Content
Fungicides are used to cure fungal diseases of grapes, as well as other horticultural and horticultural crops. The safety of drugs makes them easy to use for prevention. According to the mechanism of action, all fungicides for grapes are divided into three groups, which determines their purpose.
Division of drugs into groups according to the principle of action
Vineyards are susceptible to various diseases, but most often the culture is affected by fungi. First, the crop is destroyed. Secondly, if you do not take any action, then the whole bush will disappear. Breeders are constantly developing hybrids with increased immunity. However, the problem is only partially solved. During an epidemic, the fungus quickly spreads throughout the plantation, destroying even the most resistant grape varieties.
Preventive spraying with fungicides helps to kill the spores of the fungus, prevent them from multiplying and progressing. However, the drugs are not universal. They are not able to cure all diseases. For example fungicides for treating grapes Topaz or Tipt will help prevent the spread of scab and powdery mildew. These drugs will not cope with anthracnose. Prevention must be performed in several stages, using means of different actions.
Contact drugs
Vineyard infection with fungus begins with the foliage. Gradually, the disease spreads to berries and young shoots. When treating a garden and vineyards, contact or local fungicides form a protective film on fruits, leaves and branches. Preventive spraying prevents crop contamination. Processing during an epidemic does not allow the fungus to multiply.
The spores of the fungus adhere to the film formed by the contact fungicide and are destroyed. A big plus is the lack of adaptation of pathogens to drugs. The protective film on the plant lasts an average of 12 days. The duration of the contact agent is influenced by weather conditions. Heat and heavy rain will accelerate the destruction of the protective film. Sometimes the culprit becomes the gardener himself, subjecting the treated grapes to sprinkling.
For complete protection against fungus during an epidemic, it is recommended to spray the plantings every 10 days. The vineyard is cultivated up to 8 times per season. If it rains after spraying, the procedure is repeated unscheduled.
An example of a contact fungicide is Hom. In action, it is similar to Bordeaux liquid. The remedy is not effective for treatment. It is used for prevention. Folpan is more suitable for treating infected grapes. The maximum number of fungicide treatments per season does not exceed 4 times.
Systemic drugs
According to the principle of operation, systemic fungicides for grapes differ from contact preparations.The active ingredient is completely absorbed by the cells, after which it spreads along with the juice throughout the plant. The systemic fungicide does not form a protective film. The substance needs 6 hours for complete absorption. The drug acts from the inside of the plant, completely destroying the fungus.
From the moment of spraying, the systemic fungicides for grapes act for three weeks. Moreover, the active substance spreads throughout the bush and the root system, even if during the treatment the solution got into only part of the vine. After six hours after treatment, rain, heat or high humidity are not scary. The number of treatments is reduced to three times a year.
The disadvantage of systemic agents is the adaptation of the fungus to them. On one grape bush, the drug of one group is used no more than two times.
Each systemic agent is designed to combat a specific disease. Falcon copes well with powdery mildew. If fungicides are needed for mildew on grapes, then Fundazol is preferred.
Complex drugs
In its composition, complex fungicides for grapes contain active substances of systemic and contact preparations. The action is carried out selectively on a certain type of fungus. The locally systemic fungicide for grapes is characterized by increased toxicity, which requires careful handling.
Among the popular complex drugs are:
- Mikal is a prophylactic and therapeutic agent against fungal diseases. Processing must be carried out no later than three days after the detection of affected areas of grapes.
- Shavit destroys all types of rot and pathogens of infectious diseases. The product is highly toxic. Apply a maximum of two times per season. The plantings are sprayed in protective clothing, gloves, glasses and a respirator.
- Flint copes well with mildew, oidium, and rot. The product is not highly toxic and can be used up to three times per season. The duration of action after spraying is about two weeks.
- Cabrio Top is able to heal a vineyard during a massive outbreak of mildew and powdery mildew. The tool helps well against anthracnose, destroys pests. The active substance accumulates in the grapes and lasts for a month. Any weather conditions are not able to neutralize the drug.
Most complex remedies additionally help fight leaf spot and infectious drying.
Review of popular drugs
It is impossible to choose the most effective fungicide for grapes, since the active substance of each agent is aimed at combating a specific disease. Novice winegrowers prefer complex preparations due to the difficulty of independently identifying the ailment. Experienced gardeners who know how to correctly diagnose can accurately select a fungicide of systemic or contact action.
Top 1. Consento, KS
- anti-sporular qualities;
- resistance to precipitation and water;
- toxicological safety;
- affordable cost.
Strobe
Considering the best fungicides for grapes, you should pay attention to Strobe... The systemic agent completely destroys the mycelium, prevents spores from multiplying, effectively heals the bushes from mildew and oidium. Additionally, Strobe fights rot formation.
Fungicide is used even with significant lesions of vines, leaves and grapes. The maximum number of treatments is 2 times per season. A package of powder weighing 2 g is diluted with 7 liters of water, poured into a sprayer bottle and the bushes are treated. The active substance is not toxic to bees, animals and humans.
Falcon
Falcon has three components. The tool is considered complex, and effectively fights against powdery mildew, mildew, and also prevents the appearance of spotting. Falcon can be used at any time, even when grapes are in bloom. The drug is popular among private gardeners and large farms.
For prophylaxis, a working solution is prepared from 5 ml of Falcon and 10 liters of water. For treatment, an increased concentration of the active substance is required. The working solution is made from 10 l of water and 10 ml of Falcon.
Topaz
The popular systemic drug is used not only for processing grapes. Topaz effectively protects garden trees and shrubs from fungus. A combination of the drug with contact fungicides is allowed, due to which the protection of green mass and fruits is enhanced.
Topaz is recommended for use at the initial stage of grape fungal disease. The active substance copes well with mildew as well as powdery mildew. To prepare the working solution, use 2 ml of Topaz per 10 l of water. The number of sprays depends on the type of disease. The duration of action of the active substance is from 2 to 3 weeks. However, during an epidemic of powdery mildew, with a strong defeat of the bushes, the next spraying is repeated after 7 days.
Speed
The systemic fungus remedy protects grapes for 7-21 days. Spraying up to four times is allowed per season. The best effect is observed when used together with contact fungicides. The drug does not cause toxic poisoning of plants, bees and humans.
The working solution is made from 2 ml of Scor per 10 l of water. The tool is more often used for prevention. Skor will help from rot and scab, but only at the initial stage.
The video provides an overview of popular fungicides used by winegrowers:
Conclusion
Any fungicide is a chemical agent. Its safety is due to its correct use according to the manufacturer's instructions.
