Content
- 1 Why is the appearance of aphids on raspberries dangerous?
- 2 Ways to combat aphids on raspberries
- 3 How to process aphids on raspberries with folk remedies
- 4 Treatment of raspberries from aphids with fungicides
- 5 Protection of raspberries from aphids in different seasons
- 6 Highly resistant raspberry varieties
- 7 Prevention measures
- 8 Conclusion
Aphids are one of the most common pests of horticultural and horticultural crops. Withstanding low temperatures, the insect easily survives in winter. With the onset of warmth, the aphid quickly multiplies and affects all parts of the plants. You can fight aphids on raspberries with the help of drugs and folk methods.
Why is the appearance of aphids on raspberries dangerous?
In nature, there are about 5,000 species of aphids. Some of them are tied to one type of plant, others can feed on any plant sap. Winged and wingless aphids easily mix along the stems, quickly spreading on plantings of cultivated plants. The device of the mouth allows the insect to easily pierce the leaf plates and stalks of young plants. Does not shun aphids and raspberry juice. The pest enters the site from infected plants or neighboring territories. Ants are also suppliers of aphids to the garden. They feed on insect milk, arranging whole farms from small pests.
Aphids leave a sweet sticky bloom (milk) on the bushes. This substance attracts other pests that are not averse to feasting on the sap and tissues of the plant.
For raspberries, aphids are very dangerous. Colonies of pests destroy not only the harvest of berries, but also young shoots. Aphids can also cause fungal infections in raspberry bushes. If you do not process the planting with special means in a timely manner, then you can say goodbye to the harvest.
Raspberries are most often affected by two types of aphids - shoot and leaf
It is worth treating bushes against aphids when the first signs of their work appear.
- Leaves curl and dry out.
- The flowers do not fully open and fall off.
- Fresh shoots lose growth and gradually dry out.
- The berries are deformed and fall off.
So that the berry harvest does not suffer, the fight against the pest must be started as early as possible.
Ways to combat aphids on raspberries
The choice of methods for controlling aphids on raspberry bushes depends on the time of year, the phase of plant development and the number of pests.
Shrubs are treated with chemicals from aphids before flowering and after picking berries. Most popular methods can be used to control insects all year round.
It is necessary to follow the principles of agricultural technology of berry bushes to protect against aphids and other pests.
Often, biologically active preparations are used to protect plants, which contain bacteria and fungi hostile to insects.
Adherents of organic farming and safe pest control in horticultural and vegetable crops recommend planting repellent plants around the raspberry field.
How to process aphids on raspberries with folk remedies
The choice of folk remedies to process aphid berry is wide enough. The main advantage of such methods is the relative safety for humans and the environment. But the effectiveness of traditional methods of treatment against aphids is not too high.
Garlic water
To prepare an infusion of garlic, you can use arrows, which are removed when growing this burning-aromatic culture or mature heads. To prepare a liter of solution, 200 - 250 g of raw materials will be required. Garlic must be chopped with a meat grinder or blender to a state of gruel and filled with water. After insisting for about 3 days.
Strain the resulting infusion and dilute with an equal volume of water. Spray aphids on raspberry leaves and shoots.
Hot pepper
To treat raspberries from aphids, you can use hot pepper pods or powder. A liter of infusion will require 1 ripe pod or a teaspoon of Red Pepper seasoning. There are two ways to prepare a folk remedy to treat aphids on raspberries.
- Grind the pod, pour boiling water over and simmer for about half an hour. Leave to insist until it cools completely.
- Pour red pepper powder with a glass of hot water and leave for an hour, wrapping the container with a warm towel.
For spraying against aphids, dilute the resulting infusion in a ratio of 1 to 10. Apply to shoots, leaves and flower stalks.
Onion infusion
Mash half a kilogram of unpeeled onions and cover with warm water (5 liters). Insist in a warm place for a day. Strain the infusion and squeeze the onion porridge.
To spray raspberries from aphids, dilute the product with an equal volume of water.
Tobacco dust
In hardware stores, the product is sold ready-to-use. You can fight aphids on raspberries with a dry preparation or infusion.
- Prepare a bag from gauze in several layers. Sprinkle tobacco dust and lightly pollinate the raspberry bushes.
- The infusion is prepared from 500 g of dust per 5 liters of hot water for two days. Dilute the product with water and spray on raspberry bushes.
Infusion of tomato tops
Gardeners use tomato stepchildren to prepare aphid remedy on raspberries and other crops. The green mass (2 - 3 kg) is poured with hot water (10 l) and insisted for several days in a warm greenhouse. The product can be boiled. In this case, the cooking process is accelerated. A sign of the readiness of the infusion is the appearance of foam. The liquid must be drained and diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 2.
The infusion of potato tops is prepared in a similar way. It is known that the greens of nightshade crops contain a small amount of toxic substances that aphids cannot tolerate.
Laundry soap
To combat aphids on raspberries and other crops, use a non-scented laundry soap. Grind the bar of soap and dilute it in a bucket of water. The resulting alkaline solution is not addictive to pests. You can use it an unlimited number of times for processing
Soap is also used to improve the effectiveness of home remedies against aphids. It has good adhesion. If you add a small piece of soap to any home remedy for combating aphids on raspberries, then even rain will not wash away substances poisonous to the pest from the plant.
Rules for processing raspberries with folk remedies
The natural composition of homemade aphid preparations does not mean that they are completely safe. Hot peppers in contact with eyes or mucous membranes can cause burns. And the preparation of a solution from the tops of tomatoes and potatoes can lead to an allergic reaction. Therefore, even using such simple components, you should not neglect protective equipment.
Plants need to be processed in dry weather. The ingredients of homemade aphid preparations do not penetrate the plant cells. They are easily washed off by rain. It is advisable to choose a time in the morning, when the sun dries the grass from dew, to protect raspberries from aphids. Processing efficiency also decreases in strong winds.
To protect raspberries from aphids with folk remedies, you need to process the bushes every week.
Treatment of raspberries from aphids with fungicides
Gardeners make the mistake of treating plants with fungicidal preparations. These products are suitable for protecting plants from diseases. To destroy aphids on raspberries and other horticultural crops, experts recommend treating the garden with insecticides.
To get rid of aphids for a long time, but at the same time maintain the yield of raspberry bushes, you should remember:
- Raspberries are pollinated by bees. Bushes cannot be treated with chemical agents against pests during flowering, as they are dangerous for beneficial insects.
- Systemic drugs are most effective against aphids on raspberries. They penetrate plant cells, killing insects almost instantly.
- It is necessary to process the shrub in dry, calm weather, even if the instructions for the preparation do not contain this information.
- Aphids are highly resistant to the action of toxic components. To effectively fight aphids on raspberries, it is not recommended to use preparations with an identical composition several times.
Spark
The domestic insecticide is available in several versions.
- Iskra M - in the form of a concentrated emulsion, contains malathion. A contact-intestinal insecticide with a pungent odor destroys aphids within a few hours. A 10 ml ampoule is diluted in 10 liters of water and the plants are sprayed with a fresh solution. It is impossible to treat the culture with the drug during the flowering and fruiting period.
- Spark of gold - is available in several forms. To treat raspberries, apply an insecticide liquid and powder. The nicotinoid imidacloprid is used as a paralyzing substance for aphids. Its components are of little danger to humans and the environment. The insecticide lasts up to a month in plant parts. It is recommended to process raspberries no later than the flowering period.
- Spark Dual Effect - made on the basis of natural pyrethrins, which contain flowers of the Astrov family. The drug can be used to treat raspberries at any time, except for the fruiting period. Substances do not penetrate into the plant and do not accumulate in it.
- Spark Bio - the safest product from the line of insecticides. It is based on avertin. According to the instructions, plants can be treated with a biological preparation during flowering and berry picking. The preparations Fitoverm, Strela, Jaguar, Aktofit have a similar effect. The biological structure of the products is safe for humans, warm-blooded animals and bees. The components are decomposed by natural processes.
Confidor
The systemic insecticide contains imidacloprid. According to research, the components of the drug penetrate exclusively into the leaves, without affecting the fruits and berries. This property allows you to process raspberry bushes throughout the growing season.
The preparations Monsoon, Imidor, Biotlin have a similar composition. Insecticides based on neonicotinoids can be used to treat raspberry bushes against aphids not only by spraying, but also when watering plants.
Protection of raspberries from aphids in different seasons
When choosing means and methods of protecting raspberries from aphids, it is necessary to take into account the seasonality and degree of plant infestation.
Processing raspberries in spring from aphids
From early spring to the formation of flower buds, raspberries can be treated by any means to combat aphids. Systemic and contact insecticides with a long period of action will destroy the pest and have time to decompose before flowering.
What to do if aphids are on raspberries during flowering
Most insecticides are versatile. They have the same effect on harmful and beneficial insects. Therefore, it is not worth treating bee-pollinated raspberries with them.To protect blooming raspberries, it is recommended to use biological preparations with a short protection period or folk remedies.
Fighting aphids during fruiting
If aphids on raspberries appeared during the period when the berries ripen, then the choice of funds will have to be approached carefully. Even low-hazard insecticides can cause poisoning or an allergic reaction in humans.
You can process raspberries from aphids using folk methods. Gardeners spray the bushes with a decoction of chamomile. The flowers of the plant contain peritroids, which negatively affect the nervous system of aphids and other pests.
To prepare a decoction, you can collect chamomile inflorescences or buy a dry preparation at a pharmacy. For a liter of broth, 3 tablespoons of dry inflorescences are needed. Grass poured with boiling water should be kept in a water bath for about 15 minutes. After strain, dilute with water to a volume of 3 liters and process all parts of the raspberry bush. The procedure can be repeated once a week if necessary.
Highly resistant raspberry varieties
The body structure of aphids does not allow the pest to settle on plants with pubescent leaves. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, varieties have been created that are not exposed to the invasion of a gluttonous pest.
Moroseyka
The variety of raspberries bred by Professor Kichin has been known to gardeners since the mid-70s of the last century. The shoots of the plant are covered with a waxy coating, which protects against aphids and fungus.
Beauty of Russia
On the basis of the varieties Maroseyka and Mirage, Professor Kichin developed a new variety of raspberries with improved qualities. Yielding large-fruited Beauty of Russia with aromatic berries has increased resistance to the effects of aphids and fungal diseases.
Tarusa
The standard variety is considered the progenitor of a new direction in breeding. Tarusa is called the crimson tree because of its thick, erect shoots. The plant is resistant to fungal diseases and is not affected by aphids.
Prevention measures
To avoid the appearance of a pest on raspberry plantings, it is necessary to follow the rules of agricultural technology:
- Plant shrubs at the recommended distance for a particular variety.
- Take care of the health of the berry bush.
- Weed the area in time to prevent aphids from moving from weeds to raspberry bushes.
- Plant repellents (chamomile, wormwood, garlic) around the raspberry tree.
- Regularly carry out sanitary pruning of old and damaged shoots.
- To clear the area from fallen leaves, under which pests hibernate.
- Treat anthills with insecticides for destruction.
The gardener has enough helpers in the fight against aphids. If you make birdhouses and feeders on the site, then grateful birds will relieve some of the problems with pests of garden crops. Aphids also have natural enemies. These are ladybugs, lacewings and hoverflies.
Conclusion
You have to fight aphids on raspberries quite often. This is a very persistent pest that does not bypass any garden plot with its attention. Insect control products on the market are available in a rich assortment. When choosing insecticides for aphids, it is important to pay attention to the composition. Manufacturers often put drugs on the market with different names, but absolutely the same components.
