The elongated meaty cones of the Tiven variety are delicious when fried in oil. Fruits in the stage of technical ripening, when they are still painted in a soft green color, will give a special aroma to the first summer salad. Bright yellow and orange peppers Orange miracle will make any dish appetizing and beautiful. There are a huge number of versatile varieties. thick-walled pepper, the fruits of which are great for any kind of home cooking.
Bagration
The variety is adapted for growing in greenhouses near Moscow. The bush is medium in height (about 80 cm), with sparse leaves. The fruits are similar in appearance to tomatoes, only of a bright yellow color. They grow up to 7-8 cm in diameter. 10-12 fruits are removed from one bush in one collection, each of which weighs about 150 g. During the season, the crop is harvested 3 (less often - 4-5) times with an interval of 15-20 days. The plant is resistant to diseases of pepper such as leaf mosaic, apical rot, wilting.
Znayka
The bush is vigorous (up to 150 cm in height), straight. Flowers and ovaries grow upward.The plant needs a bush formation and a garter. The location of the fruit on the stem makes it easier to care for the plant. Pepper tolerates a lack of light well, but requires constant moisture in the soil. Heart-shaped Zaznayka pepper fruits gain up to 200 g of weight. Although, at first glance, their size (7-8 cm in diameter) does not give the impression of a "heavyweight". But they have thick (7-8 mm) walls and dense flesh. Pepper Zaznayka, due to its compact form, can be preserved as a whole. They also do not lose their presentation during transportation and are well stored.
Smile
Plant height - from 80 to 100 cm. Fruits in the form of a cone with a rounded tip, in technical ripeness - green. By the time of full ripening, the color of the fruit changes to orange-red. The pulp is juicy and thick (7-8 mm). The size of the fruits depends on the watering - in greenhouse conditions with regular moisture, peppers can be grown, each of which will weigh 200-250 g. 14-16 fruits are removed from each bush per season. The recommended planting density is 5-6 plants per 1 sq. m.
Czardas
A short (up to 70 cm) compact bush with a rounded crown, yellow, orange and red fruits, adapted for growing in greenhouses in the Moscow region. The fruits are arranged in a hanging bouquet. Quite large - up to 16 cm in height and 7-8 cm in diameter. At the same time, 15-16 pieces are formed on one bush, each of which weighs about 150 g.
If the required temperature and moisture level in the soil are maintained in the greenhouse, the crop can be harvested until the end of October. It bears fruit well in the open field, subject to the planting density of no more than 5 bushes per 1 sq. m. In a greenhouse, the planting can be compacted up to 8-10 plants. The fruits of Czardash pepper are suitable for fresh consumption at any stage of ripening.
Tomboy
This handsome variety has long been registered in greenhouses near Moscow and has become a favorite of local summer residents. The tomboy is loved for qualities such as:
- Decorativeness;
- Friendly fruiting;
- Beautiful, large and tasty fruits;
- Unpretentiousness and resistance to common diseases of pepper;
- Productivity.
In one collection, the plant can give a caring owner up to 20 yellowish and orange-red fruits. Tomato pepper fruits are even, in the form of a slightly flattened cone. Excellent taste when used in any form.
Nafanya
The Nathan pepper bush grows throughout the growing season. Therefore, pruning and shaping is recommended. A "neglected" plant can reach a height of 140-160 m. During the period of technical ripeness, the fruits are bright green, by the time of full ripening they change color to bright red. Fruits in the form of a triangular cone with an elongated tip in the form of a proboscis. Fleshy and large - up to 12 cm in height and 8 cm in diameter. The yield of this variety is 1 - 1.5 kg per 1 sq. m for one collection. It can bear fruit 3-4 times per season with an interval of 10-15 days.
Actor
The plant forms a bush high up to 150 cm. Flowers, ovaries, shoots are arranged in bouquets. The fruits are pendant, in the form of an elongated cone. The plant is unpretentious, but needs to be tied to the trellis due to abundant fruiting (up to 30 pieces per bush). Fruits of bright orange and light green colors can be harvested from one bush. Tasty raw and canned. For 1 sq. m it is recommended to plant no more than 5 bushes. A dense planting can lead to a decrease in yield.
cabin boy
An undemanding and productive variety can be recognized by the unusual arrangement of the fruits on the bush. During the fruiting period, Jung looks like a bouquet, with green, orange and red sticking out in different directions - depending on the stage of ripeness. On undersized - no more than 60 cm, a bush forms 14-16 peppers at the same time. The total mass of fruits per plant reaches 2-2.5 kg. The plant must be tied to a trellis.
Chord
The plant grows up to 1 m in height. For 1 sq. m it is recommended to plant 4-5 bushes. Fruits in the shape of a truncated cone, light green and bright red.The variety is popular with residents of the Moscow region, appreciated for its resistance to diseases, unpretentiousness and excellent taste of the fruit. The accord is universal - its fruits can be eaten in any form.
Barguzin
An early variety of pepper Barguzin gives good yields in greenhouses near Moscow. The plant forms into a low-growing (60-70 cm) beautiful bush with a neat rounded crown. Long yellow fruits weighing up to 200 g are suitable for canning and cooking. The Barguzin variety is famous for long-term fruiting, friendly seed germination and disease resistance.
Conclusion
This is just a small part early varieties of sweet peppers, which take root well and give rich harvests in the climatic conditions of the Moscow region. For those who have no experience in growing peppers, you can try varieties such as Winnie the Pooh, Eroshka, Funtik. These varieties have long become permanent residents of the Moscow region beds, and yield crops in any conditions.
When grown in greenhouses, plants that are independent of weather conditions grow faster and bear fruit earlier. In addition, plants in the greenhouse do not require much maintenance. It is only necessary to control the level of moisture in the soil and maintain the temperature required for the pepper.
